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  • 1
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] HTA 1 was purified from detergent lysates of bulk preparations of NH17 cells by affinity chromatography with ??1/34 (ref. 6). The three HTA 1 components were sequentially eluted from the ??1/34 affinity column at 40 C with a pH gradient in the order 2m (pH 8.5-9.5), ? (pH 9.5-10.7) and a (pH ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cancer chemotherapy and pharmacology 10 (1983), S. 73-78 
    ISSN: 1432-0843
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-0843
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The efficacy and toxicity of 120 mg/m2 etoposide and 100 mg/m2 carboplatin given i.v. daily x 3 together with 750 mg/m2 cyclophosphamide and 14 mg/m2 vincristine given i.v. on day 1 (ECCO) in a regimen given every 28 days for 6 courses was assessed in 90 (40 limited stage, 50 extensive stage) previously untreated patients with small-cell lung cancer. Mediastinal irradiation using 50 Gy in 25 fractions was given to limitedstage patients without progression after 3 courses of chemotherapy. Cranial irradiation with 30 Gy in 10 fractions was given to all patients attaining a complete response (CR). Objective responses were seen in 83% [CR, 60%; partial response (PR), 23%] of patients with limited and 76% (CR, 22%; PR, 54%) of those with extensive disease. The median relapse-free survival for objective responders with limited disease was 13.4 months, with a median of 8.0 months for extensive-stage patients. The median relapse-free survival for patients achieving a CR was 13.4 months, with a median of 7.8 months for those undergoing a PR. The median survival was 13.3 months for patients with limited disease, with a median of 9.6 months for those with extensive disease. The median survival following a CR was 18.2 months, with a median survival of 9.9 months for those showing a PR. The combination was well tolerated, with either no nausea or nausea only (WHO grade 0 or 1) in 56% of patients and minimal mucositis, renal toxicity, neurotoxicity or ototoxicity. Neutropenia measuring 〈1.0×109 WBC/l (WHO grade 3 or 4) was seen in 74% of patients, with two deaths due to infection occurring during neutropenia. Thrombocytopenia of 〈50×109 platelets/l (WHO grade 3 or 4) occurred in 24% of patients. ECCO is a new, active, welltolerated program for previously untreated patients with small-cell lung cancer.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cancer chemotherapy and pharmacology 28 (1991), S. 220-222 
    ISSN: 1432-0843
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Epirubicin (4′-epidoxorubicin), an analogue of doxorubicin (Adriamycin), has established activity in the treatment of small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) when used at doses of 75 to 120 mg/m2 in previously untreated patients. We completed a phase II study of epirubicin (85 mg/m2 given intravenously at 3-week intervals) in 20 patients with recurrent SCLC, all of whom had received prior combination chemotherapy. Of 19 patients who were assessable for response, 2 achieved a complete response and 2 a partial response, for an overall response rate of 4/19 (21%); 95% confidence interval, 8%–43%). Myelosuppression and alopecia were the most frequent toxicities; epirubicin was otherwise well tolerated, with other toxicities such as nausea and vomiting being infrequent or mild. Epirubicin at a dose of 85 mg/m2 exhibits modest singleagent activity in previously treated SCLC and is generally well tolerated. Given as a single agent or in combination with other well-tolerated drugs, epirubicin would be suitable in cases in which palliation of symptoms without undue toxicity is required in the management of previously treated SCLC.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    World journal of surgery 16 (1992), S. 246-250 
    ISSN: 1432-2323
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé La découverte et l'identification des gènes régulateurs de croissance sous forme d'oncogènes et leurs contreparties, les suppresseurs de tumeurs (ST) ou anti-oncogènes ont largement conribué à la compréhension de la tumorigénèse. Les tumeurs solides humaines, tel le cancer colorectal pour lequel la génétique moléculaire a été plus clairement explicite, montrent une évolution progressive allant de la dysplasie cellulaire à l'anaplasie et aux métastases. Cette évolution se produit par l'accumulation, petit à petit, de défauts génétiques portant sur la régulation et l'expression à la fois des oncogènes et des antioncogènes. L'étude des anomalies génétiques dans le mélanome et l'identification des plus essentielles d'entre elles est capitale à la fois pour la compréhension de la prolifération anormale des mélanocytes et de sa régulation potentielle pharmacologique et immunologique et à la fois pour l'identification et le dépistage des patients à haut risque de développer un mélanome. La recherche de telles anomalies génétiques a comporté l'étude, dans le mélanome, de défects au sein d'oncogènes et anti-oncogènes identifiés et, plus important, l'exploitation de familles atteintes de mélanome héréditaire (HM) et de naevi dysplasiques dans le but de trouver le gène du mélanome. L'étude du mélanome héréditaire est fondamentale car dans le cas d'autres syndromes de cancers héréditaires où les bases génétiques ont été identifiées, des anomalies génétiques identiques ou comparables sont a la base des tumeurs sporadiques de même type tissulaire. Aussi le HM semble être le meilleur indicateur du défaut de la mélanogénèse.
