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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Diffusion controlled radiochemical oxidation of low density polyethylene-II. Kinetic modelling
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    International Journal of Radiation Applications & Instrumentation. Part C, 33 (1989), S. 329-335 
    Details
    ISSN: 1359-0197
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/1359-0197(89)90028-3
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Gel chromatographic behaviour of bisphenols
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Journal of Chromatography A 75 (1973), S. 87-92 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9673
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0021-9673(01)83415-4
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Antioxydative Aktivität der Phenole, die Substituenten mit O-, S- und N-Heteroatomen enthalten, bei der Tetralinoxydation (1978)
    Springer
    Colloid & polymer science 256 (1978), S. 609-609 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01639278
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chemiluminescence of hydrocarbon polymers (1987)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 25 (1987), S. 1205-1217 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The thermal oxidation of some hydrecarbon polymers differing by their degree of branching was studied simultaneously by chemiluminescence and infrared spectrophotometry. In the case of isotactic polypropylene, measurements were made at various temperatures ranging from 140 to 180°C. The other polymers - ethylene-propylene copolymer, low and high density polyethylene - were studied only at 160°C. In all cases, the induction times of chemiluminescence coincide with those of carbonyl growth. The previously proposed mechanisms of light emission are not consistent with the kinetic data or with the structure effects on luminescence, which seems directly related with the presence of tertiary hydrogens. A hypothetical mechanism based on the β scission of tertiary alkoxyls is proposed.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pola.1987.080250502
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Antioxidants and stabilizers, LXXIX. Effects of products of the oxidative transformation of 4,4′-thio-bis(2-methyl-6-tert-butylphenol) on the oxidation of polypropylenePart LXXVIII: Chem. Ind. London, submitted. (1979)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie 82 (1979), S. 197-205 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Der Einfluß der Produkte aus der oxidativen Umwandlung von 4,4′-Thio-bis(2-methyl-6-tert-butylphenol) (I) auf die Oxidation des isotaktischen Polypropylens bei 180°C wurde untersucht. Alle schwefelenthaltenden Umwandlungsprodukte haben antioxidative Wirkung. Diese Aktivität wurde durch Erhöhung der Oxidationsstufe des Schwefels in der Reihenfolge S〉SO〉SO2 vermindert. Mischungen aus 4,4′-Methylenbis(2-methyl-6-tert-butylphenol) und Didodecyl-3,3′-thiodipropionat wurden zum Vergleich mit den Thiobisphenolen benutzt, die als intramolekulares synergetisches System betrachtet werden. Es wurde gefunden, daß die antioxidative Wirkung der Mischungen ungefähr dreimal höher ist als die des equivalenten Thiobisphenols. Eine Verdopplung des Schwefelgehaltes gegenüber dem phenolischen Hydroxyl verursacht eine 1,4-fache Erhöhung der Aktivität bei beiden antioxidativen Systemen. Dieses Resultat kann man als Beweis für die heterosynergetische Wirkung in beiden Systemen betrachten.
