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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing AG,
    Keywords: Environmental management. ; Electronic books.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: 1 online resource (359 pages)
    Edition: 1st ed.
    ISBN: 9783319451213
    Series Statement: Invading Nature - Springer Series in Invasion Ecology Series ; v.12
    Language: English
    Note: Intro -- Foreword by Braulio Ferreira de Souza Dias -- Foreword by Piero Genovesi -- Foreword by Helen E. Roy -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- Contents -- Contributors -- Chapter 1: Non-native Species, Ecosystem Services, and Human Well-Being -- 1.1 Why Focus on Ecosystem Services and Non-native Species? -- 1.2 An Integrated View of Non-native Species Impacts on Ecosystem Services -- 1.2.1 Impacts on Supporting Services -- 1.2.2 Impacts on Provisioning Services -- 1.2.3 Impacts on Regulating Services -- 1.2.4 Impacts on Cultural Services and Human Well-Being -- 1.3 Synergies Among Impacts on Ecosystem Services -- 1.4 Conflict Among Impacts on Ecosystem Services -- 1.5 Conclusions -- References -- Part I: Impacts on Supporting Services -- Chapter 2: Changes in Primary Production and Carbon Sequestration after Plant Invasions -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Altered Ecosystem Carbon Cycling by Plant Invasions -- 2.2.1 Primary Production -- 2.2.2 Soil Respiration -- 2.2.3 Ecosystem Carbon Pools -- 2.2.4 Net Ecosystem Exchange -- 2.3 A Case Study: Spartina alterniflora Invasion in Salt Marshes of Yangtze Estuary, China -- 2.4 Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 3: Modification of Habitat Quality by Non-native Species -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Impacts on Habitat Quality -- 3.2.1 Assimilatory-Dissimilatory Impacts on Abiotic Conditions and Consumable Resources -- 3.2.2 Physical Ecosystem Engineering Impacts on Habitat Structure -- 3.2.3 Physical Ecosystem Engineering Impacts on Abiotic Conditions and Consumable Resources -- 3.2.4 Compound Impacts on Single Habitat Attributes -- 3.2.5 Concurrent Impacts on Multiple Habitat Attributes -- 3.3 Habitat-Mediated Impacts on Other Ecosystem Services -- 3.3.1 Food and Raw Materials -- 3.3.2 Climate Regulation -- 3.3.3 Tourism and Recreation -- 3.4 Conclusions -- References. , Chapter 4: Alteration of Nitrogen Cycling as a Result of Invasion -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Mechanisms of N Cycle Alteration by Invasions -- 4.2.1 Changes in the Strategy of N Acquisition -- 4.2.2 Changes from a Different Utilisation of N -- 4.2.3 Alterations Mediated by Disturbances -- 4.2.4 Alterations Caused by Changes in the Trophic Structure -- 4.3 Are There General Trends on the Impact of Invaders on the N Cycle? -- 4.4 Limitations of Current Knowledge and Future Research -- References -- Chapter 5: Hydrological Impacts of Biological Invasions -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 What Are Hydrological Services and How Are They Provided? -- 5.3 Ways in Which Biological Invasions Disrupt Hydrological Services -- 5.3.1 Local and Regional Climate -- 5.3.2 Water Use -- 5.3.3 Seasonality of Water Use -- 5.3.4 Ground Surface and Soil Texture Modification -- 5.3.5 Wetland Encroachment, Channel Narrowing, and Sedimentation -- 5.3.6 Destruction and Erosion of Channel Form -- 5.3.7 Water Movement in Channel -- 5.4 Feedbacks Between Hydrological Modification and Invasions -- 5.5 Managing Invasion Impacts on Hydrological Services: Can the Concept of Ecosystem Services Help? -- 5.6 Conclusions -- References -- Part II: Impacts on Provisioning Services -- Chapter 6: Decreases in Crop Production by Non-native Weeds, Pests, and Pathogens -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Patterns of Invasion in Arable Crops -- 6.2.1 Proportion of Non-native Species in Arable Crops -- 6.2.2 Main Pathways and Biogeographical Origins -- 6.2.3 General Biological Traits -- 6.3 Impact of Non-native Species on Crop Production -- 6.3.1 Mechanisms Underlying the Effects of Non-native Species on Crops -- 6.3.1.1 Weeds -- 6.3.1.2 Pests -- 6.3.1.3 Pathogens -- 6.3.2 Negative Consequences on Crop Production -- 6.3.2.1 Weeds -- 6.3.2.2 Pests -- 6.3.2.3 Pathogens -- 6.4 Conclusions -- References. , Chapter 