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  • 1
    Book
    Book
    Distribution and relative abundance of demersal fishes from beam trawl surveys in the Irish Sea (ICES division VIIa) 1993 - 2001 (2004)
    Lowestoft : Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science
    Details Availability
    Keywords: Bericht ; Tabelle ; Irische See ; Fischbestand ; Verteilung ; Schleppnetzfischerei
    Type of Medium: Book
    Pages: 68 S , Ill., graph. Darst., Kt
    Series Statement: Science series technical report 120
    Language: English
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Molecular breeding for the genetic improvement of forage crops and turf : proceedings of the 4th International Symposium on the Molecular Breeding of Forage and Turf, a satellite workshop of the XXth International Grassland Congress, July 2005, Aberystwyth, Wales (2005)
    Wageningen : Wageningen Academic
    Details Availability
    Keywords: Plant molecular genetics ; Plant molecular genetics ; Forage plants ; Breeding ; Turfgrasses ; Breeding ; Electronic books
    Description / Table of Contents: Grassland covers 26% of the world's total land area. It produces feed for livestock; maintains soil fertility; protects and conserves soil and water resources; creates a habitat for wildlife; provides recreational space for sport and leisure and contributes to the general landscape. This book provides an up-to-date account of progress and potential in the genetic improvement of grassland to meet all needs. It encompasses work on a wide range of temperate and tropical grassland species (including grasses, clovers and other forage legumes) and will interest all those concerned with grassland use in livestock-based agriculture, recreation, environmental protection, bio-industry etc. Specifically, it demonstrates how recent advances in molecular techniques are being used to develop breeding objectives and strategies with key-note papers on: Objectives and benefits of molecular breeding, Linkage/physical mapping and map-based cloning, QTL analysis and trait dissection, Genomics, model species, gene discovery and functional analysis, Use of molecular markers and bioinformatics for breeding, Molecular genetics and breeding of endosymbiont and grass/legume associations, Transgenics, Genetic diversity, breeding systems and resources Future directions for research and breeding. State-of-the-art molecular techniques and resources are described that encompass a unique range of expertise in genetic mapping, trait dissection, comparative genomics, bioinformatics, gene discovery and risk assessment. Examples of work in progress or recently completed are provided from across the world. The book has broad educational value and will interest plant geneticists and breeders as well as grassland users and policy makers.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: 286 p. , ill.
    ISBN: 9789086865550
    URL: https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/kxp/detail.action?docID=3572047
    DDC: 584.913
    Language: English
    Note: Includes indexes
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Water-soluble carbohydrates in perennial ryegrass breeding (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Grass and forage science 44 (1989), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Water-soluble carbohydrate (WSC) contents of the early heading perennial ryegrass cultivar Aurora and five late heading cultivars were assessed in samples from 1 m × 2 m plots cut eight times in 1983 and five times in 1984. Despite fluctuations due to effects of the environment and plant development, the ranking of the cultivars in terms of WSC generally remained constant. Aurora had the highest overall WSC content. Majestic and Aberystwyth S23 had the lowest while Perma, Melle and Ba 9795 were intermediate. In the same trial, the ranking of the F2 hybrids between the late heading cultivars and Aurora was also consistent with that obtained previously in F1 and F2 spaced plants. Melle F2 families had the highest WSC followed by Perma F2, Ba 9795 F2, S23 F2 and finally Majestic F2 families. This ranking also remained constant over a generation of intense selection for uniformity of heading date. It was concluded that WSC is a consistent and heritable trait in breeding perennial ryegrass. Aurora was a good resource for improving WSC but the turf-type perennial ryegrass. Majestic, had a strong negative effect on WSC content in hybrid material.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.1989.tb01932.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of species, cutting date and cutting interval on the fatty acid composition of grasses (2001)
    Oxford UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Grass and forage science 56 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of species, cutting date and cutting interval on the concentration of fatty acids in temperate grasses. The first experiment compared eight species, harvested in late autumn and summer. Levels of individual fatty acids were distinctive for some species, with low levels of C18:1 in Dactylis glomerata L. and high levels of C18:2 in Phleum pratense L. Differences in individual fatty acids could not be used to differentiate fescues and ryegrasses. However, fatty acid profiles could be used to differentiate species when material was managed similarly (i.e. at the same cut). There were large species × cut interaction effects, showing that management factors will be as important as plant breeding in manipulating fatty acid levels. Cultivars belonging to one Lolium perenne L. gene pool were identified as having significantly higher α-linolenic acid and total fatty acids in late-season (November) material.The second experiment compared three ryegrass species over a growing season, with three or five cuts. All species had high concentrations of fatty acids and a high proportion of α-linolenic acid during vegetative growth (late April). Fatty acid levels declined markedly in all species after this date, recovering by autumn. Kunth Lolium multiflorum Lam. and Lolium × boucheanum had higher levels of total fatty acids and α-linolenic acid in the early and late season when compared with perennial ryegrass. Fatty acid levels (particularly C18:2 and C18:3) declined when the regrowth interval was extended from 20 to 38 d.These studies demonstrate opportunities to change the composition of ruminant products through breeding and management of grasses for altered levels of fatty acids.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2494.2001.00247.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Progress in breeding interspecific hybrid ryegrasses (1993)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Grass and forage science 48 (1993), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Stable hybrids were produced between tetraploid perennial and Italian ryegrasses derived from commercial varieties and germplasm introduced from European collections. Spaced plant characteristics were used to select Fl plants for the production of F2 families which were assessed in small plots for growth and quality traits. Ten of the 19 selected hybrid families were based on perennial ryegrass collected from the Zurich Uplands. The influence of this parental material in improving vegetative growth during early spring, late summer and autumn was demonstrated. Its use in improving feeding value by increasing the water-soluble carbohydrate content of hybrids was also shown. Consequently, selected hybrid varieties based on this new genetic resource showed considerable improvements in seasonal growth and quality over the older hybrid variety Augusta and Italian ryegrass variety RvP.