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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evaluation of Naturally-Occurring Organisms as Food for Juvenile Crayfish Procambarus clarkii (1992)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of the World Aquaculture Society 23 (1992), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1749-7345
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Nutritionally important food items for crayfish have been difficult to identify and little information exists for third instar (first-feeding) crayfish. In this study, three major groups of potentially-important foods were fed to communally-reared third instar crayfish (Procambarus clarkii) and weight gain and survival were measured over a 30 day period. Mean weight gain (% increase) of crayfish fed the zooplankton Daphnia magna alone or in combination with other food items, ranged 2, 277–3, 239%, while mean weight gain of crayfish fed unidentified aquatic bacteria, the aquatic macrophyte Myriophyllum spicatus, combinations of bacteria and plant, or a negative control ranged 254–767%. No significant interaction of food items was detected. Bacteria appear to be a utilizable nutritional source for juvenile crayfish, but, using the methods employed in this study, do not support maximum rates of weight gain. Thus, pond management strategies that maximize zooplankton populations at the time of crayfish hatching might be beneficial.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-7345.1992.tb00771.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Microbial sulfate reduction in acidic (pH 3) strip-mine lakes (1990)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 73 (1990), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract 35SO4 reduction was detected in slurries of sediments obtained from Reservoir 29 (pH 3.8) and Lake B (pH 6.2), two acid strip-mine lakes in Indiana. The rates varied seasonally and were higher in summer and fall than in the spring. The optimal pH for sulfate reduction in Reservoir 29 sediments was 5, but samples had increased activity at pH 7 within 24 h after adjusting the pH to this value. In Lake B, the optimal pH for sulfate reduction was the in situ pH (6.2). Sulfate reduction in both lakes was stimulated 2–3-fold by increasing pH2. High concentrations (5 mM) of organic acids inhibited sulfate reduction at pH 3.8, but stimulation was observed at concentrations of 0.1 mM. Acid-volatile sulfides accounted for about 70% of the products of 35SO4 reduction.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1990.tb03941.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effects of temperature on bacterial production in a dimictic eutrophic lake (1985)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 31 (1985), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The incorporation of [3H](methyl)thymidine into DNA by the planktonic heterotropic bacteria of Little Crooked Lake (Noble Country, IN) was determined at different incubation temperatures. The highest rates of thymidine incorporation generally occurred at temperatures exceeding the in situ temperature of the sample. The optimal temperature for thymidine incorporation ranged from 1.0–3.4 times the in situ temperature. As the summer of 1983 progressed, the optimal temperatures for thymidine incorporation by epilimnetic samples and the in situ temperatures converged. This trend was reversed as fall overturn was approached.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1985.tb01141.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Accumulation and utilization of polysaccharide by hot-spring phototrophs during a light-dark transition (1992)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 102 (1992), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A suspension of cells from the green top layer of the microbial mat in Mushroom Spring, Yellowstone National Park, was pulsed with NaH14CO3 in the light for 2 h and then incubated in the dark. More than 80% of CO2 fixed in the light was incorporated into polysaccharide. During 4.5 h in the dark, 50% of this polysaccharide was metabolized, and there was a substantial increase in the amount of radioactivity in the protein fraction. Carbon in the polysaccharide fraction was metabolized to protein carbon at an efficiency of 0.47.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1992.tb05792.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Isolation and characterization of a subsurface bacterium that degrades aniline and methylanilines (1993)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 111 (1993), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract An aerobic bacterium was isolated from a subsurface sediment in a medium containing 2-methylaniline as sole C and N source. The isolate, Pseudomonas strain AK20, grew on aniline and all isomers of methylaniline. Aromatic amine metabolism was inducible, and cell extracts contained catechol-2,3-oxygenase which was also active against methylcatechols. Growth on aniline was rapid (μ = 0.41 h−1), and aniline and acetate were simultaneously utilized in mixed substrate cultures. Growth on 2-methylaniline was slower (μ = 0.1−0.17 h−1) and 2-methylaniline was not used simultaneously with other organic substrates unless it served as sole N source.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1993.tb06367.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Buoyancy regulation in phosphate-limited cultures of Microcystis aeruginosa (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 45 (1987), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Buoyancy regulation was studied in P-limited continuous cultures of Microcystis aeruginosa grown on light-dark cycles of 8–16 h. Gas-vesicle content did not vary systematically over a range of dilution rates form 0.004 to 0.015 h−1. A reduction in irradiance did not cause a significant change in gas-vesicle content. The proportion of floating cells decreased during the photoperiod and increased during the dark period. At three dilution rates, parallel cultures were grown at growth-saturating irradiance and at a lower irradiance. The cultures at low irradiance had a higher proportion of floating cells and a smaller decrease in buoyancy during the light period. The buoyancy losses were not due to destruction of gas vesicles but, rather, to the accumulation of heavy substances. However, measured increases in polysaccharide ballast accounted for only 60% of the required ballast. The molecule(s) which comprised the remainder of the ballast are unknown. Upon relief of phosphate limitation, P-limited cultures increased their buoyancy when incubated in the dark or light. Buoyancy increases in the dark were correlated with a decrease in polysaccharide content, whereas there was an increase in gas vesicle content in the light.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1987.tb02349.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Excretion of photosynthetically fixed organic carbon by metalimnetic phytoplankton (1985)
