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  • 1
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    Detecting methane ebullition on thermokarst lake ice using high resolution optical aerial imagery (2015)
    Copernicus
    In:  EPIC3Biogeosciences Discussions, Copernicus, 12(10), pp. 7449-7490, ISSN: 1810-6285
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-05-28
    Description: Thermokarst lakes are important emitters of methane, a potent greenhouse gas. However, accurate estimation of methane flux from thermokarst lakes is difficult due to their remoteness and observational challenges associated with the heterogeneous nature of ebullition (bubbling). We used multi-temporal high-resolution (9–11 cm) aerial images of an interior Alaskan thermokarst lake, Goldstream Lake, acquired 2 and 4 days following freeze-up in 2011 and 2012, respectively, to characterize methane ebullition seeps and to estimate whole-lake ebullition. Bubbles impeded by the lake ice sheet form distinct white patches as a function of bubbling rate vs. time as ice thickens. Our aerial imagery thus captured in a single snapshot the ebullition events that occurred before the image acquisition. Image analysis showed that low-flux A- and B-type seeps are associated with low brightness patches and are statistically distinct from high-flux C-type and Hotspot seeps associated with high brightness patches. Mean whole-lake ebullition based on optical image analysis in combination with bubble-trap flux measurements was estimated to be 174 ± 28 and 216 ± 33 mL gas m−2 d−1 for the years 2011 and 2012, respectively. A large number of seeps demonstrated spatio-temporal stability over our two-year study period. A strong inverse exponential relationship (R2 ≥ 0.79) was found between percent surface area of lake ice covered with bubble patches and distance from the active thermokarst lake margin. Our study shows that optical remote sensing is a powerful tool to map ebullition seeps on lake ice, to identify their relative strength of ebullition and to assess their spatio-temporal variability.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , notRev
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    PAPER (OA)
  • 2
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    Skills needed in work life: case study of Geoinformatics Master’s program (2023)
    In:  XXVIII General Assembly of the International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-07-03
    Description: What are the skills that we are teaching in our Master’s program in Geoinformatics? How useful those skills are for the new graduates and which skills do they end up using in their working life? What are the skills that the companies that are hiring the new graduates are looking for? As part of renewing our Master’s program we asked our alumni which skills they have found useful in the working life. We also asked a group of our stakeholders to evaluate the same skills for the people they might be hiring. We had a set of predefined skills, both general and field-specific, that we asked the answerers to rate based on their usefulness in the working life. There was also option for commenting the skill set and adding something that was missing. The results show that both groups find the problem-solving skills the most important general skill. For the alumni the other two skills in top three were project management and team-work skills, whereas the people who might be hiring the graduates ranked programming and writing skills above them. From the field-specific skills understanding and implementing theories was the ranked as the most important. Other skills, such as data analysis or management of measuring process, were ranked in varying places depending on the duties of the person answering. Based on the results we are going to critically evaluate our course contents and add components of problem solving and team working where possible.
    Language: English
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject
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    GFZ OAI
  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Infection of Human Endothelial Cells with Staphylococcus aureus Induces Transcription of Genes Encoding an Innate Immunity Response (2005)
    Oxford, UK; Malden, USA : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 61 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Staphylococcus aureus is a gram-positive bacterium frequently isolated from patients with bloodstream infections. Endothelial cells (EC) play an important role in host defence against bacteria, and recent reports have shown that infection of EC with S. aureus induces expression of cytokines and cell surface receptors involved in activating the innate immune response. The ability of S. aureus to invade nonphagocytic cells, including EC, has been documented. However, the knowledge of the role of EC in pathogenesis of S. aureus infection is still limited. In this study, we investigate the gene-expression program in human EC initiated by internalized S. aureus, using microarray analysis. We found 156 genes that were differentially regulated at least threefold, using arrays representing 14,239 genes. Many of the upregulated genes code for proteins involved in innate immunity, such as cytokines, chemokines and cell adhesion proteins. Other upregulated genes encode proteins involved in antigen presentation, cell signalling and metabolism. Furthermore, intracellular bacteria survived for days without inducing EC death.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3083.2005.01597.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Clinical Isolates of Staphylococcus aureus Vary in Ability to Stimulate Cytokine Expression in Human Endothelial Cells (2005)
    Oxford, UK; Malden, USA : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 61 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) were infected for 24 h with 18 well-characterized Staphylococcus aureus isolates, and the supernatants from infected HUVEC were analysed for interleukin (IL)-1β, tumour necrosis factor-alpha, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12p70, growth-related oncogene (GRO)-α, granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and regulated upon activation, normal T cell expressed and secreted (RANTES) by immunoassay. All staphylococcal isolates induced the expression of IL-6, IL-8, GRO-α, GM-CSF and RANTES. The magnitude of cytokine expression varied between isolates. Staphylococcus aureus inducing high expression of one of these cytokines also showed simultaneous high expression of the other four, indicating a common mechanism for the ability of individual S. aureus to induce expression of these cytokines. No direct correlation between cytokine expression and adhesion of S. aureus to HUVEC was observed, indicating that bacterial properties besides adhesion contribute to the activation of HUVEC.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0300-9475.2005.01526.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Interactions of bacteria with extracellular matrix proteins
