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  • 1
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    KAPEX: an international experiment to study deep water movement around southern Africa (1997)
    Academy of Science of South Africa
    In:  South African Journal of Science, 93 (9). pp. 377-381.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-05-26
    Description: Over the past decade it has been demonstrated unequivocally that the exchange of water masses between the Indian and the Atlantic oceans, south of Africa, is a key component of the global thermohaline circulation cell. This thermohaline circulation plays a large part in controlling global climate. Numerous South African and international studies have now been completed on these water exchanges, but most have concentrated their efforts on the upper water masses. We descriptionbe here an extensive and exciting new venture, called KAPEX, to investigate the movement of water at intermediate depths using sophisticated Lagrangian floats. This research programme is a collaborative effort between research groups from three countries and constitutes the geographically largest oceanographic experiment ever carried out in South African waters. Detailed information on the aims as well as the progress of KAPEX is available on the Internet on the home page http://triton.sea.uct.ac.za
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 2
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    On the discontinuous nature of the Mozambique Current (2012)
    NOAA
    In:  South African Journal of Science, 108 (1/2).
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-01-24
    Description: The concept of a spatially continuous western boundary current in the Mozambique Channel has historically been based on erroneous interpretations of ships’ drift. Recent observations have demonstrated that the circulation in the Channel is instead dominated by anti-cyclonic eddies drifting poleward. It has therefore been suggested that no coherent Mozambique Current exists at any time. However, satellite and other observations indicate that a continuous current – not necessarily an inherent part of Mozambique Eddies – may at times be found along the full Mozambican shelf break. Using a high-resolution, numerical model we have demonstrated how such a feature may come about. In the model, a continuous current is a highly irregularly occurring event, occurring about once per year, with an average duration of only 9 days and with a vertical extent of about 800 m. Surface speeds may vary from 0.5 m/s to 1.5 m/s and the volume flux involved is about 10 Sv. The continuous current may occasionally be important for the transport of biota along the continental shelf and slope.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.4102/sajs.v108i1/2.428
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 3
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    Oceanographic observations of eddies impacting the Prince Edward Islands, South Africa (2010)
    Cambridge Univ. Press
    In:  Antarctic Science, 22 (03). pp. 211-219.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-01-21
    Description: The ecosystem of the isolated Prince Edward Islands, south of the African continent, is strongly impacted by ocean eddies that are associated with the eastward flowing Antarctic Circumpolar Current. Satellite altimetry has revealed that the archipelago lies in a region of enhanced eddy kinetic energy. In the late 1990s it became apparent that in order to understand the influence of these eddies on the islands' ecosystem, the source, trajectory and nature of these eddies needed to be studied and understood. To this end a special research project with a strong ocean-going component was designed, the DEIMEC (Dynamics of Eddy Impact on Marion's ECosystem) programme. In this review we focus on the physical oceanography and summarize the aims, the results and the successes of this South African research initiative. In the vicinity of the Prince Edward Islands, an average of three intense well-defined eddies is observed per year. Their advection speeds are of the order of a few kilometres per day and longevities of 7-11 months. These features, of c. 100 km in diameter and reaching depths of at least 1000 m, transport anomalous water masses across the Polar Frontal Zone.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1017/S0954102010000088
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 4
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    The flow field of the subtropical gyre of the South Indian Ocean (1997)
    AGU (American Geophysical Union)
    In:  Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 102 (C3). pp. 5513-5530.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-09-23
    Description: The mean state of the transport field of the subtropical gyre of the South Indian Ocean has been derived for the upper 1000 m from selected historical hydrographic data. The subtropical gyre in the southwestern Indian Ocean is stronger than the flow in the other two oceans of the southern hemisphere. Most of the water in the South Indian gyre recirculates in the western and central parts of the basin. In the upper 1000 m the eastward transport of the South Indian Ocean Current starts with 60 Sv in the region southeast of South Africa. Between the longitudes of 40° and 50°E about 20 Sv of the 60 Sv recirculates in a southwest Indian subgyre. Another major diversion northward occurs between 60° and 70°E. At 90°E the remaining 20 Sv of the eastward flow splits up, 10 Sv going north to join the westward flow and only 10 Sv continuing in a northeastward direction to move northward near Australia. Near Australia, there is indication of the poleward flowing Leeuwin Current with a transport of 5 Sv. In the central tropical Indian Ocean between 10°S and 20°S, about 15 Sv flows to the west. The western boundary current of this subtropical gyre consists of the Agulhas Current along the east coast of southern Africa. Its mean flow is composed of 25 Sv from east of Madagascar and 35 Sv from recirculation in the southwest Indian subgyre south of Madagascar, with only 5 Sv being contributed from the Mozambique Channel. A net southward transport of 10 Sv results for the upper 1000 m of the South Indian Ocean. In contrast to the triangular shape of the subtropical gyre in the South Atlantic, probably caused by the cross‐equatorial flow into the North Atlantic, the area influenced by the subtropical gyre in the South Indian Ocean is more rectangular.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1029/96JC03455
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
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