Anmerkung: Description based upon print version of record

Anmerkung: Intro -- Preface -- Contents -- Chapter 1: Introduction: Listening in the Ocean -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.2 Early History -- 1.3 The Anatomy of Modern Autonomous Remote Underwater Acoustic Recorders -- 1.4 Examples of Three Early PARs -- 1.4.1 Cornel Pop-Ups -- 1.4.2 Scripps HARP -- 1.4.3 HIMB/PIFSC Ecological Acoustic Recorder (EAR) -- 1.5 Acoustic Recording Tags -- 1.5.1 The Bioacoustic Probe/Accusonde -- 1.5.2 Digital Acoustic Recording Tag: D-tag -- 1.5.3 A-Tag -- 1.6 Discussion -- 1.6.1 Current State of Development -- 1.6.2 Organization of This Book -- References -- Chapter 2: A Review of Blue Whale Studies from HARUphones in the Pacific -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Haruphone Deployments -- 2.3 Studying Blue Whales with Passive Acoustic Monitoring -- 2.4 Key Findings -- References -- Chapter 3: Long-Term Monitoring of Cetaceans Using Autonomous Acoustic Recording Packages -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Blue and Fin Whales -- 3.3 North Pacific Right Whales -- 3.4 Bryde's Whales -- 3.5 Dolphins -- 3.6 Beaked Whales -- 3.7 Tracking Cetacean -- 3.8 Summary -- References -- Chapter 4: From Shrimp to Whales: Biological Applications of Passive Acoustic Monitoring on a Remote Pacific Coral Reef -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Methods and Results -- 4.2.1 Frequency Band Analysis -- 4.2.2 Parrotfish Analysis -- 4.2.3 Cetacean Analysis -- 4.2.3.1 Dolphins -- 4.2.3.2 Humpback Whales -- 4.2.3.3 Minke Whales -- 4.3 Discussion -- References -- Chapter 5: Studying the Biosonar Activities of Deep Diving Odontocetes in Hawaii and Other Western Pacific Locations -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Identifying Odontocete Species by Their Biosonar Signals -- 5.3 Marine Mammal Monitoring on Navy Ranges (M3R) Software -- 5.3.1 Independent Validation Test of M3R -- 5.4 Deployment of Deep EARs in Western Pacific -- 5.5 Daily Pattern of Biosonar Detections. , 5.5.1 Off the Island of Kauai -- 5.5.2 Off Okinawa and in the Marianas -- 5.5.3 Diurnal Pattern Biosonar Detections -- 5.6 Percentage of Biosonar Signals by the Different Species -- 5.7 Seasonal Variations of Foraging -- 5.8 Discussion and Conclusions -- 5.8.1 Occurrence -- 5.8.2 Relative Abundance -- 5.8.3 Diurnal Variation -- 5.9 Closing Remarks -- References -- Chapter 6: Environmental Acoustic Recording System (EARS) in the Gulf of Mexico -- 6.1 Littoral Acoustic Demonstration Center (LADC) -- 6.2 Environmental Acoustic Recording System (EARS) Buoys -- Cost of EARS buoys -- 6.3 LADC Marine Mammal Acoustic Experiments -- 6.4 Click Structure Analysis and Sperm Whale Identification -- 6.4.1 Click Structure Analysis -- 6.5 Cadence Frequency Analysis and Identification of Individual Clicking Whales -- 6.6 Identification of Individual Whales from Click Properties by Clustering -- 6.7 Click Change Detection -- 6.8 Passive Acoustic Localization -- 6.9 Identification Cues and Their Integration -- 6.10 Sperm Whale Coda Classification and Repertoire Analysis -- 6.10.1 Location -- 6.10.2 Classification and Repertoire Identification -- 6.11 Statistical Modeling and Population Estimation -- 6.11.1 Modeling Acoustic Data -- 6.11.2 Estimating Population Density -- 6.12 Summary -- References -- Chapter 7: Listening to Echolocation Clicks with PODs -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.1.1 Filling a Gap: Origin and Design of PODs -- 7.1.2 Towing a POD -- 7.1.3 Static Acoustic Monitors: SAMs -- 7.1.4 Echolocation Click Train Detection: T-PODs -- 7.1.5 Covering the Frequency Range: C-PODs -- 7.1.6 Black Boxes -- 7.1.7 The Needle and the Haystack -- 7.1.8 Pattern Recognition -- 7.2 Working with Cetacean Echolocation -- 7.2.1 Detection Thresholds and Functions -- 7.2.2 Inferring Behaviour from POD Data -- 7.2.3 Landmark Sequences -- 7.2.4 Multipath Clusters. , 7.3 Noise and Worse: Shrimps, Sand, Storms, Sonars and WUTS -- 7.3.1 Shrimps -- 7.3.2 Sediment Transport -- 7.3.3 Masking Cetacean Sonar -- 7.3.4 Storms -- 7.3.5 Chorusing -- 7.3.6 Chinks and Chunks -- 7.3.7 Interference -- 7.3.8 Unsupervised Assessment -- 7.3.9 Acoustic Doppler Current Profilers and Fish Tags -- 7.3.10 Boat Sonars -- 7.3.11 Weak Unknown Train Sources: WUTS -- 7.4 Research Using PODs -- 7.4.1 By-Catch and Pinger Studies -- 7.4.2 Estimating Trends in the Vaquita Population -- 7.4.3 Porpoises in the German Baltic -- 7.4.4 Porpoises in the Wider Baltic -- 7.4.5 Hector's Dolphin, New Zealand -- 7.4.6 White Whales -- 7.4.7 Heaviside's Dolphin, Cephalorhynchus heavisidii -- 7.4.8 Deep Divers: Deep C-PODs -- 7.4.9 Marine Offshore Industries -- 7.4.10 Harbour Porpoises and Bottlenose Dolphins -- 7.4.11 Seismic Survey Impacts -- 7.4.12 Acoustic Behaviour Around Fishing Gear -- 7.4.13 Acoustic Behaviour in River Dolphins -- 7.4.14 Porpoise Communication -- 7.5 Future Directions -- References -- Chapter 8: PALAOA: The Perennial Acoustic Observatory in the Antarctic Ocean- Real-­Time Eavesdropping on the Antarctic Underwater Soundscape -- 8.1 Introduction and Motivation -- 8.2 Environmental Conditions -- 8.3 Challenges and Design -- 8.4 Data Management and Analysis -- 8.5 Results -- 8.5.1 Selected Research Highlights: Ambient Noise -- 8.5.2 Leopard Seals -- 8.5.3 Pinniped Vocal Behavior -- 8.5.4 Pinniped Vocal Repertoire -- 8.5.5 Cetacean Presence -- References -- Chapter 9: Listening for Whales at the Station ALOHA Cabled Observatory -- 9.1 Station ALOHA -- 9.1.1 What Is the Station ALOHA Cabled Observatory? -- 9.1.2 History of the ACO -- 9.1.3 ACO Hydrophones -- 9.2 Baleen Whales at the ACO -- 9.2.1 Characteristics of Baleen Whale Sounds Recorded at the ACO -- 9.2.2 Automatic Detection of Sounds Produced by Baleen Whales. , 9.2.3 Baleen Whales at the ACO -- 9.3 Discussion -- References -- Chapter 10: Findings from U.S. Navy Hydrophone Ranges -- 10.1 Overview -- 10.2 Passive Acoustic Monitoring System -- 10.3 Characterizing Beaked Whale Sound Emissions -- 10.4 Measuring Population Level Disturbance -- 10.5 Beaked Whale Passive Acoustic Density Estimation -- 10.6 A Passive Acoustic Method for Measuring Risk to Behavioral Disruption -- 10.7 Lessons learned -- References -- Chapter 11: Pinniped Sounds in the Polar Oceans -- 11.1 Introduction -- 11.1.1 Polar Pinniped Life History -- 11.1.2 State of Knowledge Prior to 2000 -- 11.1.2.1 Antarctic Phocids -- 11.1.2.2 Arctic Phocids -- 11.1.2.3 Polar Otariids -- 11.1.2.4 Walrus -- 11.2 Evolution of Autonomous Passive Acoustic Monitoring Systems in Polar Regions -- 11.3 Polar Pinnipeds and Autonomous PAM: New Insights -- 11.3.1 Information Gained by Long-Term Deployments of Single Elements or Sparse Arrays -- 11.3.1.1 Case Study: Antarctic Phocids -- 11.3.1.2 Case Study: Sub-Arctic Phocids and Walrus -- 11.3.1.3 Case Study: Arctic Phocids -- 11.3.2 Information Gained from Autonomous Acoustic Arrays -- 11.3.2.1 Case Study: Arctic Bearded Seals -- 11.4 Future Challenges -- References -- Table References -- Chapter 12: Listening in the Ocean: New Discoveries and Insights on Marine Life from Autonomous Passive Acoustic Recorders -- 12.1 Fish Sound Production -- 12.2 Fish Passive Acoustic Monitoring -- 12.2.1 Mobile Hydrophone Monitoring -- 12.2.2 Patterns of Fish Sound Production Using Fixed Recorders -- 12.2.3 Ocean Observatories -- 12.2.4 Hydrophone Arrays -- 12.2.5 Autonomous Gliders -- 12.2.6 Combining Fixed Autonomous Recorders and Gliders -- 12.3 Future Research -- 12.3.1 Technologies to Identify Sound Producing Species and Behavior during Sound Production. , 12.3.2 Quantification of Fish Numbers and Spawning Using Passive Acoustics -- 12.3.3 Automated Identification of Fish Sounds -- References -- Chapter 13: Passive Acoustic Monitoring in Benthic Marine Crustaceans: A New Research Frontier -- 13.1 Introduction -- 13.2 Decapod Crustacean Sounds -- 13.3 Stomatopod Crustacean Sounds -- References -- Chapter 14: A Multiplatform Ultrasonic Event Recorder for Tagging, Towing, and Stationed Monitoring of Odontocetes -- 14.1 Overview of Acoustic Tag (A-tag) -- 14.2 Specifications -- 14.2.1 Hardware -- 14.2.2 Multiplatform System -- 14.3 Findings -- 14.3.1 Porpoises Scan Ahead -- 14.3.2 Scanning Sonar of Rolling Porpoises -- 14.3.3 Acoustic Transect -- 14.3.4 Tide, Light, Prey, and Porpoises -- 14.4 Summary -- References -- Chapter 15: Signal Processing -- 15.1 Introduction -- 15.2 Filtering -- 15.3 Detection and Classification -- 15.3.1 Conditioning -- 15.4 Detection Methods -- 15.4.1 Detection Function Processing -- 15.4.2 Classification -- 15.4.3 What Is the Right Type of Classifier? -- 15.4.4 Nonparametric Classifiers -- 15.4.5 Parametric Classifiers -- 15.4.6 Unsupervised Learning -- 15.4.7 Evaluating Classifier Performance -- 15.5 Localization -- 15.5.1 Compact Hydrophone Arrays -- 15.5.2 Widely Spaced Hydrophone Arrays -- 15.5.3 Nonhomogeneous Sound Speed -- 15.5.4 Establishing Time-of-Arrival Differences -- 15.5.5 Reflection Methods -- 15.5.6 Error Estimates -- 15.5.7 Other Approaches -- 15.6 Software -- 15.6.1 Ishmael (http://www.bioacoustics.us/ishmael.html) -- 15.6.2 PAMGUARD (http://www.pamguard.org) -- 15.6.3 XBAT (http://www.xbat.org) -- 15.6.4 Additional Software Packages -- 15.6.5 General Pattern Recognition Software -- 15.7 Future Directions -- References -- Index.