    Notes: Effects of products of the oxidative transformation of 4,4′-thio-bis(2-methyl-6-tert-butylphenol) (I) on the oxidation of isotactic polypropylene at 180°C were investigated. All the transformation products possessing sulphur in their molecule exhibit antioxidative activity, but this activity decreases with the increasing degree of oxidation of sulphur in the molecule in the order S〉SO≥SO2. Along with thiobisphenols, regarded as intramolecular synergistic systems, mixtures of 4,4′-methylene-bis(2-methyl-6-tert-butylphenol) with didodecyl-3,3′-thiodipropionate were also investigated. It was found that the antioxidative activity of mixtures was approximately three times that of the equivalent thiobisphenols. On the other hand, however, a twofold increase in the sulphur content with respect to the phenolic hydroxyl makes the relative activity increase 1.4 times in both systems. This finding may be regarded as evidence of the heterosynergistic activity of both systems.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/apmc.1979.050820115
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Antioxidants and stabilizers LXIX. Effect of products of the oxidation transformation of 4,4′-thio-bis(2-methyl-6-tert-butylphenol) on the oxidation of tetralinPart LXVIII: Eur. Polym. J. 13 (1977) 975. (1978)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie 70 (1978), S. 135-143 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Der einfluß der Produkte der oxidativen Umwandlung von 4,4′-Thio-bis(2-methyl-6-tert.-butylphenol), einem Antioxidans für Polyolefine, auf die durch 2,2′-Azobisisobutyronitril bei 60°C oder durch Tetralylhydroperoxid bei 120°C initiierte Autoxidation von Tetralin wurde studiert. Fast alle schwefelenthaltenden Produkte hatten eine antioxidative Wirkung. Ihre Bildung unter Bedingungen, die die Autoxidation von Polyolefinen inhibieren, und ihre Wirksamkeit unter verschiedenen Initiierungsbedingungen bestätigen die Gültigkeit eines kombinierten Mechanismus der Wirkung der phenolischen Antioxidantien, die in ihrem Molekül sulfidisch gebundenen Schwefel enthalten. Gleichzeitig wurde die aktive Rolle der Umwandlungsprodukte des ursprünglich anwesenden Antioxidans während des Autoxidationsprozesses gezeigt. Die Verbindungen des 4,4′-Thiobisphenol-Typs verlieren ihre stabilisierende Wirkung erst nach der Umwandlung in Produkte mit einer chinoiden Struktur oder in Sulfone.
    Notes: The effect of products of the oxidation transformation of an antioxidant for polyolefins, 4,4′-thio-bis(2-methyl-6-tert-butylphenol), on the oxidation of tetralin initiated with 2,2′-azobis(isobutyronitrile) at 60°C, and with tetralylhydroperoxide at 120°C was investigated. Nearly all investigated sulphur-containing compounds possessed antioxidative activity. Their formation under conditions which inhibit the oxidation of polyolefins and the comparison of their effectivity observed for various modes of the initiation of oxidation show that there exist two mechanisms by which antioxidants containing sulphidic sulphur in their molecule may be operative and indicate which transformation products of the originally present antioxidant take part in the autoxidation. The antioxidative activity of compounds of the thiobisphenol type is lost only after complete transformation into products of a quinoid type and into sulphon.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/apmc.1978.050700112
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Antioxidantien und stabilisatoren. LXXX. Antioxidative eigenschaften von amiden der phosphorigen säureMitt. LXXIX: L. Jiráčková, J. Pospíšil, Angew. Makromol. Chem. 82 (1979) 197. (1979)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie 82 (1979), S. 207-215 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: The antioxidative activity of a series of aromatic and aliphatic esteramides of pyrocatecholphosphorous acid was determined at 180°C in isotactic polypropylene and at 60°C in tetralin. The highest activity was found with aromatic derivatives. The oxidation of tetralin was retarded after the induction period using all esteramides under study. A similar retardation effect was found in the stabilization of polypropylene only in the presence of aromatic esteramides. The mechanism of antioxidative activity is based on the reactivity of nitroxide radicals formed during the process.
