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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Creation of a New Technical Information Center for a Diversified Chemical Corporation (1968)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of chemical documentation 8 (1968), S. 60-66 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5142
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/c160029a003
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ductal Carcinoma In Situ: The Impact of Screening on Clinical Presentation and Pathologic Features (1998)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Inc
    The @breast journal 4 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1524-4741
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: It has been suggested that mammographic screening may produce an overdiagnosis bias leading to unnecessary treatment for inconsequential ductal-carcinomain-situ lesions. To assess the malignant potential of ductal carcinoma in situ, we compared pathologic features and presentation of ductal carcinoma in situ in patients treated before (1969–1985) and after (1986–1990) the intensified use of screening at our institution.We reviewed 204 cases of ductal carcinoma in situ in patients treated between 1969 and 1990. Histologic slides were available for 145 patients. Pathologic features evaluated included histologic subtype and nuclear grade.When the prescreening era was compared with the postscreening era, the incidence of palpable mass decreased from 54% to 12%, ductal discharge decreased from 14% to 3%, Paget's disease decreased from 10% to 3%, and mammographically detected lesions increased from 19% to 80%. The incidence of comedo subtype increased from 14% to 36% (p = 0.0195). Seven percent of palpable masses and 38% of mammographically detected ductal-carcinoma-in-situ lesions were of the comedo subtype, which presented almost exclusively as a mammographic abnormality (p 〈 0.0015). Grade 1 lesions decreased from 38% to 28%, and grade 3 lesions increased from 24% to 33%. Palpable masses tended to be lower grades and mammographically detected lesions tended to be higher grades.The malignant potential of mammographically detected lesions as determined by grade and histologic subtype is greater than that of symptomatic ductal carcinoma in situ. Mode of presentation does not appear to be a useful prognostic factor. Mammographically detected ductal carcinoma in situ is not an inconsequential finding and should not be treated as such.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1524-4741.1998.430146.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    VENTILATORY MANAGEMENT OF THE PULMONARY BURN (1968)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 150 (1968), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Notes: Ventilatory management begins with a consideration of the requirements for gas exchange. The impaired ventilatory apparatus may adequately cope with resting demands for gas exchange, but may be unable to meet the requirements of increased metabolism.Resting hypermetabolism may be particularly severe in the burn patient. This hypermetabolism with its increased rates of gas exchange places severe prolonged demands on ventilation.Measurements of blood gas tensions and gas exchange describe the balance between cardiopulmonary supply and tissue need for gas exchange. This balance becomes more evident when gas tension and gas exchange are considered respectively as intensive and extensive properties of the same system. The hazard to the burn patient of elevation in gas exchange, cardiac output and heat loss may be unsuspected when only measuring intensive variables such as gas tensions.The specificity of the failure of oxygenation as the ultimate functional lesion of the pulmonary burn has been described.Asepsis, chest physiotherapy, airway humidification and quantitation of ventilator and oxygen therapy have been emphasized in the successful management of the severe pulmonary burn.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1968.tb14726.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Diet and the evolution of human amylase gene copy number variation (2007)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature genetics 39 (2007), S. 1256-1260 
    Details
    ISSN: 1546-1718
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: [Auszug] Starch consumption is a prominent characteristic of agricultural societies and hunter-gatherers in arid environments. In contrast, rainforest and circum-arctic hunter-gatherers and some pastoralists consume much less starch. This behavioral variation raises the possibility that different selective ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ng2123
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The hydrography of the North Sea. A review of our knowledge in relation to pollution problems (1968)
    Springer
    Helgoland marine research 17 (1968), S. 44-63 
    Details
    ISSN: 1438-3888
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary 1. The development of the various theories of diffusion processes in the open sea are reviewed with particular reference to work in the North Sea. 2. The stages by which our present knowledge of the residual current system of the region has been built up are discussed. 3. A detailed discussion follows of the methods by which current measurements of one kind or another have been made at various points in the water column and the use to which these measurements have been put. 4. An outline is given of the way in which we feel future work in this field must develop.