    Abstract: Resumen El descubrimiento y la caracterización de genes reguladores del crecimiento celular, en la forma de oncogenes, y sus contrapartes, los supresores tumorales (ST), o antioncogenes, ha ampliado en forma considerable el conocimiento básico del proceso de tumorogénesis. Los tumores sólidos humanos, tales como el cáncer colorrectal, en el cual se ha logrado definir con la mayor claridad la genética molecular, exhiben una evolución progresiva desde la displasia celular basta la anaplasia y las metástasis a través de la acumulación secuencial de alteraciones genéticas, involucrando la regulación y la expresión tanto de oncogenes como de genes ST. El estudio de las anormalidades genéticas básicas en el melanoma y la identificación de aquellas más fundamentales es crítico, tanto para la comprensión de la proliferación melanocítica anormal, y su potencial regulación farmacológica o inmunológica, como para la indentificación y tamizaje de pacientes de alto riesgo de desarrollar melanoma. La búsqueda de tales anormalidades genéticas ha incluido el análisis de melanomas para identificar defectos en genes conocidos como oncogenes y genes ST, y, aún más importante el nevus displásicos en un esfuerzo por hallar el gen del melanoma. La importancia del melanoma hereditario es fundamental, puesto que en otros síndromes de cáncer hereditario en los cuales se ha identificado la base genética, se encuentran las mismas, o similares, anormalidades genéticas en tumores esporádicos del mismo tipo tisular. Por lo tanto, el melanoma hereditario probablemente sea un indicador del defecto melanocítico.
    Notes: Abstract The discovery and characterization of growth regulatory genes, in the form of oncogenes, and their counterparts, tumor suppressor (TS) or antioncogenes, has vastly expanded the basic understanding of tumorigenesis. Human solid tumors, such as colorectal cancer, for which the molecular genetics have been most clearly defined, display progressive evolution from cellular dysplasia to anaplasia and metastasis through the stepwise accumulation of genetic defects, involving the regulation and expression of both oncogenes and TS genes. The study of basic genetic abnormalities in melanoma and the identification of the most fundamental of these is critical both to the understanding of abnormal melanocyte proliferation and its potential pharmacologic or immunologic regulation, and also to the identification and screening of patients at high risk for the development of melanoma. The search for such genetic abnormalities has included an analysis of melanomas for defects in known characterized oncogenes and TS genes, and, more importantly, the use of families with hereditary melanoma (HM) and dysplastic nevi in an endeavor to find the melanoma gene. The importance of HM is fundamental, since in the case of other hereditary cancer syndromes for which the genetic basis has been identified, the same or similar genetic abnormalities underlie sporadic tumors of the same tissue type. Thus HM is likely to be the major signpost to the melanomagenic defect.
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2012-06-27
    Description: BACKGROUND: A history of multiple primary melanomas (PMs) has been associated with improved survival in patients with early stage melanoma, but whether it also is correlated with survival in patients with metastatic melanoma is unknown. The authors sought to address the latter question in the current study. METHODS: Patients with metastatic melanoma diagnosed at the Melanoma Institute Australia between 1983 and 2008 were identified. Overall survival (OS) was calculated from date of first distant metastasis. Survival analysis was performed using the Kaplan-Meier method, log-rank tests, and multivariate Cox proportional hazards models. RESULTS: Of 2942 patients with metastatic melanoma, 2634 (89.5%) had 1 PM and 308 (10.5%) had 〉1 PM. Factors that were associated independently with shorter OS were site of metastasis, including the brain (hazard ratio [HR], 2.41; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.07-2.81; P 〈 .001) and nonlung viscera (HR, 1.92; 95% CI, 1.67-2.22; P 〈 .001, vs lymph node/subcutaneous/soft tissue), age 〉60 years (HR, 1.23; 95% CI, 1.12-1.36; P 〈 .001), shorter disease-free interval from PM to first distant metastasis (≤12 months vs 〉36 months: HR, 1.62; 95% CI, 1.39-1.89; P 〈 .001), and fewer PMs (1 vs 〉1; HR, 1.26; 95% CI, 1.08-1.47; P = .004). CONCLUSIONS: A history of multiple PM was an independent predictor of improved survival for patients with metastatic melanoma. The results indicate that a history of multiple PMs should be incorporated into multivariate analyses of prognostic factors and treatment outcomes. Cancer 2012. © 2012 American Cancer Society.
    Print ISSN: 0008-543X
    Electronic ISSN: 1097-0142
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Published by Wiley-Blackwell on behalf of The American Cancer Society.
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