Keywords:
Science and state.
;
Electronic books.
Description / Table of Contents:
No detailed description available for "The Changing Frontier".
Type of Medium:
Online Resource
Pages:
1 online resource (441 pages)
Edition:
1st ed.
ISBN:
9780226286860
Series Statement:
National Bureau of Economic Research Conference Report
URL:
https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/geomar/detail.action?docID=2130454
DDC:
338.9/26
Language:
English
Note:
Intro -- Contents -- Preface -- Introduction by Adam B. Jaffe and Benjamin F. Jones -- The Organization of Scientific Research -- The Geography of Innovation -- Entrepreneurship and Market-Based Innovation -- Historical Perspective on Science Institutions and Paradigms -- Concluding Comments -- References -- I. The Organization of Scientific Research -- 1. Why and Wherefore of Increased Scientific Collaboration by Richard B. Freeman, Ina Ganguli, and Raviv Murciano-Goroff -- 1.1 The Growing Trend of International Collaboration -- 1.2 Survey of Corresponding Authors -- 1.3 Collaborations over Distance -- 1.4 Survey Evidence -- 1.5 Toward an Economics of Scientific Collaborations -- Appendix -- 2. The (Changing) Knowledge Production Function: Evidence from the MIT Department of Biology for 1970-2000 by Annamaria Conti and Christopher C. Liu -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Empirical Setting -- 2.3 Trends in Scientific Productivity of Graduate Students and Postdocs -- 2.4 Conclusions and Policy Implications -- References -- 3. Collaboration, Stars, and the Changing Organization of Science: Evidence from Evolutionary Biology by Ajay Agrawal, John McHale, and Alexander Oettl -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Data -- 3.3 Participation: A Broadening Base -- 3.5 Collaboration: Increasing across Distance and Rank -- 3.6 Improved Collaboration Technology and the Distributionof Scientific Output: An Integrating Model -- 3.7 Discussion: Normative Implications of Star Location -- References -- Comment by Julia Lane -- References -- 4. Credit History: The Changing Nature of Scientific Credit by Joshua S. Gans and Fiona Murray -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Credit and the Organization of Science -- 4.3 Credit History -- 4.4 Formal Model -- 4.5 Some Implications -- 4.6 Conclusions and Future Directions -- References -- II. The Geography of Innovation.
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5. The Rise of International Coinvention by Lee Branstetter, Guangwei Li, and Fransisco Veloso -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Background -- 5.3 Data Sources and Trends -- 5.4 Empirical Model and Results -- 5.5 Peering inside Coinvention: Lessons from Interviews of Multinational R& -- D Personnel -- 5.6 Conclusions and Implications -- References -- 6. Information Technology and the Distribution of Inventive Activity by Chris Forman, Avi Goldfarb, and Shane Greenstein -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Data -- 6.3 Empirical Strategy and Results -- Conclusion -- References -- III. Entrepreneurship and Market-Based Innovation -- 7. Innovation and Entrepreneurship in Renewable Energy by Ramana Nanda, Ken Younge, and Lee Fleming -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 Data -- 7.3 Results -- 7.4 Venture Capital Financing of Renewable Energy Start- Ups -- Appendix B: New Measure of Novelty -- References -- 8. Economic Value Creation in Mobile Applications by Timothy F. Bresnahan, Jason P. Davis, and Pai-Ling Yin -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 Innovation in Platform-Based Industries -- 8.3 Matching Apps to Customers: App Store Rankings -- 8.4 Data -- 8.5 App Success is Highly Concentrated -- 8.6 Short-Run Dynamics -- 8.7 "Top List" Implications for Market Development -- 8.8 The Economic Return to the Development of New Apps -- 8.9 Developer Behavior: Platform Choice and Multihoming -- 8.10 Alternative Equilibrium Scenarios -- 8.11 Conclusion -- References -- 9. State Science Policy Experiments by Maryann Feldman and Laura Lanahan -- 9.1 Background on State Science Policy -- 9.2 Methods -- 9.3 Empirical Results -- 9.4 Discussion -- 9.5 Reflective Conclusions -- References -- IV. Historical Perspectives on Science Institutions and Paradigms -- 10. The Endless Frontier: Reaping What Bush Sowed? by Paula Stephan -- 10.1 Introduction.
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10.2 The Scientific Landscape Circa the 1940s and The Endless Frontier -- 10.3 Early Years of the NIH and the NSF -- 10.4 The University Response to Capacity Building: The 1960s -- 10.5 The 1970s-2012 -- 10.6 Taking Stock -- 10.7 Stresses to the System -- 10.8 Concluding Thoughts -- Appendix -- References -- Comment by Bruce A. Weinberg -- References -- 11. Algorithms and the Changing Frontier by Hezekiah Agwara, Philip Auerswald, and Brian Higginbotham -- 11.1 Introduction -- 11.2 Changing Frontiers in the United States -- 11.3 Production Recipes, Standards, and Interoperability -- 11.4 Globalization Is Really Standardization -- 11.5 Using Quality Management Standards to Map the Movement of the Algorithmic Frontier -- 11.6 Algorithms and the Process of Discovery -- 11.7 Conclusion -- Appendix: ISO Management Standards (ISO 2012) -- References -- Comment by Timothy Simcoe -- Algorithmic Production -- Standards and Globalization -- Concluding Thoughts -- References -- Contributors -- Author Index -- Subject Index.
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