    Notes: Kurzfassung Diese Einführung vermittelt einen Überblick über die Entwicklung der verschiedenen Theorien über Diffusionsvorgänge im offenen Meer mit besonderer Beachtung der Nordsee. Die einzelnen Phasen in der Erarbeitung unserer Kenntnisse über das System der Restströme werden diskutiert. Ausführlich werden die Methoden, die für Strommessungen in verschiedenen Horizonten der Wasserkörper benutzt werden sowie ihre Anwendungsmöglichkeiten erörtert. Die Hauptrichtungen zukünftiger hydrographischer Arbeiten in der Nordsee werden skizziert.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01611211
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Abnormalp53 immunoreactivity and prognosis in node-negative breast carcinomas with long-term follow-up (1992)
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 421 (1992), S. 291-295 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: p53 gene ; Breast carcinoma ; Prognosis ; Immunocytochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The expression of thep53 gene product was investigated immunocytochemically in a retrospective series of 164 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded invasive breast carcinomas with pathologically proven negative lymph nodes. Overall, 78 tumors (48%) showed a variable degree ofp53 immunoreactivity. Among these, 38 cases were low expressors (1–10%p53 immunoreactive tumor cells), 21 moderate expressors (10–50% immunoreactive cells) and 19 high expressors (〉 50% immunoreactive cells). Abnormalp53 expression correlated significantly with tumor size, histological and nuclear grade, DNA ploidy, mitotic rate and proliferation index, and with the lack of estrogen receptors. Disease-free and adjusted survival analysis of the 124 node-negative patients with long term (more than 10 years) follow-up, however, did not reveal an independent prognostic role for p53 expression. These data suggest that the evaluation ofp53 immunoreactivity may only play a role in a multiparametric prognostic assessment of node-negative breast carcinoma.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01660975
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stability of Alkoxycarbonylamidine Prodrugs (1998)
    Springer
    Pharmaceutical research 15 (1998), S. 434-441 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-904X
    Keywords: peptidomimetic stability ; alkoxycarbonylamidine ; ester ; prodrug ; pH-rate profile ; GPIIbIIIa
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Purpose. Alkoxycarbonylamidine prodrug modification was used to mask the positively-charged amidine moiety of an Arg-Gly-Asp pepti-domimetic and enhance oral bioavailability. The aqueous stability of ethoxycarbonylamidine (EGA), ethanethiocarbonylamidine (ETCA) and phenoxycarbonylamidine (PCA) prodrugs was examined. Methods. Degradation was followed by RP-HPLC and rate constants were determined from a degradation scheme defined by product analysis. Results. EGA gave a pH of maximum stability at pH ∼7 and was independent of pH below pH ∼4. A novel degradation pathway of EGA, conversion to ethoxycarbonyl- aminocarbonyl, was observed below pH 7. The relative rates below pH 7 were ECA~ETCA〈PCA, in the same order of decreasing pKa of the conjugate acid of the substituted amidino group. Base-catalyzed cleavage of EGA to yield the amidine derivative gave the relative rates ECA〈ETCA〈PCA, in agreement with the decreasing pKa of the leaving groups. Conclusions. The observed rate constants at all pHs were small enough that only 5-30% (depending on the substituent) undesirable degradation is predicted during transit time of the gut. The spontaneous post-absorptive conversion to the amidine drugs at neutral pH is predicted to be 6x greater for the PCA than the EGA prodrugs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1011928415808
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Spontaneous neurite outgrowth and vasoactive intestinal peptide-Iike immunoreactivity of cultures of human paraganglioma cells from the glomus jugulare (1981)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 219 (1981), S. 543-555 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Glomus jugulare tumor ; Paraganglioma ; Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide ; Neuroplasticity, neurite
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The chief cells of paraganglionic tissues have morphological and functional similarities to adrenal chromaffin cells, and both cell types are derived from the neural crest. In the present investigation cells from two glomus jugulare paragangliomas were studied in culture. Approximately 50% of the cells from one tumor, and 7% from the other spontaneously formed neurite-like processes. Numerous granular and agranular synaptic-like vesicles also appeared in the process-forming cells. In contrast to findings with normal and neoplastic adrenal chromaffin cells, addition of nerve growth factor (NGF) to the culture medium had no major effects on proportion of cells with processes. Dexamethasone caused only a small decrease in process length. Culturing of the tumors also appeared to promote production of material with VIP-like immunoreactivity. It is concluded that the phenotype of paraganglioma as well as pheochromocytoma cells may be altered in vitro. Responsiveness to specific factors such as NGF or steroids, however, may vary for related tumor cell types in different anatomic locations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00209993
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Silver colloid surface Raman spectra of phenylpropanolamine and its derivative (1991)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Raman Spectroscopy 22 (1991), S. 191-196 
    Details
    ISSN: 0377-0486
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The silver colloid surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) spectrum of phenylpropanolamine (PPA) and the surface-enhanced resonance Raman scattering (SERRS) spectrum of the PPA-ninhydrin reaction product were studied. It was found that the spectral intensity varied with time, and the rate of the variation was related to the PPA concentration. From scanning electron microscopic photographs taken at different times, the SERS intensity appeared to be correlated with the coagulation of silver particles. Temperature was found to be another factor that would change the kinetic rate of the coagulation. Addition of potassium chloride served effectively to activate the surface-enhanced effect and to reduce the time required to reach maximum intensity. The rate of activation was found to be dependent on the concentration.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jrs.1250220310
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Surface-enhanced Raman spectra using silver-coated paper substratesTaken in part from the PhD Thesis of Arthur S. L. Lee, which was submitted to the Department of Chemistry in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the PhD degree, May 1992. (1994)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Raman Spectroscopy 25 (1994), S. 209-214 
    Details
    ISSN: 0377-0486
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Because of the importance of developing an active substrate for surface-enhanced Raman (SER) spectroscopic applications, a silver-coated filter-paper substrate was prepared for surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SRS) by using a chemical reduction method at room temperature. Optimization of the silver deposition time was achieved by using p-nitrophenol (PNP) as an analyte. Its performance as an SERS-active substrate was tested using PNP, p-chlorobenzoic acid, m-chlorobenzoic acid and o-chlorobenzoic acid. To overcome the problem of low enhancement when a dipping method was adopted for sample applications, a silver-coated alumina-based substrate was prepared. The new substrate was found to exhibit strong SERS with both the solution and the dipping methods for sample applications of PNP. Using the new substrate, the limit of detection for methyl red was estimated to be 3 ng ml-1.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jrs.1250250304
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