7: Impact of Non-native Invertebrates and Pathogens on Market Forest Tree Resources -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 Impact on Wood Fibre Production -- 7.2.1 Damage to Native Tree Species -- 7.2.2 Damage to Non-native Tree Species -- 7.3 Impact on Non-wood Forest Products -- 7.4 Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 8: Interference of Non-native Species with Fisheries and Aquaculture -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 Overview of Non-native Aquatic Species Use in Fisheries -- 8.3 Landscape of Non-native Aquatic Species Production in Fish Farms and Fisheries -- 8.4 Negative Impact on Fisheries and Aquaculture -- 8.4.1 Non-native Ecosystem Engineers -- 8.4.2 Pests and Pathogens -- 8.5 Case Studies -- 8.5.1 Fish -- 8.5.2 Crustaceans -- 8.5.3 Mollusks -- 8.5.4 Echinoderms -- 8.5.5 Protists -- 8.6 Economic Cost -- 8.6.1 Perspectives -- 8.6.2 Policies -- 8.6.3 Point of View -- 8.7 Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 9: Impacts of Non-native Species on Livestock -- 9.1 Introduction -- 9.2 Overview of Impacts -- 9.2.1 Negative Impacts of Non-native Species on Livestock -- 9.2.2 Positive Impacts of Non-native Species on Livestock -- 9.3 Economic, Welfare, and Human Health Impacts of Non-­native Species on Livestock -- 9.3.1 Economic Impact of Non-Native Species on Livestock Production -- 9.3.2 Impact of Non-native Species on Animal Welfare -- 9.3.3 Impact of Non-native Pathogens on Human Health -- 9.4 Determinants of the Impact of a Non-native Species on Livestock Populations -- 9.4.1 Incursion -- 9.4.2 Expansion -- 9.4.3 Persistence -- 9.5 Examples of Invasive Pests and Pathogens and Their Impact on Livestock Populations -- 9.5.1 Vertebrate Pests as Resource Competitors -- 9.5.2 Vertebrate Pests as Vectors for Invertebrate Pests and Pathogens -- 9.5.3 Invertebrate Pests -- 9.5.3.1 Direct Disease-Causing Parasites -- 9.5.3.2 Parasite Vectors. , 9.5.4 Microbial Pathogens -- 9.6 Conclusions: Responding to Non-native Pests and Pathogens in Livestock Systems -- References -- Part III: Impacts on Regulating Services -- Chapter 10: Displacement and Local Extinction of Native and Endemic Species -- 10.1 Introduction -- 10.2 Invasion-Caused Population Declines or Extinctions -- 10.2.1 Searching for Patterns Across Taxa: Quantitative Evidence from Large Datasets -- 10.2.2 Case Studies of Non-native Plants: Past Population Declines of Native Species Suggest Future Extinctions -- 10.2.3 Case Studies of Non-native Animals: Robust Evidence for Native Species Extinctions and Declines -- 10.3 What Makes a Native Species Vulnerable to Population Decline and Extinction Resulting from Invasion? -- 10.4 Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 11: Infections and Diseases in Wildlife by Non-­native Organisms -- 11.1 Introduction -- 11.2 Parasite Release Hypothesis -- 11.3 Immunocompetence Advantage Hypothesis -- 11.4 Spill-over and Novel Weapons Hypothesis -- 11.5 Parasite Spill-back Hypothesis -- 11.6 Dilution Effect Hypothesis -- 11.7 Trophic Cascades -- 11.8 Infectious Diseases: Valuation and Policies -- 11.9 Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 12: Biological Control Agents: Invasive Species or Valuable Solutions? -- 12.1 Introduction -- 12.2 Do Biological Control Agents Become Invasive? -- 12.3 Non-target Effects of Biological Control Agents -- 12.3.1 Control of Weeds by Insects -- 12.3.2 Control of Insects by Insects -- 12.3.3 Microbial Controls of Weeds, Insects, and Mammals -- 12.4 Spill-over Effects -- 12.5 Indirect Negative Effects -- 12.6 Biological Control Contributions to Ecosystem Services -- 12.7 Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 13: Disruption of Pollination Services by Invasive Pollinator Species -- 13.1 Introduction -- 13.2 Direct Effects of Invasive Pollinators on Plant Pollination. , 13.2.1 Per Capita Effect -- 13.2.2 Mass Effect -- 13.3 Indirect Effects -- 13.3.1 Impacts Mediated by the Interaction with Native Pollinators -- 13.3.2 Impacts Caused by the Replacement of More Efficient Pollinators -- 13.3.3 Impacts of Invasive Pollinators Mediated by Reductions on Native Flower Visitor Diversity -- 13.4 Interaction of Invasive Pollinators and Other Drivers of Global Change -- 13.4.1 Climate Change -- 13.4.2 Habitat