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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Perioral contact dermatitis caused by L-carvone in toothpaste (1998)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Contact dermatitis 38 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0536
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Contact sensitivity to toothpaste is rare and usually due to preservatives or flavourings, of the latter, mint components being the most important sensitizers (1).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0536.1998.tb05771.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Basophil histamine release in patients with birch pollen hypersensitivity with and without allergic symptoms to fruits (1992)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Allergy 47 (1992), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Histamine release (HR) studies were performed in 40 birch pollen-allergic patients (positive case history, positive SPT, positive birch pollen-specific serum IgE: RAST ≤ 3) with (n= 20, A) and without (n= 20, B) fruit hypersensitivity, and 10 nonatopic volunteers (C). Several fruit allergens were used and characterized by protein determination and immunoblot techniques. Dose-dependent HR (apple peel = apple pulp〉 peach = cherry) was demonstrated in both allergic groups, but to a higher extent in patients with fruit allergy (P 〈 0.01). Increased basophil sensitivity to birch pollen was found in the group with fruit allergy (P 〈 0.001). Strong correlations between the mediator response induced by several fruits indicate common allergens within the extracts. We conclude that fruit-related symptoms require not only high specific serum IgE, but a strong cellular sensitization to birch pollen allergens together with an increased cellular reactivity to fruit allergens.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1398-9995.1992.tb02384.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Predominance of the major allergen (Alt a I) in Alternaria sensitized patients (1993)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 23 (1993), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Thirty-nine patients sensitized to Alternaria were evaluated using titrated skin-prick test (SPT), histamine release studies (HR), inhibition of RAST and immunoblotting studies. To determine the relevance of the major allergen, Alt a I, specific rabbit antibodies against Alt a I and Alt a B were used. The antibodies were preincubated at different concentrations: (i) with the Alternaria allergen dose required for maximum response in the HR assay (10 BU/ml) and (ii) with the Alternaria antigen coupled to RAST paper discs (1000 BU/disc). Dose dependent inhibition of histamine release (n= 30, x̄= 80%± 4%, IC30 = 0.69 μg/ml) and of RAST (n= 7, IC30 = 4.4 μg/ml) was found in all patients sensitized to Alternaria as indicated by allergen induced HR. The greater the response to Alternaria in HR, the higher the antibody concentrations necessary for inhibition (P〈0.05). Immunoblot experiments (n=25) using SDS-PAGE showed in all cases IgE- and IgG binding at approximately 28 kD, which is the size reported for the major allergen. All a I. In two cases, slight IgE binding at 45 and 66 kD was also found, while in two other patients, only IgE binding at 66 kD was seen. Our findings emphasize the major importance of Alt a I in patients sensitized to Alternaria.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2222.1993.tb00884.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    IgE, IgG, IgG1 and IgG4 patterns in yellow jacket allergic patients during immunotherapy with a venom depot extract (1992)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 22 (1992), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Using immunoblot studies, detailed antibody patterns were performed with the sera of 10 yellow jacket allergic patients undergoing specific immunotherapy with a yellow jacket venom SQ-depot extract (ALK, Denmark). Five males and five females (age range 10–65, mean 48 years) were investigated. All patients had a history of systemic reactions after an insect sting and a positive skin-prick test at a dose of at least 100 μg/ml yellow jacket venom.Yellow jacket venom (ALK) was separated on a 7.5–20% SDS–PAGE, transferred to nitrocellulose (NC), and then the NC-strips were incubated with the patients’sera. For detection of IgE, IgG, IgG1 and IgG4, an alkaline phosphatase linked 2nd antibody was used. Prior to immunotherapy, a strong IgE binding was detected at 25 kD in nine of 10 patients, representing Antigen-5 (Ag-5) as major allergen. Reactivity to this antigen was also present with the other immunoglobulin classes, although not as marked. In addition, a second frequent IgG and IgG1-binding band was seen at 35 kD (phospholipase A). Only weak or no binding to this band was found with IgE and IgG4. Binding to hyaluronidase (43 kD) was seen only in three cases.During immunotherapy, a significant increase in IgG and particularly IgG4 staining was found with Ag-5, whereas hyaluronidase induces mainly an IgG1 response and phospolipase A showed only a weak IgG response. In addition, the formation of new IgG4 binding to proteins in the region of about 70–90 kD was found in most patients. The dose necessary for the induction of this antibody formation was ≥ 150.00 SQ yellow jacket venom. We conclude that the increase in the total amount of specific IgG4 to an allergen extract (protein mixture) during immunotherapy gives no information about the increase of IgG4 to the patient's special major allergen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2222.1992.tb03086.