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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Biological and Environmental Chemistry of DMSP and Related Sulfonium Compounds. (1996)
    New York, NY :Springer,
    Details
    Keywords: Sulfonium compounds-Congresses. ; Dimethylpropiothetin-Congresses. ; Electronic books.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: 1 online resource (422 pages)
    Edition: 1st ed.
    ISBN: 9781461303770
    URL: https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/geomar/detail.action?docID=6493874
    DDC: 581.5/222
    Language: English
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    GEOMAR EBL
  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Salinity Tolerance of Eukaryotic Marine Algae (1990)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Plant Physiology and Plant Molecular Biology 41 (1990), S. 21-53 
    Details
    ISSN: 1040-2519
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.pp.41.060190.000321
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of salinity on turgor pressure and fertility in Tolypella (Characeae) (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant, cell & environment 19 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3040
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: We present the first experimental results on salinity tolerance and regulation mechanisms in the genus Tolypella. The two species investigated, T. nidifica and T. glomerata, regulate turgor pressure with almost complete effectiveness by adjustment of K+ and CT concentrations. Sucrose is also involved. The mechanism is basically identical to the mechanism of turgor pressure regulation previously identified in representatives of the genera Chara and Lamprothamnium. Since Chara and Lamprothamnium on the one hand and Tolypella on the other belong to different phylogenetic branches that separated early in the geological history of the Characeae, the K+ regulation mechanism can be assumed to represent an ancient pattern derived from a salt-tolerant common ancestor. Furthermore, our experiments provide evidence that salinity is a limiting factor for fertility in both T. nidifica and T. glomerata. Although the onset of gametangia covers the whole range of salinities tested here (0–29 psu), 12psu was the inhibitory level for the formation of mature oospores. Fertilization is probably disturbed by an increase in salinity. An inability to reproduce sexually under euryhaline conditions could explain why the distribution of the two species is restricted to oligo- and mesohaline environments, despite the wide range of salinity tolerance of their vegetative apparatus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3040.1996.tb00423.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cytological evidence for cytoplasmic volume control in Platymonas subcordiformis after osmotic stress (1981)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant, cell & environment 4 (1981), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3040
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract. Platymonas subcordiformis, a marine phytoplankton flagellate, shows partial control of cell volume in response to osmotic stress. Electron micrographs of samples taken at short intervals after application of a hypo-osmotic stress revealed that a large vacuolar system is formed by fusion of vesicles originating from the Golgi apparatus. The chloroplast is swollen and the thylakoid stacking is transiently disturbed for 1 to 5 min after the osmotic shock. It then regains the original size and stacked organization of the thylakoids, while the vacuoles remain permanently. It is assumed that mainly the cytoplasmic compartment is under volume control rather than the whole cell, as has been found in other wall-less micro-algae.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1365-3040.ep11604669
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of light intensity and daylength on the β-dimethylsulphoniopropionate (DMSP) content of marine green macroalgae from Antarctica (1990)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant, cell & environment 13 (1990), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3040
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract. The β-dimethylsulphoniopropionate (DMSP) concentrations of 5 Antarctic green algae grown at 2, 30 and 55 μmol photons m−2 s−1 were determined during a period of one year, cultivated under fluctuating daylengths mimicking the conditions of the natural habitat at King George Island. Antarctica. The intracellular DMSP content of all species decreased simultaneously with decreasing daylengths and vice versa. Additionally, the DMSP level was affected by the light intensity: the higher the photon fluence rate the greater the algal DMSP concentration. Under conditions of darkness, there was a degradation of the DMSP pool in members of the Acrosiphoniales, while the DMSP content in members of the Ulvales did not change. The results indicate a light-dependent DMSP accumulation in algae. Therefore, they may help to explain the seasonal variability of DMSP and its cleavage product dimethylsulphide (DMS) in coastal waters.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3040.1990.tb01991.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Salinity response of a freshwater charophyte, Chara vulgaris (1990)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant, cell & environment 13 (1990), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3040
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract. Chara vulgaris L. growing in an oligohaline lake was adapted to laboratory conditions and subjected to long-term salinity treatments ranging from 0 to 350 mol m 3 NaCl added to the lake water (40–680 mosmol kg 1). Osmotic potential and concentration of the main osmotically active solutes (K+, Na+, Mg2+, Cl and sucrose) in the vacuolar sap of the central internodal cells were estimated. C. vulgaris did regulate turgor but incompletely. Turgor decreased from 335 mosmol kg 1 under control conditions to 52–111 mosmol kg 1 at 350 mol m 3 NaCl. The enhancement of πi was achieved by increase in both ions and sucrose. Sterile and fertile plants differed in their response to osmotic stress. In sterile plants, the ions accounted for about 87% of the vacuolar osmotic potential. The increase of πi under osmotic stress was exclusively due to an accumulation of Na+ and Cl-. In fertile plants, sucrose accounted for about 35% of πi and ions for about 51% Under osmotic stress, sucrose content increased together with the ionic content of Na+ and Cl-.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3040.1990.tb01284.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ecophysiological investigations of Chara vulgaris L. grown in a brackish water lake: ionic changes and accumulation of sucrose in the vacuolar sap during sexual reproduction (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant, cell & environment 11 (1988), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3040