    Notes: Aromatische und aliphatische Amide von Brenzcatechinphosphorigsäureestern wurden auf ihre antioxidative Wirksamkeit untersucht. Es wurde der Einfluß dieser Verbindungen auf die Oxidation von isotaktischem Polypropylen bei 180°C und die Oxidation von Tetralin bei 60°C untersucht. Die größte Aktivität wurde für die aromatischen Derivate festgestellt. Die Oxidation des Tetralins war bei allen untersuchten Verbindungen, selbst nach der Induktionsperiode, eindeutig verzögert. Bei der Oxidation des isotaktischen Polypropylens trat diese Retardierung nur bei den aromatischen Esteramiden auf. Den Mechanismus der antioxidativen Wirkung kann man aus der Reaktivität der entstehenden Nitroxidradikale ableiten.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/apmc.1979.050820116
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Antioxidantien und Stabilisatoren, 82. Antioxidative Eigenschaften von Amiden der PhosphorsäureMitt. LXXXI: L. Taimr, J. Pospíšil, Angew. Makromol. Chem. 92 (1980) 53. (1980)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie 92 (1980), S. 65-72 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: The antioxidative activity of aromatic and aliphatic amides of catechol phosphoric acid was determined at 60°C in the AIBN-initiated oxidation of tetralin and at 180°C of isotactic polypropylene. A chain breaking activity was observed only for phosphoric acid ester amides based on primary amines. The antioxidative activity is, however, much lower than that of the derivatives of phosphorous acid amides. A mechanism of action of amides of catechol phosphoric and phosphorous acid is discussed.
    Notes: Aromatische und aliphatische Amide der Brenzcatechylphosphorsäure wurden auf ihre Wirksamkeit als Antioxidantien überprüft. Es wurde der Einfluß dieser Verbindungen auf die AIBN-initiierte Oxidation von Tetralin bei 60°C sowie auf die Oxidation von isotaktischem Polypropylen bei 180°C untersucht. Eine Aktivität der untersuchten Verbindungen als kettenabbrechende Antioxidantien tritt nur bei Phosphorsäureamiden, die sich von primären Aminen ableiten, auf. Gegenüber Derivaten der phosphorigen Säure ist die antioxidative Aktivität wesentlich erniedrigt. Es wird ein Wirkungsmechanismus von Esteramiden der Phosphor- bzw. phosphorigen Säure als radikalkettenabbrechende Antioxidantien diskutiert.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/apmc.1980.050920106
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Radical reactions in the co-ordination sphere of transition metals. XIIIFor Part XII see Ref. 24.Radicals derived from 4,4′- and 2,2′-Alkylidenebisphenolic Antioxidants (1982)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Organic Magnetic Resonance 19 (1982), S. 153-159 
    Details
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Radical species were generated from 4,4′;- and 2,2′;-alkylidenebisphenols during oxidation with free and co-ordinated [Co(III)]RO2·Radicals. This simulates the participation of bisphenolic antioxidants in the process of stabilization of hydrocarbons. Phenoxyls are primarily formed, and, depending on the character of the alkylidene bridge, some of them are gradually transformed into phenoxy radicals of the galvinoxyl type. Oxidation of alkylidenebisphenols by oxygen complexed to Co(II) yields co-ordinated cyclohexadienonyloxy radicals. The character of the alkyl substituents on the phenolic nuclei specifically influences the stability of the generated phenoxy radicals at the applied temperature. The ESR characteristics of the primarily formed phenoxyls, phenoxyls of the galvinoxyl type and co-ordinated cyclohexadienonyloxyls are discussed.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrc.1270190310
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Radical reactions in the co-ordination sphere of transition metals IXFor Part VIII see Ref. 1. - phenoxy and cyclohexadienonyloxy radicals derived from 2,2′-biphenyldiols and 2,2′-thiobisphenols (1980)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Organic Magnetic Resonance 14 (1980), S. 171-176 
    Details
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: From a series of antioxidants comprising 2,2′-biphenyldiols, 2,2′-thiobisphenols and 2,2′-dithiobisphenol, free phenoxyls were prepared by oxidation with tert-butylperoxyls co-ordinated to Co(III) in non-polar media at ambient temperature. Both the effect of extended conjugation as a consequence of the direct bond between the two aromatic nuclei and, also, the steric effect of alkyl substituents could be observed. In the presence of free tert-butylperoxyls in excess, primary phenoxyls are transformed into cyclohexadienonyloxyls, which form stable radical complexes with Co(III). A mechanism for the formation of the cyclohexadienonyloxyls is suggested.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrc.1270140305
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