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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 74 (1999), S. 3281-3283 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: Local vibrational modes in the region of the acoustic and optical phonons are reported for Mg-doped GaN grown by molecular beam epitaxy. The modes, studied by Raman spectroscopy, appear in addition to the known modes in the high-energy region around 2200 cm−1. We suggest disorder-activated scattering and scattering from Mg-related lattice vibrations to be the origin of the low-energy modes. Our assignment is supported by calculations based on a modified valence-force model of Kane. Temperature-dependent measurements between 4 and 300 K exclude an electronic Raman-scattering mechanism. We also report a new line at 2129 cm−1 and discuss the origin of all five observed high-energy modes. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 80 (2002), S. 1909-1911 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: We study the influence of nitrogen, a potential acceptor in ZnO, on the lattice dynamics of ZnO. A series of samples grown by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) containing different nitrogen concentrations, as determined by secondary ion mass spectroscopy (SIMS), was investigated. The Raman spectra revealed vibrational modes at 275, 510, 582, 643, and 856 cm−1 in addition to the host phonons of ZnO. The intensity of these additional modes correlates linearly with the nitrogen concentration and can be used as a quantitative measure of nitrogen in ZnO. These modes are interpreted as local vibrational modes. Furthermore, SIMS showed a correlation between the concentration of incorporated nitrogen and unintentional hydrogen, similar to the incorporation of the p-dopant magnesium and hydrogen in GaN during metalorganic CVD. © 2002 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 78 (2001), S. 198-200 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: The temperature and pressure dependence of the zone-center phonons and of the local vibrational modes of magnesium in the hexagonal modification of GaN was studied within a valence-force model. The contribution caused by thermal expansion was calculated and compared with the experiment. We find that the frequency shift of the local vibrational modes arises to a much larger extent from anharmonic decay into lower energy phonons than the shift of the GaN host modes. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 76 (2000), S. 2122-2124 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: We present results of first- and second-order Raman-scattering experiments on hexagonal and cubic InN covering the acoustic and optical phonon and overtone region. Using a modified valence-force model, we calculated the phonon dispersion curves and the density of states in both InN modifications. The observed Raman shifts agree well the calculated Γ-point frequencies and the corresponding overtone density of states. A tentative assignment to particular phonon branches is given. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 60 (1982), S. 1240-1244 
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Schlagwort(e): Sodium homeoostasis ; Conscious dogs ; Sperrphänomen ; Atrial natriuresis ; Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system ; Angiotensin II ; Natriumkontrolle ; Wache Hunde ; Sperrphänomen ; Atriale Natriurese ; Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosteron-System ; Angiotensin II
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Zusammenfassung An chronisch instrumentierten weiblichen Beaglehunden wurden unter standardisierten Umweltund Ernährungsbedingungen Untersuchungen zum Studium der Kontrollprozesse des Natriumhaushaltes durchgeführt. Die nach experimenteller Erhöhung des Druckes im linken Vorhof (reversible Mitralstenose) auftretende Natriurese (atriale Natriurese, AN) eignet sich als Test zur Prüfung anderer in der Kontrolle des Natriums wirksamer Mechanismen. Die Ergebnisse erlauben folgende Schlußfolgerungen: 1. Die im linken Vorhof perzipierte Expansion des Extrazellulärraumes besitzt keine unersetzbare Funktion für die Natriumhomöostase (Volumenkontrolle). 2. Natriumkontrollmechanismen reagieren sehr empfindlich auf Änderungen des Gesamtkörpernatriums (TBS). Eine geringfügige Verminderung des TBS hemmt oder ‚sperrt‘ natriumeliminierende Prozesse wie z.B. eine ‚Kochsalzdiurese‘, eine osmotische Diurese oder die atriale Natriurese (Sperrphänomen). 3. Es ist wahrscheinlich, daß ein spezieller natriuretischer Faktor existiert. 4. Das Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosteron-System scheint u.a. mit seiner Komponente Angiotensin II wesentlich für die Natriumretention zu sein. Der Gesamtkörpernatriumbestand wird von zahlreichen ‚redundanten‘ Prozessen kontrolliert. Zur Zeit sind quantitative Angaben über einzelne Mechanismen nicht möglich. Die Gesamtkontrolle für das Natrium scheint unter allen Bedingungen eine optimale Strategie für das ‚Überleben‘ oder den ‚Komfort‘ zu entwickeln, was beinhaltet, daß sich der ‚Stellenwert‘ einzelner Mechanismen ändern kann.