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Chara vulgaris L. growing in a brackish water lake was investigated in a field study during the main growth season (May to October 1985). Sucrose content and the ionic concentrations of the cations Na+, K+, Mg2+ and Ca2+ and the anions Cl− and SO42- of the vacuolar sap were estimated. Sucrose concentration in the vacuolar sap of vegetative growing plants was negligible, but with the beginning of the sexual reproduction period (fructification) the sucrose content increased from about 2 mol m−3 to 110 mol m−3. This level remained constant until the end of the fructification period. In spite of the increase of the sucrose concentration the osmotic potential of the vacuolar sap was constant. This was achieved by changing the ionic concentrations accordingly; in old or vegetative growing plants the ionic content accounted for about 80% of the vacuolar osmotic potential, but was about 63% during fructification. Sucrose is considered as a major photosynthate to supply the developing antheridia and oogonia and to serve as a precursor for the starch stored in the eggs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3040.1988.tb01778.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dimethylsulphoniopropionate (DMSP) accumulation in green macioalgae from polar to temperate regions: interactive effects of light versus salinity and light versus temperature (1992)
    Springer
    Polar biology 12 (1992), S. 603-607 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2056
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The effect of photon fluence rate on the ß-dimethylsulphoniopropionate (DMSP) content of salt-stressed eulittoral green macroalgae from different geographic regions was determined. At 55 μmol photons m−2s−1 DMSP increased continuously with increasing salinities up to 68‰ in Ulothrix implexa, Ulothrix subflaccida, Enteromorpha bulbosa and Acrosiphonia arcta from Antarctica, while the Subantarctic/cold-temperate Ulva rigida and the temperate Blidingia minima showed a large rise in intracellular DMSP concentration only under gentle hypersaline treatment (51‰). At the highest salinity tested the DMSP content of the latter species declined. In contrast, the capacity to form DMSP in the dark under hypersaline conditions was very low in all species. In addition, the DMSP content of the Antarctic species was determined after one year cultivation at 0°C under photon fluence rates of 2, 30 and 55 μmol m−2s−1. All isolates increased their DMSP concentration with increasing irradiance. In contrast to previous experiments done at 10°C, these species exhibited up to 5 fold higher DMSP values at 0°C under most photon fluence rates. The data support the idea of a light-dependent DMSP biosynthesis, and also demonstrate the stimulating effect of low water temperatures on the DMSP content of Antarctic green macroalgae. Apparently, in these plants DMSP may function as a cryoprotectant.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00236983
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Biogenic volatile organoiodine and organobromine hydrocarbons in the Atlantic Ocean from 42°N to 72°S (1997)
    Springer
    Fresenius' journal of analytical chemistry 359 (1997), S. 298-305 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1130
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract  During the cruise ANT X/1 and 2 of the research vessel Polarstern from November 1991 to March 1992, 39 surface water samples of the Atlantic Ocean from 42°N to 72.5°S were collected and analysed for their concentration of volatile iodinated and brominated hydrocarbons. The concentration of chlorophyll-a was used as an indicator for phytoplankton, which is one of the main producers of iodinated and brominated compounds in the ocean. For determination of chlorophyll-a, fluorescence spectroscopy was applied, whereas the measurement of halogenated volatile hydrocarbons was carried out by a purge and trap system with subsequent gas chromatographic separation and detection by an electron capture detector. With this technique the brominated substances CHBr3, CH2Br2, CHBr2Cl and CHBrCl2 have been detected in the range of 〈0.03 ng/L to 15 ng/L. For these volatile bromomethanes a distinct concentration profile was found. CHBr3 was always found to be the substance with the highest concentration followed by CH2Br2, CHBr2Cl and CHBrCl2. It could also be shown that in addition to CH3I, which for a long time was believed to be the only volatile iodinated substance in the marine environment, other iodinated substances like CH2ClI, CH2I2 and CH3CH2CH2I exist in the range of 〈0.01 ng/L to 2.2 ng/L in surface water of the Atlantic Ocean. Although it is improbable that chlorophyll-a is directly involved in the marine production of halogenated hydrocarbons, it was found that it could be used as an indicator for the biogenic formation of brominated compounds, whereas the correlation between chlorophyll-a and the iodinated substances was not of the same quality. The positive correlation between bromoform and dibromomethane proves the same biogenic origin and mechanism of formation, which could not be found for the different iodinated compounds.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002160050577
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ion composition of unicellular marine and fresh-water algae, with special reference to Platymonas subcordiformis cultivated in media with different osmotic strengths (1977)
    Springer
    Oecologia 28 (1977), S. 177-189 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1939
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Ion compositions (K+, Na+ Mg2+, Ca2+, Cl-, phosphate) of the euryhaline algae, Platymonas subcordiformis, Chlorella salina, grown in media with a salinity range from 0.1 to 0.6 M NaCl and of the fresh-water algae, Ankistrodesmus braunii and Scenedesmus obliquus, were compared. Enhancement of ion concentrations with increasing salinity in Platymonas was attributed largely to decreasing cell volume. In both the euryhaline algae, Na+ and — partially — Cl- content per cell increased significantly with rising salinity. The contents per cell of the other ions were not affected. Considering the relevance of ions and mannitol (Platymonas) and proline (Chlorella) as osmotically active particles, it was found that the ions alone maintained osmotic balance with low external salinity. With increasing salinity the organic compounds contributed up to 20–30% of the cellular solute potential. The main cation, K+, was the main contributor to the osmotic balance; the accumulation of organic compounds as well as of Na+ and Cl- contributes further to the ability of the algae to adapt to high salinity. The results confirm the hypothesis of low Cl- concentrations in nonvacuolate cells in comparison to vacuolate cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00345253
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