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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Meet JOGN NURSING's 1975 Editorial (1975)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of obstetric, gynecologic and neonatal nursing 4 (1975), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1552-6909
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1552-6909.1975.tb00610.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 2
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    A method to improve size estimates of walleye pollock (Theragra chalcogramma) Atka mackerel (Pleurogrammus monopterygius) consumed by pinnipeds: digestion correction factors applied to bones and otoliths recovered in scats (2021)
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/15077 | 403 | 2014-05-27 14:41:10 | 15077 | United States National Marine Fisheries Service
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-02
    Description: The lengths of otoliths and other skeletal structures recovered from the scats of pinnipeds, such as Steller sea lions (Eumetopias jubatus), correlate with body size and can be used to estimate the length of prey consumed. Unfortunately, otoliths are often found in too few scats or are too digested to usefully estimate prey size. Alternative diagnostic bones are frequently recovered, but few bone-size to prey-size correlations exist and bones are also reduced in size by various degrees owing to digestion. To prevent underestimates in prey sizes consumedtechniques are required to account for the degree of digestion of alternative bones prior to estimating prey size. We developed a method (using defined criteria and photo-reference material) to assign the degree of digestion for key cranial structures of two prey species: walleye pollock (Theragra chalcogramma) and Atka mackerel (Pleurogrammus monopterygius). The method grades each structure into one of three condition categories; good, fair or poor. We also conducted feeding trials with captive Steller sea lions, feeding both fish species to determine the extent of erosion of each structure and to derive condition-specific digestion correction factors to reconstruct the original sizes of the structures consumed. In general, larger structures were relatively more digested than smaller ones. Mean size reduction varied between different types of structures (3.3−26.3%), but was not influenced by the size of the prey consumed. Results from the observations and experiments were combined to be able to reconstruct the size of prey consumed by sea lions and other pinnipeds. The proposed method has four steps: 1) measure the recovered structures and grade the extent of digestion by using defined criteria and photo-reference collection; 2) exclude structures graded in poor condition; 3) multiply measurements of structures in good and fair condition by their appropriate digestion correction factors to derive their original size; and 4) calculate the size of prey from allometric regressions relating corrected structure measurements to body lengths. This technique can be readily applied to piscivore dietary studies that use hard remains of fish.
    Keywords: Ecology ; Fisheries
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: article , TRUE
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 498-508
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    PAPER (OA)
  • 3
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    Static inflation and deflation pressure–volume curves from excised lungs of marine mammals (2011)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: Author Posting. © The Author(s), 2011. This is the author's version of the work. It is posted here by permission of The Company of Biologists for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Journal of Experimental Biology 214 (2011): 3822-3828, doi:10.1242/jeb.056366.
    Description: Excised lungs from 8 marine mammal species (harp [Pagophilus groenlandicus], harbor [Phoca vitulina], and gray seal [Halichoerus grypus], Atlantic white-sided [Lagenorhynchus acutus], common [Delphinus delphis] and Risso's dolphin [Grampus griseus], long finned pilot whale [Globicephala melas], and harbor porpoise [Phocoena phocoena]) were used to determine minimum air volume of the relaxed lung (MAV, n = 15) and the elastic properties (pressure-volume curves, n = 24) of the respiratory system, and total lung capacity (TLC). Our data indicate that mass-specific TLC (sTLC, l • kg-1) does not differ between species or groups (odontocete vs. phocid) and agree with that estimated (TLCest) from body mass (Mb) by: TLCest = 0.135 • Mb 0.92. Measured MAV was on average 7% of TLC, with a range from 0% to 16%. The pressure-volume curves were similar among species on inflation but diverged during deflation in phocids as compared with odontocetes. These differences provide a structural basis for observed species differences in depth at which lungs collapse and gas exchange ceases.
    Description: This project was supported by a grant from the Office of Naval Research (ONR award number N00014-10-1-0059; Dr. Loring was supported by HL 52586 from the National Institutes of Health.
    Description: 2012-11-15
    Keywords: Lung mechanics ; Total lung capacity ; Minimum air volume ; Excised lung ; Diving physiology
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Preprint
    Format: application/pdf
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