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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Low-energy excitation and fast motion near Tg in amorphous cis-1,4-polybutadiene (1993)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 98 (1993), S. 8262-8270 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Dynamics of amorphous cis-1,4-polybutadiene was studied by incoherent inelastic and quasielastic neutron scattering below 10 meV in a wide temperature range covering the glass transition temperature Tg. The spectra at low temperatures below Tg show a broad excitation peak at about 2–3 meV, which is the so-called low-energy excitation and believed to be an origin of anomalous thermal properties of amorphous materials at low temperatures. It was found that the temperature dependence of the low-energy excitation intensity can be normalized by the Bose factor at temperatures low enough below Tg. With increasing temperature, a very fast motion appears in the energy range below ∼4 meV at around the Vogel–Fulcher temperature T0, which is ∼50 K below Tg. This fast motion is often interpreted as the β process predicted by the mode coupling theory. In this paper, both the low-energy excitation and the fast motion were analyzed in terms of a common microscopic picture, i.e., an asymmetric double well potential. The natures of the two motions are discussed focusing on the relation between the two motions as well as the glass transition dynamics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.464531
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Inelastic neutron scattering study of low energy excitations in glassy 1-butene (1996)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 105 (1996), S. 732-737 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Glassy 1-butene (CH2=CHCH2CH3) was studied by incoherent inelastic neutron scattering below 10 meV in the temperature range 18≤T≤80 K covering the glass transition temperature (Tg=60 K). A broad excitation peak due to the low-energy excitation was found at 3–4 meV. The spectra corrected for the Bose factor could be scaled to a unique curve for temperatures below Tg. The absolute density of vibrational states was derived from the spectrum at 18 K and the previously measured heat capacity data. The number of vibrational states associated with the low energy excitation was 1.4 per molecule. This is much larger than those for SiO2 and other amorphous materials studied so far. The density of vibrational states was well reproduced by the soft potential model originally conceived for network glasses. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.471928
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of the microstructure on the incoherent neutron scattering of glass-forming polybutadienes (1996)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 105 (1996), S. 1189-1197 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: This paper presents the first neutron scattering measurement of 1,2-1,4-polybutadienes with varying microstructure. Incoherent inelastic scattering experiments have been performed in the range of moderate (ΔE≈300 μeV) and high (ΔE≈20 μeV) energy resolution. For the moderate resolution experiments the vibration–relaxation model has been used as a guideline for interpretation. The most striking influence of the microstructure variation can be found in the position of the boson peak. Its position at low temperature as well as its temperature dependence is significantly different among the measured samples. The high resolution data have been Fourier transformed into the time domain yielding the intermediate incoherent scattering function in a time range of 5,...,150 ps. There, the basic properties found for 1,4-polybutadiene earlier could be reproduced (separation of α and βslow regimes of the slow relaxation, Kohlrausch–Williams–Watts function with β≈0.4). On the basis of the new data, no microstructure induced differences can be detected except for the changes of temperature dependence due to the strongly different glass-transition temperatures and different fragility. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.471961
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  • 4
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    Effect of branched-chain amino acid-enriched nutritional supplementation on interferon therapy in Japanese patients with chronic hepatitis C virus infection: a retrospective study (2012)
    BioMed Central
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-11-23
    Description: Background: The aims of this study were to evaluate the effects of nutritional supplementation with branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) with zinc component (Aminofeel(R)) on adherence to and outcome of therapy in patients treated with interferon (IFN) for chronic hepatitis C and cirrhosis and to determine whether to recommend the supplement. Methods: In this retrospective study, 51 patients who received IFN therapy were investigated among 203 consecutive patients who visited our hospital and were advised regarding the potential benefit of taking Aminofeel(R). Each patient was free to choose whether to purchase and take Aminofeel(R). Results: Twenty four patients (group 1-A) took Aminofeel(R) during standard IFN therapy and 13 (group 1-B) did not. Low-dose, long-term IFN (maintenance) therapy, mainly peglated (Peg)-IFN alpha 2a, was administered to 14 patients who were difficult to treat, because of no effect or harmful side effects with standard IFN therapy, and who had advanced liver fibrosis. Among the 14, 11 patients (group 2-A) took Aminofeel(R) and 3 (group 2-B) did not. The prevalence of obesity was significantly higher (P=0.04) in group 1-A than in group 1-B. The rate of adherence to IFN therapy was higher in group 1-A (83.3%) than in group 1-B (53.8%, P=0.05). There were no significant differences between the two groups in the rates of sustained virological response (SVR) to IFN therapy. According to multivariate analysis, two factors, SVR and intake of Aminofeel(R), were associated with successful adherence to IFN therapy. The adjusted odds ratios for these two factors were 13.25 and 12.59, respectively, and each was statistically significant. The SVR rate of maintenance IFN therapy was in 18.2% group 2-A and 0% in group 2-B. Conclusion: Our data show that BCAA intake is useful for adherence to and effect of IFN therapy for patients with chronic hepatitis C. Nutritional supplementation with BCAA seems to be useful for HCV-infected patients receiving IFN therapy because it is impossible to introduce standard treatment for all patients among Japan's aging population.
    Electronic ISSN: 1743-422X
    Topics: Medicine
    Published by BioMed Central
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