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.1993.tb01832.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Water-soluble carbohydrates in perennial ryegrass breeding (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Grass and forage science 44 (1989), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Water-soluble carbohydrate (WSC) contents of the early heading perennial ryegrass cultivar Aurora and five late heading cultivars were assessed in samples from spaced plants cut five times in 1982. Aurora had the highest overall WSC content. Majestic and Aberystwyth S23 had the lowest while Perma, Melle and Ba 9795 were intermediate. Samples from F1 and F2 spaced plants derived from crosses between Aurora and the five late heading cultivars were also analysed for WSC contents and heading dates were recorded. As expected, heading date behaved as a polygenic character controlled mainly by additive gene effects. However, WSC contents behaved in a more complex way with evidence of non-additive gene effects comprising dominance, overdominance (heterosis) and epistasis. It was concluded that by crossing contrasting cultivars, significant improvements in WSC content could be achieved, which may be more stable than those obtained by within-cultivar selection.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.1989.tb01931.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of a stay-green trait on the concentrations and stability of fatty acids in perennial ryegrass (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Grass and forage science 57 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Three experiments were conducted to evaluate the effect of a stay-green trait in perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne) on concentrations of fatty acids as well as their susceptibility to peroxidation during wilting and to biohydrogenation by rumen bacteria. Fatty acid concentrations were recorded in stay-green and corresponding normal perennial ryegrass selection lines over eight cuts during 1998. There was a progressive increase in total fatty acid concentrations [from 20·8 to 34·6 g kg−1 dry matter (DM)] and the proportion of fatty acids as α-linolenic acid (from 0·62 to 0·70 g g−1) from early to late season. A second study compared fatty acid concentrations in stay-green and normal herbage that was wilted for up to 48 h. There was a loss of 0·2–0·3 g g−1 fatty acids during 48 h of wilting and a small reduction in the rate of loss of α-linolenic acid in stay-green perennial ryegrass compared with normal herbage (0·223 vs. 0·290 g g−1 lost after 48 h). Stay-green and normal perennial ryegrasses were offered to grazing lambs in a third study. Higher concentrations of trans-vaccenic acid and conjugated linoleic acid in plasma from lambs offered less mature grass in the pre-experimental period than during the experiment are considered to reflect a greater supply of precursor (linoleic acid). There were higher concentrations of conjugated linoleic (0·0070 vs. 0·0039 g l−1) and linoleic (0·092 vs. 0·070 g l−1) acids, without an increase in trans-vaccenic acid, in plasma from lambs grazing stay-green perennial ryegrass than normal perennial ryegrass. This suggests that the stay-green trait affected the rate of degradation of fatty acids in the rumen. These results demonstrate the potential for obtaining proportionately large differences in fatty acid profiles of ruminant products by altering grassland management.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2494.2002.00336.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparison and integration of genetic maps generated from F2 and BC1-type mapping populations in perennial ryegrass (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant breeding 121 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0523
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Linkage maps of perennial ryegrass were constructed from F2 and BC1-type populations using, predominantly, restriction fragment length polymorphism data based on heterologous probes used in mapping other grass species. The maps identified seven linkage groups, which covered a total of 515 cM (F2) and 565 cM (BC1). They were aligned using 38 loci identified in both populations (common loci) and a possible marker order for all mapped loci in either population was identified in an integrated map. The estimated recombination frequencies and map distances between adjacent common loci were compared between the two data sets and regions of heterogeneity identified. Overall, the common markers identified a map distance of 446 cM in the F2 population and 327 cM in the BC1 population, reflecting a higher recombination frequency in the former, although the difference was not evenly spread over the seven linkage groups.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1439-0523.2002.00742.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetic analysis of Lolium. I. Identification of linkage groups and the establishment of a genetic map (1998)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant breeding 117 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0523
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: A genetic map of Lolium has been produced using isozyme, restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) and random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers applied to a segregating family derived from an F1 hybrid plant of L. perenne × L. multiflorum provenance, crossed on to a doubled haploid L. perenne. A total of 106 markers, out of a total of 160 polymorphic loci analysed, have been ascribed to seven linkage groups covering a map distance of 692cM, Two of these groups may be allocated to chromosomes 2 and 6 of the Lolium genome.The remaining unallocated markers, the majority of which showed severe segregation distortion, could be associated into small groups of two or three markers which showed no linkage with the main groups at a LOD of 2.8 or, if associated, could not be mapped in a satisfactory manner. This high incidence of disturbed segregations could be accounted for by the use of an interspecific hybrid between two species of differing genome size, with consequent cytological imbalance.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0523.1998.tb01972.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Improved Drought Resistance in Introgression Lines Derived from Lolium multiflorum × Festuca arundinacea Hybrids (1993)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant breeding 111 (1993), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0523
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: In a back-crossing programme involving Lolium multiflorum (the recurrent parent) and Festuca arundinacea, the diploid L. multiflorum phenotype was rapidly recovered with the inclusion, in some progeny, of a small number of genes from the fescue parent. In field drought trials derivatives of these backcross populations were on average less drought resistant than the L. multiflorum parental populations, but 3 % of individuals were as drought resistant as F. arundinacea. After only one cycle of selection and polycrossing these drought-resistant Lolium-like plants, the mean drought resistance of most progeny lines was significantly improved, in some cases to near that of F. arundinacea. Available evidence strongly indicates that this improved drought resistance was due to the transfer of genetic material from Festuca into Lolium. These populations will contribute to variety improvement and to our understanding of the genetics and physiology of drought resistance.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0523.1993.tb00622.x
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