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Cell Differentiation and Development 32 (1990), S. 433-438 
    Details
    ISSN: 0922-3371
    Keywords: Adhesin ; Collagen receptor ; Fibronectin ; Ligand
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0922-3371(90)90060-A
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Early detection of endocrine pancreatic tumors in men-1 - a clinical benefit of a standardized meal stimulatory test
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Journal of Steroid Biochemistry 28 (1987), S. 38 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-4731
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0022-4731(87)91210-6
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nicotine gum use in the first year of the lung health study
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Addictive Behaviors 18 (1993), S. 491-502 
    Details
    ISSN: 0306-4603
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Medicine , Psychology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0306-4603(93)90066-I
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Significance of operator experience in diagnostic accuracy of biopsy gun biopsies (1994)
    Springer
    European radiology 4 (1994), S. 430-433 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1084
    Keywords: Biopsies ; Technology ; Kidney biopsy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A total of 175 consecutive patients who had undergone a renal biopsy with a biopsy gun were evaluated retrospectively to assess the diagnostic accuracy rate of radiologists with varying experience in biopsy procedures. No statistically significant difference was found between the different operators. If provided with detailed instruction even operators with a limited amount of experience produced biopsy results equal to those of experienced operators. The automated sampling character of the biopsy gun, with a consistently high diagnostic sampling rate (96%), is believed to be responsible for these results. In a subgroup of 27 patients diagnostic accuracy was not found to be reduced in overweight patients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00212816
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cloning, sequencing, and characterization of a gene (narT) encoding a transport protein involved in dissimilatory nitrate reduction in Staphylococcus carnosus (1997)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 166 (1997), S. 361-367 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Key wordsStaphylococcus carnosus ; Tn917 insertion mutant ; Nitrate uptake ; Nitrite export
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A Tn917 mutant of Staphylococcus carnosus TM300, nrIII, was isolated and characterized. Mutant nrIII did not take up nitrate or accumulate nitrite when grown in B-medium supplemented with up to 10 mM nitrate under anoxic conditions; however, it displayed wild-type levels of benzyl Δ viologen-linked nitrate reductase activity. Cultivated in B-medium with nitrate under oxic conditions, mutant nrIII accumulated fivefold less nitrite than the wild-type. The mutation in S. carnosus nrIII could be complemented with a 2-kb chromosomal EcoRI-HpaI fragment from the wild-type. The gene affected by transposon insertion in mutant nrIII was cloned and sequenced. Analysis of the deduced amino acid sequence revealed that this gene, designated narT, encodes a highly hydrophobic 42-kDa transmembrane protein of 388 amino acids and shows similarities to transport proteins that play a role in nitrate import or nitrite export. The inability of nrIII to take up nitrate under anoxic conditions and its ability to take up and accumulate nitrite in the presence of benzyl viologen, a nitrate ionophore, under the same conditions suggest that NarT represents a transport protein required for nitrate uptake under anoxic conditions in S. carnosus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01682980
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genes required for pathogenicity and hypersensitivity are conserved and interchangeable among pathovars of Pseudomonas syringae (1988)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 211 (1988), S. 499-506 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Keywords: Pathogenicity ; Hypersensitive reaction ; Racespecific incompatibility
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary A group of pathogenicity genes was previously identified in Pseudomonas syringae pv. phaseolicola which controls the ability of the pathogen to cause disease on bean and to elicit the hypersensitive response on non-host plants. These genes, designated hrp, are located in a ca. 20 kb region which was referred to as the hrp cluster. Homologous sequences to DNA segments derived from this region were detected in several pathovars of P. syringae but not in symbiotic, saprophytic or other phytopathogenic bacteria. A Tn5-induced Hrp- mutation was transferred from P. syringae pv. phaseolicola to P. syringae pv. tabaci and to three races of P. syringae pv. glycinea by marker exchange mutagenesis. The resulting progeny were phenotypically Hrp-, i.e. no longer pathogenic on their respective hosts and unable to elicit the hypersensitive response on non-host plants. These mutants were restored to wild-type phenotype upon introduction of a recombinant plasmid carrying the corresponding wild-type locus from P. syringae pv. phaseolicola. The marker exchange mutants of P. syringae pv. glycinea psg0 and Psg5 which carry different avr genes for race specific avirulence did not elicit a hypersensitive response on incompatible soybean cultivars. It appears, therefore, that P. syringae pathovars possess common genes for pathogenicity which also control their interaction with non-host plants. Furthermore, the expression of race/cultivar specific incompatibility of P. syringae pv. glycinea requires a fully functional hrp region in addition to the avr genes which determine avirulence on single-gene differential cultivars of soybean.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00425707
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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