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparison of the Phadebas RAST with the Pharmacia CAP system for insect venom (1992)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Allergy 47 (1992), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Determination of specific IgE by RAST is a well-established method in the diagnosis of immediate allergic reactions. In this study, we have compared the RAST with the ImmunoCAP, a novel test system which is based on a new type of solid phase. A total of 123 sera from 111 insect venom-allergic patients (74% female) were investigated. All patients had their diagnosis confirmed on the basis of their history and skin tests with insect venom. The patients’ age showed a mean ± S of 44.2 ± 14.6 years. The total serum IgE levels ranged from 4-1712 kU/1, with a median of 108 kU/1. The results of specific IgE, as determined by RAST and CAP, showed a significantly higher sensitivity, by almost one class, with the CAP compared with the RAST system. The quotient of specific IgE to total IgE, determined with the CAP system, could not be shown to be an expression of sensitization, compared with the severity of sting reactions (Müller classification (16)). A conversion factor for vespid venom RAST to CAP was calculated from the present data by subtracting the RAST from the CAP values. The mean delta value ± SD was found to be 0.9 ± 0.65, with a range from −0.8 to 2.7 and a median of 0.9. The data clearly show the differences between RAST and CAP-RAST classes, indicating that the CAP-system has a higher sensitivity and that patients with a low level sensitization are missed by the RAST method.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1398-9995.1992.tb00653.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Yellow jacket allergy (1992)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Allergy 47 (1992), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The aim of the present study was to compare yellow jacket venom extracts from two different companies and to compare skin prick test (SPT) with intradermal test (IDT). IDT and SPT with yellow jacket venom (ALK and Pharmacia Reless®) were performed on 54 yellow jacket allergic patients and 44 symptom-free volunteers. Venom was diluted to 300, 100, 10 and 1 μ/ml for SPT and 100, 10−1, 10−2, 10−3 and 10−4μ/ml for IDT, according to the manufacturers’instructions. Skin tests were performed on both forearms. Both extracts showed approximately the same relationship between sensitivity and specificity, but the Pharmacia Reless yellow jacket venom extract showed a 5–10 fold higher biological activity in both SPT and IDT. Thus yellow jacket venoms of ALK and Pharmacia Reless are not comparable in allergen activity at the same venom concentrations. Using extracts from the same company, SPT and IDT were comparable with regard to sensitivity and specificity at an allergen concentration 1000 times higher for SPT than for IDT.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1398-9995.1992.tb02247.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dermal and bronchial hyperreactivity in urticarial dermographisrn and urticaria factitia (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Allergy 51 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: For investigation of a possible relationship between cutaneous and bronchial hyperreactivity, 74 subjects were grouped according to the presence (n= 33) or absence (n= 41) of urticarial dermographism after application of a standardized shearing pressure with a dermographometer (12.7 × 105 Pa). The two groups did not differ in age, sex, smoking habits, presence of urticaria and atopy, or serum IgE levels. Erythema of the dermographic test sites was always significantly greater (P〈 0.001) in the group with urticarial dermographism at 2, 4, and 8 min, and cutaneous reactivity with titrated prick tests was significantly increased in this group with low concentrations of histamine, 0.01% and substance P (0.25 mM) (P〈0.05). After bronchial provocation with acetylcholine, 51 of the 74 subjects, 25 with and 26 without urticarial dermographism, exhibited bronchial hyperreactivity. However, significantly more subjects with urticarial dermographism had an increase in airway resistance and a decrease in specific airway conductance (P〈0.05). In the subgroup (n= 9) of subjects with symptomatic urticarial dermographism (urticaria factitia), these differences were even more significant (P〈 0.001). These subjects also had larger skin test reactions and significantly higher IgE levels (P〈0.01). Thus, the present data show an association, which may be based on common mechanisms of allergic inflammation, between cutaneous and bronchial hyperreactivity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1398-9995.1996.tb04582.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The isolation and characterization of the chicken lysozyme and ovomucoid gene