    Springer
    Microbial ecology 11 (1985), S. 1-9 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-184X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The effects of light intensity, oxygen concentration, and pH on the rates of photosynthesis and net excretion by metalimnetic phytoplankton populations of Little Crooked Lake, Indiana, were studied. Photosynthetic rates increased from 1.42 to 3.14 mg C·mg−1 chlorophylla·hour−1 within a range of light intensities from 65 to 150μE·m−2·sec−1, whereas net excretion remained constant at 0.05 mg C·mg−1 chlorophylla·hour−1. Bacteria assimilated approximately 50% of the carbon released by the phytoplankton under these conditions. Excreted carbon (organic compounds either assimilated by bacteria or dissolved in the lake water) was produced by phytoplankton at rates of 0.02–0.15 mg C·mg−1 chlorophylla·hour−1. These rates were 6%–13% of the photosynthetic rates of the phytoplankton. Both total excretion of carbon and bacterial assimilation of excreted carbon increased at high light intensities whereas net excretion remained fairly constant. Elevated oxygen concentrations in samples incubated at 150μE· m−2·sec−1 decreased rates of both photosynthesis and net excretion. The photosynthetic rate increased from 3.0 to 5.0 mg C·mg−1 chlorophylla· hour−1 as the pH was raised from 7.5 to 8.8. Net excretion within this range decreased slightly. Calculation of total primary production using a numerical model showed that whereas 225.8 g C·m−2 was photosynthetically fixed between 12 May and 24 August 1982, a maximum of about 9.3 g C·m−2 was released extracellularly.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02015104
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of light intensity on macromolecular synthesis in cyanobacteria (1980)
    Springer
    Microbial ecology 6 (1980), S. 291-301 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-184X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The light-dependent incorporation of NaH14CO3 into low molecular weight compounds, polysaccharide, or protein was determined in cultures of the cyanobacteriumMerismopedia tenuissima incubated at a series of light intensities. There was an inverse relationship between incorporation into polysaccharide and protein. At light intensities of 90 μE/m2/sec or above, relative incorporation of radioisotope into polysaccharide was greatest and relative incorporation into protein was lowest. Optimal relative protein accumulation occurred in samples incubated at 20 μE/m2/sec. A broader optimum of light intensity for maximal protein accumulation was found if ammonia rather than nitrate was the nitrogen source. Physiological adaptation of cultures to growth at a particular light intensity did not alter the pattern of macromolecular incorporation when those cultures were tested over the series of light intensities. The response of cultures ofOscillatoria rubescens to light intensity was similar to that ofM. tenuissima, although incorporation into low molecular weight compounds was significantly greater. The effect of light intensity on macromolecular synthesis in a natural population ofOscillatoria rubescens was also determined. A pattern similar to that observed in batch cultures ofO. rubescens was occasionally found, but in other experiments there was no increase in relative protein incorporation when light intensity was decreased.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02010492
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cybernetic modeling of growth in mixed, substitutable substrate environments: Preferential and simultaneous utilization (1996)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 52 (1996), S. 141-151 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: cybernetic modeling ; biosynthetic precursors ; metabolic regulation ; enzyme synthesis ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Growth of microorganisms on substitutable substrate mixtures display diverse growth dynamics characterized by simultaneous or preferential uptake of carbon sources. This article shows that cybernetic modeling concepts which were successful in predicting diauxic growth patterns can be extended to describe simultaneous consumption of substrates. Thus the growth of Escherichia coli on mixtures of glucose and organic acids such as pyruvate, fumarate, and succinate has been described successfully by the cybernetic model presented here showing both diauxic and simultaneous uptake when observed. The model also describes the changes in utilization patterns that occur under changing dilution rates, substrate concentrations, and models of preculturing. The model recognizes the importance of the synthesis of biosynthetic precursors in cell growth through a kinetic structure that is quite general for any mixture of carbon-energy sources. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 14 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Microbial growth on substitutable substrates: Characterizing the consumer-resource relationship (1997)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 54 (1997), S. 77-90 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: microbial growth ; consumer-resource relationship ; substrate ; carbon sources ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: In this article, we consider the growth of microorganisms on mixtures of carbon sources and characterize the consumer-resource relationship for this system. The characteristic features observed for the growth of a single microorganism on a pair of carbon sources allow a representation of this relationship based on a general paradigm for resource classification. This representation is verified using a comprehensive model for microbial growth on carbon sources. The results show that for the same pair of carbon sources the qualitative nature of the consumer-resource relationship changes with changing specific growth rate, and therefore a change in the identity of the rate-limiting substrate(s). © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Biotechnol Bioeng 54: 77-90, 1997.
    Additional Material: 14 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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