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  • 1
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    Negative effects of ocean acidification on two crustose coralline species using genetically homogeneous samples (2014)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Kato, A; Hikami, Mana; Kumagai, Naoki H; Suzuki, Atsushi; Nojiri, Yukihiro; Sakai, Kazuhiko (2014): Negative effects of ocean acidification on two crustose coralline species using genetically homogeneous samples. Marine Environmental Research, 94, 1-6, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marenvres.2013.10.010
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-07-19
    Description: We evaluated acidification effects on two crustose coralline algal species common to Pacific coral reefs, Lithophyllum kotschyanum and Hydrolithon samoense. We used genetically homogeneous samples of both species to eliminate misidentification of species. The growth rates and percent calcification of the walls of the epithallial cells (thallus surface cells) of both species decreased with increasing pCO2. However, elevated pCO2 more strongly inhibited the growth of L. kotschyanum versus H. samoense. The trend of decreasing percent calcification of the cell wall did not differ between these species, although intercellular calcification of the epithallial cells in L. kotschyanum was apparently reduced at elevated pCO2, a result that might indicate that there are differences in the solubility or density of the calcite skeletons of these two species. These results can provide knowledge fundamental to future studies of the physiological and genetic mechanisms that underlie the response of crustose coralline algae to environmental stresses.
    Keywords: Alkalinity, total; Alkalinity, total, standard deviation; Aquarium number; Aragonite saturation state; Aragonite saturation state, standard deviation; Benthos; Bicarbonate ion; Bicarbonate ion, standard deviation; Bottles or small containers/Aquaria (〈20 L); Calcite saturation state; Calcite saturation state, standard deviation; Calculated using CO2calc; Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010); Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Carbonate ion; Carbonate ion, standard deviation; Carbonate system computation flag; Carbon dioxide; Carbon dioxide, standard deviation; Coast and continental shelf; Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Growth/Morphology; Hydrolithon samoense; Identification; Laboratory experiment; Lithophyllum kotschyanum; Macroalgae; Mass change; North Pacific; Number of points; OA-ICC; Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide, standard deviation; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); pH; pH, standard deviation; Plantae; Potentiometric; Potentiometric titration; Rhodophyta; Salinity; Single species; Species; Temperate; Temperature, water; Temperature, water, standard deviation
    Type: dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 4980 data points
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 2
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    Dolomite-rich coralline algae in reefs resist dissolution in acidified conditions (2013)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Nash, Merinda C; Opdyke, Bradley N; Troitzsch, U; Russell, Bayden D; Adey, W H; Kato, A; Diaz-Pulido, Guillermo; Brent, C; Gardner, M; Prichard, J; Kline, David I (2012): Dolomite-rich coralline algae in reefs resist dissolution in acidified conditions. Nature Climate Change, 3(3), 268-272, https://doi.org/10.1038/nclimate1760
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-07-22
    Description: Coral reef ecosystems develop best in high-flow environments but their fragile frameworks are also vulnerable to high wave energy. Wave-resistant algal rims, predominantly made up of the crustose coralline algae (CCA) Porolithon onkodes and P. pachydermum, are therefore critical structural elements for the survival of many shallow coral reefs. Concerns are growing about the susceptibility of CCA to ocean acidification because CCA Mg-calcite skeletons are more susceptible to dissolution under low pH conditions than coral aragonite skeletons. However, the recent discovery of dolomite (Mg0.5Ca0.5(CO3)), a stable carbonate, in P. onkodes cells necessitates a reappraisal of the impacts of ocean acidification on these CCA. Here we show, using a dissolution experiment, that dried dolomite-rich CCA have 6-10 times lower rates of dissolution than predominantly Mg-calcite CCA in both high-CO2 (~ 700 ppm) and control (~ 380 ppm) environments, respectively. We reveal this stabilizing mechanism to be a combination of reduced porosity due to dolomite infilling and selective dissolution of other carbonate minerals. Physical break-up proceeds by dissolution of Mg-calcite walls until the dolomitized cell eventually drops out intact. Dolomite-rich CCA frameworks are common in shallow coral reefs globally and our results suggest that it is likely that they will continue to provide protection and stability for coral reef frameworks as CO2 rises.
    Keywords: Alkalinity, total; Aragonite; Aragonite saturation state; Benthos; Bicarbonate ion; Bottles or small containers/Aquaria (〈20 L); Calcification/Dissolution; Calcite saturation state; Calculated using CO2SYS; Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010); Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Carbonate ion; Carbonate system computation flag; Carbon dioxide; Coast and continental shelf; Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Group; Laboratory experiment; Macroalgae; Magnesium carbonate, magnesite; OA-ICC; Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); pH; Plantae; Porolithon onkodes; Potentiometric; Potentiometric titration; Replicate; Rhodophyta; Salinity; Sample code/label; Single species; South Pacific; Species; Temperate; Temperature, water; Treatment; Weight loss
    Type: dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 801 data points
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 3
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    Accelerated nucleation of the 2014 Iquique, Chile Mw 8.2 Earthquake (2016)
    In:  Scientific Reports
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Description: The earthquake nucleation process has been vigorously investigated based on geophysical observations, laboratory experiments, and theoretical studies; however, a general consensus has yet to be achieved. Here, we studied nucleation process for the 2014 Iquique, Chile Mw 8.2 megathrust earthquake located within the current North Chile seismic gap, by analyzing a long-term earthquake catalog constructed from a cross-correlation detector using continuous seismic data. Accelerations in seismicity, the amount of aseismic slip inferred from repeating earthquakes, and the background seismicity, accompanied by an increasing frequency of earthquake migrations, started around 270 days before the mainshock at locations up-dip of the largest coseismic slip patch. These signals indicate that repetitive sequences of fast and slow slip took place on the plate interface at a transition zone between fully locked and creeping portions. We interpret that these different sliding modes interacted with each other and promoted accelerated unlocking of the plate interface during the nucleation phase.