    Notizen: Summary Chronically instrumented female beagles were maintained in standardized environmental and dietary conditions allowing careful examination of the mechanisms governing sodium homeostasis. The experimental increase in left atrial pressure (obtained by a reversible mitral stenosis) is accompanied by an increase in sodium excretion (atrial natriuresis, AN). AN served as an experimental manoeuvre from which the mechanisms governing sodium homeostasis could be elucidated. The results allow the following conclusions: (1) The ‘signals’ arising from distension of the left atrium (e.g. expansion of the extracellular fluid volume) appear not to be a necessary prerequisite for the maintenance of sodium homeostasis. (2) The control mechanisms seem to be very sensitive to changes in total body sodium (TBS). A small reduction in TBS abolishes sodium eliminating processes e.g. saline diuresis, osmotic diuresis, AN. (3) It is probable that a natriuretic factor exists for sodium elimination. In summary, total body sodium appears to be controlled by a series of ‘redundant’ mechanisms which guarantee an appropriate strategy for the comfort and ultimate survival of the organism. At the moment it is impossible to quantitate the contributions made by the various mechanisms in the control of sodium metabolism.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Annals of hematology 11 (1965), S. 352-362 
    ISSN: 1432-0584
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Summary Tests have been carried out on the extent to which therapeutically administered iron preparations can pass the placenta. The animal experiments were carried out on highly resistant rabbits and their mature foetuses, and compared with a radioactively tagged ferri-saccharate and a radioactively marked sorbitoliron-citrate complex. In brief experiments, no significantly greater absorbtion into the maternal animal through the placenta could be detected. After longer administration of the same preparation, there was an early increase in the amount of iron in the organs, attributable to an increase in the amount of iron in the parenchyma cells (histo-autoradiographically observed). The foetal liver possesses storage when large doses are administered, whereas other foetal organs showed little change in the iron content. For the other foetal organs, on the basis of autoradiography corresponding with the organconcentration, there was little increase in storage, and the placentral barrier showed no sign of being broken through, even in the chronic experiments.
    Notizen: Zusammenfassung Es wird geprüft, inwieweit therapeutisch verafolgte Eisenpräparate die Plazenta passieren können. Die tierexperimentellen Untersuchungen wurden an hochträchtigen Kaninchen und deren reifens Föten durchgeführt. Verglichen wurden radioaktivmarkiertes Ferrisaccharat und ein radioaktivmarkierter Sorbitol-Eisen-Zitrat-Komplex. In Kurzzeitversuchen ergab sich, daß selbst bei hoher Belastung des Muttertieres kein nennswerter Durchtritt des applizierten Eisens durch die Plazenta in den fötalen Organismus erfolgte. Nach länger dauernder Eisenbelastung mit denselbe Präparaten wies die fötale Leber einen Anstieg ihres Organiesens auf, der nach histoautoradiographischer Untersuchung einer Zunahme des Eisens in den Parenchymzellen zuzuschreiben ist. Damit zeigte sich, daß die fötale Leber bei hohem Eisenangebot durch das Muttertier eine Speicherfunktion besitzt. Die anderen fötalen Organe waren in ihrem Eisengehalt nur wenig erhöht. Für den fötalen Teil der Plazenta konnte auf Grund der Autoradiographien in Übereinstimmung mit den gefundenen Organeisengehalten eine Speicherfunktion nachgewiesen werden. Eine Durchbrechung der Plazentarschranke trat auch nicht im chronischen Versuch ein.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Intensive care medicine 26 (2000), S. 292-298 
    ISSN: 1432-1238
    Schlagwort(e): Key words ARDS (acute respiratory distress syndrome) ; Angiotensin II (Ang II) ; Renin-angiotensin system (RAS) ; Endothelin (ET-1) ; Prone position ; ICU patients
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract Objective: In patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), the prone position may enhance oxygenation by changing ventilation/perfusion ratio. In this study, we investigated whether the prone position affects the net balance between pulmonary endothelin (ET-1) and angiotensin II (Ang II) production and clearance, two metabolic functions of lung endothelial cells.¶Setting: Anaesthesiological intensive care unit of a university hospital.¶Patients: Ten ARDS patients (Murray score 〉 2.5) were studied in both the supine position (SP) and the prone position (PP).¶Measurements and design: Blood samples were taken simultaneously from the patient in SP for assessment of mixed venous and arterial ET-1 and Ang II concentrations, and plasma renin concentration (PRC). This was repeated after 60 min in SP, immediately after turning the patient into PP, and 60 min thereafter. Net arterial/mixed venous ET-1 clearances and net Ang II formations were calculated.