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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Carbodiimide-mediated covalent attachment of lysine to wheat gluten and its apparent digestibility by penaeid shrimp (1995)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 43 (1995), S. 733-737 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5118
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jf00051a032
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Apparent Digestible Energy Coefficients and Associative Effects in Practical Diets for Red Swamp Crayfish (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of the World Aquaculture Society 20 (1989), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1749-7345
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Adult red swamp crayfish (Procambarus clarkii) were held in fecal collection chambers and fed common feedstuffs in two different types of diets, as the sole feedstuff and as a 30% substitution in a reference diet. Feedstuffs tested were soybean meal, peanut meal, wheat shorts, cooked corn, menhaden fish meal, and shrimp-head meal. Feed consumption, apparent digestible dry matter, and energy coefficients were determined for feedstuffs when fed in both diets. Addition of menhaden fish meal, shrimp-head meal, and peanut meal in the reference diet resulted in decreased consumption, and menhaden fish meal was poorly digested when incorporated at 30% in the reference diet. Apparent dry matter and energy digestion coefficients Indicated that plant feedstuffs have greater potential as ingredients in crayfish diets than feedstuffs of animal origin. Differences in consumption and digestibility between the two types of diet were observed. Therefore, it appears that the associative effects of additions of feedstuffs in diets should be considered when formulating crayfish feeds.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-7345.1989.tb00565.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Use of the Nematode Panagrellus redivivus as an Artemia Replacement in a Larval Penaeid Diet (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of the World Aquaculture Society 20 (1989), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1749-7345
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Penueus vannumei larvae (P2 through M3) and early postlarvae (〈24 h old postlarva) were fed diets consisting of algae-only, nematodes (Panugrellus redivivus) plus algae or Artemia plus algae. Growth (dry biomass gain) of second and third stage protozoea larvae fed the nematodealgae diet was significantly better than that of larvae fed the Artemia-algae diet. From the first mysis through the postlarval substage (〈24 h old), growth of shrimp fed the nematodealgae diet equalled that of larvae fed the Artemia-algae diet. All larval substages fed nematodes plus algae accumulated significantly greater biomass than those fed a diet of only algae. Survival and percent metamorphosis of larvae fed nematodes plus algae did not differ significantly from that of larvae fed either Artemia plus algae or algae alone. A nematodealgae feeding regime, which potentially yields growth, survival and metamorphosis equal to that obtained on the standard Artemia plus algae regime, is proposed for P. vannamei.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-7345.1989.tb00525.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stocking Strategies and an Investment Analysis for Producing Penaeus setiferus as a Live Bait-Shrimp on the Texas Gulf Coast (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of the World Aquaculture Society 20 (1989), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1749-7345
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: An economic and investment analysis was performed to determine the viability of bait-shrimp farming in Texas. A single pond analysis producing 5–5.5g shrimp always had higher returns above selected cost (RASC) than producing 4–4.5g shrimp. Stocking 0.01g shrimp had a higher RASC than stocking 0.25g, 0.50g or 0.75g shrimp. In the 20 pond analysis, which accounted for marketing considerations, stocking 0.25g shrimp had the highest RASC. The investment analysis, assuming average management, was declared bankrupt by the end of the fifth year. Under “excellent” management the internal rate of return was only 11.7%. It is unlikely that bait-shrimp farming will become a viable industry in Texas in the near future.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-7345.1989.tb00526.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Production Costs of Juvenile Penaeid Shrimp in an Intensive Greenhouse Raceway Nursery System (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of the World Aquaculture Society 19 (1988), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1749-7345
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: This analysis compared the use of an intensive nursery raceway system with direct stocking of post-larval shrimp into growout ponds. The intensive raceway system allows two crops to be produced in Texas where only one crop is feasible with direct stocking. Both investment and operational costs are analyzed for three types of greenhouses and three types of raceways where the types vary in cost and lengths of life. Three growout pond stocking densities and two farm sizes were evaluated for each combination of greenhouse and raceway type. Investment costs ranged from $142,000 for the small farm using the least expensive greenhouse and raceway and utilizing the lowest stocking density, to about $2.3 million for the large farm using the most expensive greenhouse and raceway and the highest stocking density in the growout ponds. The operational cost was $7.60 and $9.71 respectively per 1,000 one gram juveniles produced. Under technology available at the time of this analysis, direct stocking growout ponds with PIS and producing one crop per year is more profitable than stocking one gram juveniles and producing two crops per year on the Texas coast.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-7345.1988.tb00943.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Protein and energy digestibility and gonad development of the European sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus (Lamarck) fed algal and prepared diets during spring and fall (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Aquaculture research 36 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2109
