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  • 1
    ISSN: 1365-2044
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Clinical studies on pre-emptive analgesia have produced inconsistent results. We conducted a clinical study investigating the effect of long-lasting pre-emptive epidural analgesia on consumption of analgesics and acute pain. Forty-two patients scheduled for elective hip replacement for osteo-arthritis were randomly assigned to receive, on the day before operation, either 5 ml.h−1 ropivacaine 0.2% (study group, n = 21) or 5 ml.h−1 saline (control group, n = 21). Postoperative analgesia was achieved in both groups by patient-controlled epidural analgesia (PCEA) with ropivacaine 0.2%. The main outcome measure was consumption of local anaesthetics. Additional parameters included visual analogue pain scale (VAS) scores, consumption of rescue analgesics, requests for PCEA boluses, and side-effects. The pre-operative parameters and pain scores were similar in the two groups. Epidural blocks provided sufficient operative analgesia in all patients. Pre-emptive analgesia was continued for 11–20 h and led to significantly decreased pain scores before surgery. The consumption of local anaesthetics was decreased postoperatively in the study group (194 mg vs. 284 mg in the postoperative period). Furthermore, bolus requests occurred more frequently in the control group. VAS scores did not differ significantly between groups. Long-lasting ‘pre-emptive’ epidural analgesia decreases postoperative pain with improved pain control.
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1434-3924
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Osteochondrosis dissecans ; Operative Therapie ; Konservative Therapie ; MRT ; Key words Osteochondritis dissecans ; Surgical treatment ; Non-operative treatment ; Conservative treatment ; MRI
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: In this study the course of osteochondritis dissecans at two often affected areas, the femoral condyles of the knee joint and the talus at the upper ankle joint, is evaluated by studying and comparing the medium-term outcome in 40 patients treated conservatively and 72 patients treated surgically by arthroscopy. The criterion of assessment was magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), which shows a close correlation to the arthroscopic stages of osteochondritis. The stages on MRI follow the morphology of the interface, i.e., the zone between the osteochondral fragment and the parent bone, on T1- and T2-weighted images. After 18 and 24 months there were no substantial differences visible on MRI between the two different treatment groups. In fact, in the majority of cases (〉 60%) the MRI result was the same in spite of the treatment that had been carried out. Arthroscopic treatment compared to conservative treatment resulted in a small percentage in a reintegration in the sense of upgrading on the MRI (36% to 30%); nevertheless, a disintegration could not be avoided in all cases (4%). In both treatment groups the age of the patient seems to play an important role in the course of osteochondritis, juvenile forms following a milder course than adult forms.
    Notes: In der vorliegenden Studie wird die Entwicklung der Osteochondrosis dissecans (OD) im Bereich 2er häufiger Lokalisationen, an den Femurkondylen des Kniegelenks und der Talusrolle des oberen Sprunggelenks, einerseits nach konservativer Therapie (40 Patienten) und andererseits nach operativer, arthroskopischer Therapie (72 Patienten) im mittelfristigen Verlauf geprüft und miteinander verglichen. Als Beurteilungskriterium wurde die MRT herangezogen, die eine enge Korrelation mit den arthroskopischen Stadien der OD aufweist. Die Stadieneinteilung in der MRT erfolgte anhand der Morphologie des sog. Grenzsaums, d. h. der Zone zwischen osteochondralem Herd und Mausbett, in der T 1 - und T 2 -gewichteten Spinechosequenz. Wesentliche Unterschiede zwischen den beiden Behandlungsgruppen bezüglich der Darstellung in der MRT zeigten sich im mittelfristigen Verlauf (18 bzw. 24 Monate) nicht. In der Mehrzahl der Fälle, (〉 60%) blieb der kernspintomographische Befund trotz der durchgeführten Therapie unverändert. Die arthroskopische Behandlung führte, im Vergleich zur konservativen Therapie, in einem geringfügig höheren Prozentsatz (36% im Vergleich zu 30%) zu einer kernspintomographisch nachgewiesenen Reintegration im Sinn eines upgradings, sie konnte eine Desintegration der OD jedoch nicht in allen Fällen verhindern (4%). In beiden Behandlungsgruppen nahm das Lebensalter Einfluß auf den Verlauf der OD mit günstigeren Verläufen bei der juvenilen als bei der adulten Form.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1433-044X
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Osteochondrosis dissecans ; Stabilitätsbeurteilung ; Konventionelle Radiologie ; MRT ; Key words Osteochondritis dissecans ; Fragment stability ; Radiography ; MRI
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: A prospective study was performed on 72 patients with osteochondritis dissecans (OD) of the knee and ankle to compare plane radiography, MRI and arthroscopy before therapeutic procedures. Special interest was placed on the assessment of fragment stability with radiological methods for staging related therapy. OD was localized in 46 cases on the femoral condyle and in 26 cases on the talus. Radiological methods were performed simultaneously and shortly before definite arthroscopical therapy. Using conventional radiography, OD of the condyles was staged according to the classification of Rodegerdts and Gleissner and OD of the talus suggested by Berndt and Harty. MRI staging was performed by morphology of the interface of the OD. Arthroscopical staging based on the classification of Guhl. There was an excellent correlation between the stages in MRI and arthroscopy, showing correct prediction of stable and unstable fragments in 92%. In contrast, fragment stability could not be efficiently assessed by conventional radiology because fragments could be stably fixed in cases of bony separation. MRI is indicated before performance of staging-related therapy of OD to select patients with stable fragments for conservative therapy and those with unstable OD for surgical therapy.
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1433-044X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: A prospective study was performed on 30 patients with anterior instability of the shoulder to assess the diagnostic value of preoperative arthro-CT. One special diagnostic problem was the definition of diagnostic criteria for arthroscopic or open surgery. Arthro-CT of the shoulder was performed with a double-contrast technique. Visualization of labral tears, bony lesions, glenohumeral ligaments and disruption of the rotator cuff was registered. Findings of arthro-CT were verified by diagnostic arthroscopy. Therapy consisted of either arthroscopic or open surgery depending on the lesion pattern found in diagnostic arthroscopy. The most common cause of anterior instability (90% of cases) was damage of the ventro-caudal labral complex, which was diagnosed by arthro-CT with a sensitivity of 93% and a positive predictive value of 93%. Specificity and negative predictive value were reduced to 33%; the overall accuracy was 87%. In all, 16 patients were successfully treated using arthroscopic stabilization because whereas 14 patients required open surgery because diagnostic arthroscopy contraindicated an arthroscopic approach. The preoperative arthro-CT failed to define all criteria mandatory for the decision for arthroscopic or open surgery because pathoanatomy of the joint was not sufficiently demonstrated with the current technique of arthro-CT.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Der Unfallchirurg 99 (1996), S. 665-670 
    ISSN: 1433-044X
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter: Hämarthros ; Kniegelenkerguß ; MRT-Arthroskopie ; Therapieplanung ; Key words: Hemarthrosis ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Arthroscopy ; Treatment
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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