¶Results: arterial oxygen tension increased from SP to PP by an average of 60 mmHg, about 20 %. Arterial ET-1 concentrations of ARDS patients were 1.57 ± 1.1 pg/ml (mean ± SD) and within the range of healthy persons. Net ET-1 clearances were negative in SP, indicating pulmonary release of ET-1, and did not change in PP. Arterial Ang II concentrations (73 ± 56 pg/ml) as well as PRC (126 ± 85 pg/ml) were markedly elevated. Net transpulmonary Ang II formation did not change.¶Conclusion: Acute changes of oxygenation in ARDS patients by positioning do not induce any short-term effects on pulmonary ET-1 net clearance or Ang II net formation.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Schlagwort(e): Conscious dogs ; Sodium and water balance ; Postprandial diuresis ; Left atrial pressure
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary 5 conscious, well trained, female dogs kept on a high sodium intake (14 meq Na/kg bw) were used to measureeft atrial pressure (LAP), urine volume ( $$\dot V$$ ), sodium and potassium excretion (UNa $$\dot V$$ , UK $$\dot V$$ ) as well as plasma osmolality (Posm) before and up to 180 minafter food intake. The dogs were fitted with a catheter in the left atrium (thoracotomy). In all experiments (n=23) LAP increased postprandially (pp) above fasting controls. The mean peak increase range from 4 to 6 cm H2O and was observed as early as 61–80 and as late, as 161–180 min pp. Increase in LAP was closely correlated to V which rose from 36±28 to 160±51 ul/min·kg. pp $$\dot V$$ was also correlated to pp UNa $$\dot V$$ which increased from 4.8±3.3 to 34.0±8.5 ueq/min·kg. The pp increase in LAP and its close relation to pp $$\dot V$$ and pp UNa $$\dot V$$ emphasize the assumption that intrathoracic receptors are involved in the regulation of body fluids.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Pflügers Archiv 381 (1979), S. 143-150 
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Schlagwort(e): Volume regulation ; Atrial pressures ; Postprandial natriuresis ; Renal blood flow ; Conscious dogs
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract Conscious, chronically instrumented dogs (n=24; left and right atrial catheter, electromagnetic flow probe around the left renal artery, carotid loop) were used in 97 expts. to study mechanisms mediating postprandial (pp) excretion of sodium and water up to at least 180 min after food intake. The dogs were kept under standardized conditions and maintained on ahigh (14.5 mmol Na/kg b.w./day) or alow (0.5 mmol Na/kg b.w./day) sodium intake diet (HSI, LSI) which was given once daily in the morning. In HSI dogs left atrial pressure (LAP) increased from a fasting control value of 0.2 kPa (2 cm H2O) to 0.7 kPa (7 cm H2O) (120–180 min pp), right atrial pressure from 0.0 kPa (0 cm H2O) to 0.3 kPa (3 cm H2O). 25% of the sodium intake were excreted up to 180 min pp. There was a highly significant positive correlation between pp sodium excretion (U Na V) and pp LAP.U Na V was not related to pp increase in renal blood flow (RBF) and glomerular filtration rate (GFR). Fractional sodium excretion increased from a fasting control value of 0.6% to more than 4% in HSI dogs and from 3.3% to more than 7% in anadrenalectomized HSI dog. DOCA did not diminishU NA V in HSI dogs. In LSI dogs, RBF and GFR increased pp, LAP did not change pp. No substantial increase inU Na V was observed. The close correlation between ppU Na V and pp LAP in HSI dogs supports the hypothesis that intrathoracic vascular receptors are involved in the mediation of volume regulation by stimulation of still unknown natriuretic mechanisms which operate on the tubular level in the presence of high mineralocorticoid activity.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Pflügers Archiv 354 (1975), S. 287-297 
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Schlagwort(e): Renal Blood Flow ; Conscious Dogs ; High and Low Sodium Intake ; Postprandial
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary Postprandial renal blood flow was studied in 14 conscious dogs on a chronic high and low sodium intake on 72 days after implantation of an electromagnetic flow transducer around the left renal artery. Fasting renal blood flow was 11.7±3.2 ml/min·kg on high sodium intake (43 days) and 11.5±3.3 ml/min·kg on low sodium intake (29 days). During ingestion no change of renal blood flow occurred; mean arterial pressure rose transiently. During digestion renal blood flow increased always and was, like the fasting renal blood flow, independent of the daily sodium intake: maximum increase of renal blood flow of dogs on a high sodium intake was 41±23%, and of dogs on a low sodium intake 35±155 referring to fasting controls; peak increase mostly occurred between 60 and 90 min postprandially and was due to a decrease of renal vascular resistance. Renal blood flow also increased after augmentation of intravascular volume by an intravenous infusion; volume receptors may be involved.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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