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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    E.S.R. study of free radicals formed in skin proteins by u.v. irradiation (1979)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    International journal of cosmetic science 1 (1979), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: In order to better understand the mechanisms of action, of sunlight on skin, a study of the free radicals formed by irradiation of its protein constituents, has been undertaken. Samples of stratum corneum keratin and of skin collagen have been u.v. irradiated, in a vacuum, at – 196°C, then transferred to an electron spin resonance spectrometer (E.S.R.). The E.S.R. signals have then been recorded at – 160°C and at increasing temperatures in order to follow the transformations of primary free radicals into secondary species more stable at room temperature.For keratin, u.v. rays produce radicals of the type -NH-CHR at low temperature but it is not possible to identify them more precisely. These free species react with combined glycine of neighbouring protein chains to form -NH-CH-CO-(I) radicals, the E.S.R. spectrum of which can be observed from –60°C onwards. In the presence of air, rather unstable peroxide radicals are formed.For irradiated collagen, the E.S.R. signals recorded at increasing temperatures show in addition to (I) some evidence of alanine free radicals (-NH-CH-CH3 at – 160°C and -NH-C(CH3)-CO- from -20°C onwards).These results allow a better understanding of the mechanisms which lead to premature ageing of the skin through sunlight exposure and to the transformation of collagen into even more cross-linked proteins. In addition, this study of the free radicals formed in stratum corneum keratin, allows a more refined discussion of the protective effect of skin melanin pigments. Etude par R.P.E. des radicaux libres formés par action de la lumière ultra-violette sur les protéines de la peau
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-2494.1979.tb00215.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Expression of Bcl-2 and Bax in cultured normal human keratinocytes and melanocytes: relationship to differentiation and melanogenesis (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    British journal of dermatology 137 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2133
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Keratinocyte differentiation and melanogenesis are two major cellular processes by which the epidermal compartment of the skin acquires its protective properties. Bcl-2, an oncoprotein involved in the regulation of apoptosis, has been shown to be expressed by keratinocytes and melanocytes. To determine whether Bcl-2 and Bax, a protein which heterodimerizes with Bcl-2, may control these epidermal functions, we investigated the expression of these two oncogenes in cultivated human keratinocytes and melanocytes from the same donors, respectively induced to differentiate and to produce melanin. As determined by cytometry, we observed that these two cell types constitutively express the two proto-oncogenes. Quantification of Bcl-2 antige n sites per cell showed that Bcl-2 expression is higher in keratinocytes than in melanocytes. An increase in transglutaminase activity, a marker of keratinocyte terminal differentiation initiating cornified envelope formation, was accompained by a decrease in Bcl-2 levels without significant modification of Bax expression. In paralleled Bcl-2 down-regulation and Bax up-regulatin. This led us to conclude that the expression of these two oncogenes and their cellular ratio are closely involved in keratinocyte differentiation and melanogenesis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.1997.19812085.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    In vitro biosynthesis of type I and III collagens by human dermal fibroblasts from donors of increasing age
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Mechanisms of Ageing and Development 73 (1994), S. 179-187 
    Details
    ISSN: 0047-6374
    Keywords: Aging ; Body site variations ; Collagens I ; Collagens III ; Human skin fibroblasts
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0047-6374(94)90050-7
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Human epidermal cells progressively lose their cardiolipins during ageing without change in mitochondrial transmembrane potential
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Mechanisms of Ageing and Development 77 (1994), S. 83-96 
    Details
    ISSN: 0047-6374
    Keywords: Epidermal cell ageing ; Flow cytometry ; Nonyl acridine orange ; Rhodamine 123 ; Skin
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0047-6374(94)90017-5
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Existence of a lipid gradient in the upper stratum corneum and its possible biological significance (1997)
    Springer
    Archives of dermatological research 289 (1997), S. 78-82 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-069X
    Keywords: Key words Stratum corneum ; Lipids ; Free fatty acids ; Gradient ; Stripping ; Automated multiple development
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The internal stratum corneum lipid composition was investigated in relation to depth in vivo in healthy human volunteers by extraction following one, three or five strippings. Automated multiple development high-performance thin-layer chromatography (AMD-HPTLC) and gas chromatography (GC) followed by normalized principal component analysis showed a decrease in the amount of lipids extracted after one, three and five strippings. Between levels 0, 1, 3 and 5 the stratum corneum lipid composition showed an increase in phospholipids and cholesterol-3-sulphate at level 3, a decrease in ceramide, cholesterol and free fatty acids after level 1, and a slight decrease in sterol esters at level 3. Lipids extracted after three strippings displayed a characteristic composition with an increase in the proportion of phospholipids and cholesterol-3-sulphate. Free fatty acid analysis in relation to depth revealed a decrease in the amounts of C14:0, C16:0, C16:1, C18:0 and C18:1 between levels 1 and 5 and an increase in the C24:0. A decrease in the unsaturated/ saturated chain ratio with depth was also observed, reflecting a greater decrease in unsaturated than saturated free fatty acids. A decrease in the ratios of free fatty acids to cholesterol and free fatty acids to ceramides after three and five strippings, respectively, and previously reported results, confirm the importance of this level of stratum corneum lipids in skin barrier properties.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004030050158
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 6
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    Asia-Pacific roadmap for primary forest conservation : Working paper (2022)
    Food and Agriculture Organisation of the United Nations (FAO) | Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR) | CGIAR Research Program on Forests, Trees and Agroforestry (FTA)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-06-29
    Description: Primary forests and natural landscapes in Asia and the Pacific are under increasing pressure and threats driven by population growth, migration and conflict, globalization and economic growth, urbanization, mining and infrastructure development, agriculture and planted forest expansion, forest fires and invasive species. Many of these threats are increasingly exacerbated by climate change. To address these threats, FAO and the Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR), lead center of the CGIAR research programme on Forests, Trees and Agroforestry (FTA), have developed a roadmap for the conservation of primary forests in Asia and the Pacific, building upon state-of-the-art knowledge and extensive consultation of key regional stakeholders. This publication uses a remote-sensing methodology to accurately and consistently identify and delineate the remaining ‘intact forests’ and ‘contiguous intact forests’ in the Asia-Pacific region over large areas, over long periods of time, and at reasonable costs. It illustrates the huge diversity of forest formations in Asia and the Pacific and calls for a better understanding of the dynamic at stake in forest ecosystems and surrounding landscapes at finer scale. It proposes a set of recommendations, inviting policymakers and other relevant stakeholders to adopt an integrated landscape perspective and to combine different mechanisms and tools at different scales, including protected areas and other area-based conservation measures, to support effective primary forest conservation.
    Type: Report , NonPeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.17528/cifor/008540
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    OceanRep: Report - other report
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