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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Strombidium inclinatum n. sp. and a Reassessment of Strombidium sulcatum Claparède and Lachmann (Ciliophora) (1990)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @journal of eukaryotic microbiology 37 (1990), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1550-7408
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Strombidium sulcatum is the type species for the genus Strombidium and has been repeatedly referred to over the last 130 yr. However, there are several taxonomic problems associated with it. We discuss why the original description of S. sulcatum lacks resolution to describe a single species. We conclude that: (1) the description of S. sulcatum sensu Fauré-Fremiet, 1912 be used to diagnose the species; (2) there are ambiguities in several redescriptions of S. sulcatum; and (3) S. sulcatum sensu Lynn et al., 1988 is Strombidium emergens (Leegaard, 1915) Kahl, 1932. From this analysis we present a description for Strombidium inclinatum n. sp. (previously S. sulcatum sensu Fenchel and Jonsson, 1988).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1550-7408.1990.tb01152.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Taxonomic Descriptions of One New Species and Redescription of Four Species in the Family Strombidiidae (Ciliophora, Oligotrichida) (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @journal of eukaryotic microbiology 35 (1988), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1550-7408
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Five ciliate species collected from the Woods Hole area were examined by protargol silver impregnation and scanning electron microscopy. These ciliates have been shown to sequester and use chloroplasts obtained from flagellate prey. One new species, Strombidium chlorophilum, is described. Four other species, Strombidium capitatum (Leegaard, 1915) Kahl, 1932, Strombidium conicum (Lohmann, 1908) Wulff, 1919, Strombidium acutum (Leegaard, 1915) Kahl, 1932, and Laboea strobila Lohmann, 1908, are redescribed. Characters used in describing the Strombidiidae include cell size and shape, anterior and ventral polykinetids, macronuclear shape and size, the kinetid “girdle,” the ventral kinety, the trichites, and the paroral kinety. The rationale for using these characters as taxonomic criteria is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1550-7408.1988.tb04322.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Colpoda spiralis sp. n., a Colpodid Ciliate Found Inhabiting Treeholes (Colpodida, Ciliophora) (1977)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @journal of eukaryotic microbiology 24 (1977), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1550-7408
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: SYNOPSIS A new species of the family Colpodidae, genus Colpoda O. F. Müller, Colpoda spiralis sp. n. is described. This organism has been found only in treehole fluid. Its species status is based on the possession of a unique and prominent preoral protuberance, multimicronuclearity, and the preference for a treehole habitat. Its range is known to include the tri-state area of Arizona, New Mexico and Utah, and the mixed-deciduous forests of Maryland. This species prefers treehole fluids with a pH 〉 7 and is naturally limited to tree species which possess these alkaline treeholes. It encysts as a treehole dries and excysts when the treehole is again filled by fluids from the tree, or rainwater.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1550-7408.1977.tb04751.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The annual cycle of heterotrophic planktonic ciliates in the waters surrounding the Isles of Shoals, Gulf of Maine: an assessment of their trophic role (1988)
    Springer
    Marine biology 99 (1988), S. 21-30 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Ciliates in the waters surrounding the Isles of Shoals, Gulf of Maine were collected from May 1985 to August 1986 in sampling bottles, fixed in Bouin's solution, and quantitatively protargol stained. Cell abundance and biomass were separated into four size classes. Large species were prevalent in the spring while smaller species dominated in the summer. Ciliate abundance ranged from 0.35 to 6×106 m-3 annually while biomass ranged from 2.7 to 240 J m-3. Production, estimated using a multiple regression equation which incorporated ambient temperature and cell volume, ranged from 2.5 to 105 J m-3d-1. A model was constructed to determine the relative importance of ciliates in the planktonic food web. Blooms could provide a brief but significant transfer of energy to upper trophic levels. However, at best, ciliates may contribute 12% to the copepod ration and 3% of their available food.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00644973
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Assuming a 50% cell occupancy of the lorica overestimates tintinnine ciliate biomass (1989)
    Springer
    Marine biology 103 (1989), S. 413-416 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract To estimate biomass and production, the cell volume of tintinnine ciliates has been assumed to be 50% of lorica volume. This assumption was tested using a high-precision digitizing system which measured individuals of 17 tintinnine species in samples taken in two annual studies of biomass and production in both tropical (Kingston, Jamaica in 1986) and temperate (Passamaquoddy Bay, Canada in 1983–1984) regions. Using this assumption, percent occupancies and hence, biovolume estimates, were overestimated by as much as 317% for tropical species and 178% for temperate species. Daily production estimates of the tropical tintinnine assemblage were overestimated by as much as 147%. In studies attempting to estimate biomass and production accurately, it is concluded that cell volume of tintinnines should be measured directly rather than assumed to be 50% of lorica volume.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00397276
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Annual abundance and biomass of aloricate ciliates in tropical neritic waters off Kingston, Jamaica (1991)
    Springer