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Protein and energy are two of the main limiting factors for sea urchin growth. However, the requirement of daily protein and energy to maximize gonadal production is still unknown. Paracentrotus lividus were fed three experimental diets: Ulva lactuca, Gracilaria conferta and a prepared diet for 2 months in the fall of 1999 and spring of 2000. Sea urchins from a laboratory-cultured population of equal age, weight and test diameter were used. Apparent digestibility coefficients (ADC%) for protein and energy, using acid-insoluble ash as a marker, were measured for all experimental diets. Apparent digestibility coefficients for protein was high (〉75%) for all diets. Energy digestibility varied among the diets and was lowest for G. conferta (50–62%). The three diets contained varying digestible protein (DP) to digestible energy (DE) ratios of 25, 26 and 12 mg kJ−1 for U. lactuca, G. conferta and the prepared diet respectively. Digestible protein intake was similar for all treatments, but DE intake was greater for sea urchins fed the prepared diet in both seasons. As a result, the gonad production was significantly higher for urchins fed the prepared diet, suggesting that energy was limiting in the algal diets. Paracentrotus lividus spawned during the spring experiment, resulting in protein loss in all treatments. Protein loss was lowest in the sea urchins fed the prepared diet. Enhanced gonadal growth and gamete development of P. lividus resulted from the higher dietary energy content of the prepared diet.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2109.2005.01306.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Replacement of fresh dietary components by a dry feed for successful maturation of male Litopenaeus vannamei (Boone) broodstock (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Aquaculture research 33 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2109
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2109.2002.00765.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Changes in lipid class and fatty acid composition of adult male Litopenaeus vannamei (Boone) in response to culture temperature and food deprivation (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Aquaculture research 34 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2109
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: The effects of culture temperature and food deprivation on lipid class and fatty acid composition of adult male Litopenaeus vannamei (Boone) were investigated. Shrimp were maintained in recirculating seawater systems at temperatures of 26 and 32°C and fed 75% dry commercial feed and 25% fresh-frozen squid for 42 days. Additionally, groups of fed and non-fed shrimp were maintained at 26°C for 17 days. In shrimp fed at either 26 or 32°C, polar lipids were the main constituents of total identified lipid classes in muscle tissue (66–71%), while neutral lipids were more abundant in hepatopancreas (82–88%). Higher levels of triglycerides were observed in lipids of shrimp hepatopancreas kept at 32°C, but no other lipid class was affected by temperature. A significantly higher proportion of 22:6n-3 was consistent in muscle and hepatopancreas polar and neutral lipids of shrimp maintained at 26°C. In response to food deprivation, the amount of polar lipids, but not neutral lipids, was reduced by approximately 28% in muscle tissue, whereas all lipid reserves were almost depleted in the hepatopancreas. The variable consumption of some individual fatty acids was observed in polar and neutral lipids of both tissues.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2109.2003.00931.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fertilization and Development of Eggs of the Sea Urchin Lytechinus variegatus Maintained on an Extruded Feed (2000)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of the World Aquaculture Society 31 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1749-7345
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Sea urchin eggs are used extensively as models for studies in developmental and molecular biology. Developing aquaculture techniques and facilities for sea urchins would facilitate their use for this purpose and for production of young sea urchins for stock enhancement. A basic requirement for the aqua-culture of sea urchins is the availability of a feed that predictably produces eggs of a consistent, high quality. We tested an extruded feed with Lyrechinus variegatus for this purpose. Lytechinus variegatus (mean horizontal diameter 55 mm, 75 g wet weight) were collected in April 1998. Nine individuals were maintained in each of four aquaria with closed, recirculating filtered sea water. They were fed approximately 1 g extruded feedindividual per week. All feed was consumed. The mean weight of the sea urchins changed little with this feeding regime. The sea urchins spawned spontaneously on a monthly basis during water changes. Four females in February and one in March were spawned by injection with potassium chloride. Fertilization was 99–100% successful in each case. Egg diameters from these spawnings and a spontaneous spawning in April ranged from 102 × 6 to 128 × 1 μm. Gastrulation occurred in 〈20 h and metamorphosis after 22 to 37 d. Newly metamorphosed juveniles ranged in size from 435 × 38 to 473 × 56 μm. Egg size, larval size, the chronology of embryonic and larval development, and size of newly metamorphosed juveniles are similar to those obtained from field individuals reported in the literature. These results indicate that a predictable production of high quality eggs by sea urchins under controlled conditions in the laboratory with a prepared feed is feasible.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-7345.2000.tb00358.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evaluation of the Dietary Iron Requirement of Penaeus vannamei (1992)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of the World Aquaculture Society 23 (1992), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1749-7345
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the dietary iron requirement of juvenile Penaeus vunnamei. Prior to initiation of 28 day (Experiment I) and 35 day (Experiment II) feeding trials, 17–20day-old postlarvae were fed the basal diet lacking iron supplementation but containing 12 mg Fe/kg for seven days. After conditioning, juvenile shrimp (mean weight: 0.038 g Experiment I, 0.047 g Experiment II) were fed one of four diets supplemented with 0, 20, 40 or 80 mg Fe/kg from ferrous sulfate heptahydrate. Final weight gain of shrimp ranged from 1.03 to 1.28 g in Experiment I and 1.62 to 1.94 g in Experiment II. Although percent weight gain was in excess of 2700% in Experiment I and 3400% in Experiment II, there were no significant differences in growth or survival of shrimp fed the different levels of iron. Iron levels of the hepatopancreas and carapace increased linearly with dietary iron; however, there were no significant differences in the iron content of muscle tissue. Based on these results, the iron content of the basal diet appeared to satisfy physiological needs of the shrimp. Therefore, practical diets containing protein sources of animal origin which are rich in iron should not require iron supplementation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-7345.1992.tb00746.x
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