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Journal of Steroid Biochemistry 12 (1980), S. 211-218 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-4731
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0022-4731(80)90270-8
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Honeybee venom allergy: immunoblot studies in allergic patients after immunotherapy and before sting challenge (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Allergy 51 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: By immunoblot techniques, detailed antibody studies were performed with sera of 20 honeybee-venom-allergic patients during or at the end of specific immunotherapy (median duration: 3 years) and before honeybee sting challenge. Before immunotherapy, all patients had experienced systemic allergic reactions to a honeybee sting, with a mean severity of 3.5 ± 0.5 according to the Muller classification. After the sting challenge, 10 patients (reactors) reacted again with a systemic allergic reaction, whereas 10 patients (nonreactors) did not. No differences were observed between reactors and nonreactors in total serum IgE and specific IgE to honeybee venom at the time of challenge. For immunoblot, honeybee venom (RELESS) was separated on 7.5–20% SDS-PAGE. For detection of specific IgE, IgG, IgG1, IgG4, and IgM, an alkaline phosphatase-linked second antibody was used. Both groups showed 11 antibody-binding bands: at 52, 46, 40, 31, 18.7. 16.9, 13, 11, 10, 9, and 8 kDa; however, the antibody-binding pattern was individual. The reactors differed from nonreactors in showing intense IgE and less IgG4 binding to at least one single component of the venom extract. For nonreactors, the inverse relationship was observed. The hypothesis, “intensity of IgE ≥ IgG4 leads to allergic symptoms”, was highly significant (P = 0.00026; chi-square). These immunoblot findings could offer predictive value in distinguishing reactors from nonreactors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1398-9995.1996.tb04666.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Multiple IgE-mediated sensitizations to enzymes after occupational exposure: evaluation by skin prick test, RAST, and immunoblot (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Allergy 52 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: We investigated 10 sensitized and 10 nonsensitized workers from a pharmaceutic factory who had been exposed to powdered trypsin, chymotrypsin, bromclain, papain, amylase, and lipase. Ten nonallergic subjects served as a control group. Titrated skin prick tests (SPT), RAST, and immunoblot studies were performed with all six enzymes. SPT reactivity revealed multiple sensitizations to proteolytic enzymes, i.e., papain (specifically sensitized/total number of sensitizations: 9/10), trypsin (8/10), chymotrypsin (8/10), and bromelain (7/10) and appeared to be more frequent and more pronounced than sensitizations to amylase (3/10) or lipase (3/10). The low molecular weight of proteolytic enzymes (20–30 kDa) and their biologic activity might facilitate mucosal penetration more easily and thus - compared to amylase and lipase - permit an immune response and induction of allergic hypersensitivity. Immunoblot studies demonstrated IgG-binding bands in both SPT-positive and -negative workers, indicating exposure to the enzymes, but not in 10 unexposed control subjects. IgE-binding bands of the enzymes were detected only in workers with a positive SPT reaction and/or a positive RAST result. IgG bands were more frequent and the IgG/IgE ratio was increased in workers without allergic complaints compared to symptomatic workers. This might indicate that high levels of specific IgG antibodies to enzymes arc associated with an immune response lacking allergic manifestations in spite of IgE-mediated sensitizations to the enzymes. Atopic subjects were at greater risk of developing IgE-mediated sensitization (7/10) and allergic symptoms to enzymes (5/7). However, even without risk of atopy, IgE-mediated hypersensitivity occurred in a few subjects (3/13) exposed to enzymes by inhalation for prolonged periods of time.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1398-9995.1997.tb01253.x
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