    Language: English
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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    GFZ OAI
  • 4
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    Multiple slow-slip events during a foreshock sequence of the 2014 Iquique, Chile Mw 8.1 earthquake (2014)
    In:  Geophysical Research Letters
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Description: To obtain a precise record of the foreshock sequence before the 2014 Iquique, Chile Mw 8.1 earthquake, we applied a matched filter technique to continuous seismograms recorded near the source region. We newly detected about 10 times the number of seismic events listed in the routinely constructed earthquake catalog and identified multiple sequences of earthquake migrations at speeds of 2–10 km/d, both along strike and downdip on the fault plane, updip of the main shock area. In addition, we found out repeating earthquakes from the newly detected events, likely indicating aseismic slip along the plate boundary fault during the foreshock sequence. These observations suggest the occurrence of multiple slow-slip events updip of the main shock area. The final slow-slip event migrated toward the main shock nucleation point. We interpret that several parts of the plate boundary fault perhaps experienced slow slip, causing stress loading on the prospective largest slip patch of the main shock rupture.
    Language: English
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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    GFZ OAI
  • 5
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    Dive efficieny versus depth in foraging emperor penguins (2010)
    In:  EPIC3Aquatic Biology, 8(3), pp. 269-277, ISSN: 1864-7790
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-17
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
    Format: application/pdf
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    PAPER (OA)
  • 6
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    Seismic Evidence of an Early Afterslip During the 2012 Sequence in Emilia (Italy) (2019)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-29
    Description: Earthquake interaction and stress change on nearby faults by afterslip, static and dynamic triggering play an important role in the activation of major events. We apply a matched filter technique to augment the detected events in the time window between the two main shocks of 20 (Mw 6.1) and 29 (Mw 6.0) May 2012, during the Emilia seismic sequence (Italy). From 1,727 well-located templates, we increase the number of detections to 7,616 lowering the completeness magnitude of approximately 0.6 degrees. This greater detail allows evidencing migrations of seismic events from the nucleation point of the first shock to the second. The seismicity pattern suggests a transient aseismic slip acting immediately after the shallow first event, weakening and loading the volume around the deep nucleation point of the 29 May 2012 Mw6.0 earthquake. Repeating earthquakes are also found between the two main-shocks. The released cumulative slip, estimated from the earliest repeating earthquake amounts to approximately 27 cm at a depth of about 7 km within the first 5 hours after the 20 May Mw6.1. Migrations and repeaters could represent the fingerprint of an early afterslip triggered by the first mainshock.
    Description: Published
    Description: 625-635
    Description: 2T. Deformazione crostale attiva
    Description: JCR Journal
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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    PAPER (OA)
  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    (+)-Nortrachelogenin, A New Pharmacologically Active Lignan From Wikstroemia indica (1979)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of natural products 42 (1979), S. 159-162 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-6025
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/np50002a004
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Preparation and Application of Metal-Coated Silicon Carbide Particles by Chemical Plating Technique (1992)
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Solid state phenomena Vol. 25-26 (Jan. 1992), p. 559-564 
    Details
    ISSN: 1662-9779
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://www.tib-hannover.de/fulltexts/2011/0528/02/25/transtech_doi~10.4028%252Fwww.scientific.net%252FSSP.25-26.559.pdf
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reduced hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury by IL-4: potential anti-inflammatory role of STAT6 (2000)
    Springer
    Inflammation research 49 (2000), S. 275-279 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-908X
    Keywords: Key words:Cytokines — Transcription factors — Inflammation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Objective and Design: The ability of interleukin-4 (IL-4) to modulate activation of the transcription factors, NF-κB and STAT6, reduce proinflammatory cytokine expression and protect against liver injury induced by ischemia/ reperfusion was assessed.¶Materials and Subjects: C57BL/6 mice underwent 90 minutes of partial hepatic ischemia followed by 1 or 8 h of reperfusion with or without intravenous administration of 1 μg (0.5 μg just prior to ischemia, 0.5 μg at reperfusion) recombinant murine IL-4. Liver expression of TNFα mRNA was determined by RT-PCR. Activation of NF-κB and STAT6 in liver nuclear extracts was assessed by mobility shift assay.¶Results: Hepatic ischemia/reperfusion increased hepatic expression of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα), induced significant neutrophil accumulation and liver injury. Treatment with IL-4 greatly suppressed liver TNFα mRNA expression, neutrophil accumulation and liver injury. IL-4 had no effect on liver NF-κB activation, but greatly increased the activation of STAT6.¶Conclusions: The data suggest that STAT6 activation by IL-4 may be responsible for the protective effects of this cytokine.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/PL00000207
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Validation of oesophagus temperature recording for detection of prey ingestion on captive Adélie penguins (Pygoscelis adeliae) (2000)
    Springer
    Marine biology 137 (2000), S. 1105-1110 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The efficiency of oesophagus and stomach temperature loggers to detect ingestion of prey items was studied in captive Adélie penguins (Pygoscelis adeliae) fed on land in Antarctica and in an aquarium in Japan. On land, the detection rate was studied for different masses of prey delivered at various frequencies, while in the pool the delay between capture and swallowing was investigated. The rate at which food items were detected and the magnitude of the temperature drops induced were higher in the oesophagus than in the stomach. Where small food items were delivered at a high frequency, birds collected prey items in the beak before swallowing them. Thus, oesophagus sensors may underestimate the number of prey swallowed if the system is used in the wild. In the oesophagus temperature recordings, the magnitude of drops was weakly, but positively, correlated to the mass of single, ingested prey (R 2=0.40).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002270000414
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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