    Marine biology 110 (1991), S. 437-448 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The daily abundance of aloricate ciliates at Lime Cay, Jamaica, a shallow neritic site, ranged from 29 to 118 × 106 m−2 (0.97 to 3.93 × 106 m−3) between November 1985 and November 1986. Biomass was converted to kilojoules (1 kcal=4.1855 kJ) assuming 42% carbon, 20.15 kJ (g dry wt)−1, and 20% cell shrinkage. Biomass ranged from 0.40 to 3.00 kJ m−2 (13.3 to 100 J m−3; 0.28 to 2.08µg C l−1) with an annual mean of 1.11 kJ m−2 (36.8 J m−3; 0.764µg C l−1). Nanociliates (〈20µm equivalent spherical diameter, ESD) dominated abundance, but microciliates (〉 20µm ESD) dominated biomass.Strombidium, Strobilidium, Tontonia andLaboea species were conspicuous taxa. Annual production estimates of the aloricate assemblage, based on literature growth rates, ranged from 404 kJ m−2 yr−1 (37 J m−3 d−1) to 1614 kJ m−2 yr−1 (147 J m−3 d−1). A compromise estimate of 689 kJ m−2 yr−1 (i.e., 63 J m−3 d−1) is comparable to other estimates from tropical and subtropical regions. A model of annual energy flow through 11 planktonic compartments suggests the total ciliate assemblage (aloricates and tintinnines) to be as productive as metazoan herbivores and metazoan carnivores.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01344362
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Divider size and the cell cycle after prolonged starvation ofTetrahymena corlissi (1987)
    Springer
    Microbial ecology 13 (1987), S. 115-127 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-184X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Cell growth and division of the ciliateTetrahymena corlissi were examined upon refeeding after prolonged starvation of up to 12 days. Division did not automatically occur when a certain critical cell size was reached. Rather, it varied both with the nutritional history of the cell and the nutrient conditions in which the cell was growing. Upon refeeding, cells starved for 12 days divided at a smaller size and later than cells starved for 6 days. Cells refed at high density took longer to begin division than cells refed at low density. The results are discussed with respect to the “relative starvation” and “critical constituent” models of the cell cycle and in terms of the polymorphic life cycle ofTetrahymena species.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02011248
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Terminology and nomenclature of the cytoskeletal elements associated with the flagellar/ciliary apparatus in protists (1991)
    Springer
    Protoplasma 164 (1991), S. 1-8 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6102
    Keywords: Flagellate/ciliate ; Protists ; Cytoskeleton ; Flagellar apparatus ; Kinetid ; Terminology ; Nomenclature
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The terminology used to describe the cytoskeleton of protists is sometimes redundant and confusing. The independent origins of protistology from studies on algae, fungi, and protozoans led to these problems. Additionally, recent studies indicate that seemingly unrelated taxa form new, monophyletic groups. However, homologous structures that support monophyly are difficult to identify when the literature is published in journals restricted to specific fields or when the terminology is in duplicate or triplicate. The purpose of this paper is to establish clear definitions, identify synonyms, and indicate homologies where possible.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01320809
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cytoskeletal function of cortical microtubules in the ciliateColpoda (1981)
    Springer
    Protoplasma 108 (1981), S. 29-38 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6102
    Keywords: Ciliate ; Colpoda ; Cytoskeleton ; Hydrostatic pressure ; Microtubules
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The cytoskeletal function of cortical microtubular structures is explored by high-pressure treatment of the ciliated protozoonColpoda cucullus. This ciliate has two regions of form asymmetry which are apparently maintained by microtubules, namely the somatic groove and the right oral lip. Pressure induced changes in cellular morphology and motility were found to be a function of the magnitude of pressure and duration of compression. Cells exposed to 5,000 psi for 25 minutes, 7,500 psi for 12 minutes, and 10,000 psi for 3 minutes are quiescent and acquire a rounded shape. Observation by electron microscopy of cells exposed to 5,000 psi for 25 minutes indicates that the disappearance of the somatic groove and eversion of the oral apparatus are coincident with the disassembly of the microtubular rootlets in the groove and the supraepiplasmic microtubules in the right oral lip. Other changes accompanying the pressure-induced disassemblies include the reduction in numbers of overlapping microtubular ribbons in the cortical ridges and the appearance of cortical granular accumulations. The essential role in form-maintenance played by microtubular components is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01276881
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The implications of recent descriptions of kinetid structure to the systematics of the ciliated protists (1991)
    Springer
    Protoplasma 164 (1991), S. 123-142 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6102
    Keywords: Ciliates ; Kinetodermal fibril ; Microtubular ribbon ; Microtubular root ; Paramecium ; striated root ; Tetrahymena
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Review of the last decade has generally confirmed the presence of nine major kinetid patterns of ciliates. These patterns form the basis of several recent classification schemes that are not able, however, to recognize several variant patterns:Phacodinium, Transitella, Plagiopyla, Lechriopyla, Mesodinium, andSchizocaryum are examples of taxa whose position remains unclear even with ultrastructural evidence. The development of cell structures has provided some striking insights into the phylogenetic relationship of some taxa, notably the stomatogenesis ofColeps and kinetid replication ofEudiplodinium. Systematic implications of these data are also discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01320819
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