Disturbance -- 13.4.3 Invasive Plants -- 13.5 Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 14: Impact of Invasions on Water Quality in Marine and Freshwater Environments -- 14.1 Introduction -- 14.2 Impacts of Invasive Phytoplankton on Water Quality -- 14.2.1 Bloom Formation and Collapse -- 14.2.2 Toxin Production -- 14.3 Impacts of Invasive Freshwater and Marine Filter Feeders on Water Quality -- 14.3.1 Water Clearance Effects -- 14.4 Ecological Side Effects of Bivalve Mollusk Culture and Harvesting -- 14.5 Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 15: Impact of Biological Invasions on Infrastructure -- 15.1 Introduction -- 15.2 Damage to Buildings -- 15.3 Damage to Transport Infrastructure -- 15.4 Damage to Water Infrastructure -- 15.4.1 Case Study 1: Infrastructure Impacts of Water Hyacinth -- 15.5 Damage to Energy Infrastructure -- 15.5.1 Case Study 2: Monk Parakeets and Electrical Utility Structures -- 15.6 Cost of Non-native Species to Infrastructure in Great Britain -- 15.7 Infrastructure Impacts of 100 of the World's Worst Non-Native Species -- 15.8 Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 16: Alterations of Disturbance Regimes by Plant and Animal Invaders -- 16.1 Introduction -- 16.2 Invaders as Drivers of Change in Disturbance Regimes -- 16.3 Synergies Between Invaders and Altered Disturbance Regimes -- 16.4 Impacts of Changes in Disturbance Regimes Caused by Invasions on Regulating Services. , 16.4.1 Climate Regulation by Altering Carbon Storage and Levels of Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide.
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  • 2
    Keywords: Introduced organisms ; Introduced organisms Geographical distribution ; Biological invasions ; Biodiversity conservation ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Konferenzschrift ; Europa ; Invasion ; Europa ; Neophyten ; Neozoen ; Neobiota ; Europa ; Neozoen ; Europa ; Neophyten ; Europa
    Type of Medium: Book
    Pages: XXVIII, 399 S. , Ill., graph. Darst., Kt.
    ISBN: 9781402082795
    Series Statement: Invading nature Vol. 3
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index , A pan-European inventory of alien species : rationale, implementation, and implications for managing biological invasions , Alien fungi of Europe , Alien bryophytes and lichens of Europe , Alien vascular plants of Europe , Alien terrestrial invertebrates of Europe , Alien invertebrates and fish in European inland waters , Alien marine biota of Europe , Alien birds, amphibians, and reptiles of Europe , Alien mammals of Europe , Introduction to the list of alien taxa , List of species alien in Europe and to Europe ; One hundred of the most invasive alien species in Europe , Species accounts of 100 of the most invasive alien species in Europe , Glossary of the main technical terms used in the handbook
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2023-05-12
    Keywords: Abisko_ANS; Abisko, Lappland, northern Sweden; Abisko Scientific Research Station; Biological sample; BIOS; Elevation of event; Environment; Event label; Joatka_Fjellstue; Latitude of event; Longitude of event; Norway; Seiland; Species; Sweden; Time coverage; Treatment; Vassijaure; Vegetation biomass, rate of change; Vegetation biomass, standard deviation
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 810 data points
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2023-07-10
    Keywords: Abisko_ANS; Abisko, Lappland, northern Sweden; Abisko Scientific Research Station; Betula nana, biomass; Betula nana, height; Betula nana, standard deviation; Biological sample; BIOS; Bryophyta; Bryophyta, standard deviation; DATE/TIME; Deschampsia flexuosa, biomass; Deschampsia flexuosa, standard deviation; Empetrum nigrum, biomass; Empetrum nigrum, standard deviation; Environment; Event label; Joatka_Fjellstue; Latitude of event; Lichen; Lichen, standard deviation; Longitude of event; Marchantiophyta; Marchantiophyta, standard deviation; Norway; Seiland; Sweden; Vaccinium myrtillus, biomass; Vaccinium myrtillus, standard deviation; Vaccinium uliginosum, biomass; Vaccinium uliginosum, standard deviation; Vaccinium vitis-idaea, biomass; Vaccinium vitis-idaea, standard deviation; Vassijaure; Vegetation biomass; Vegetation biomass, standard deviation; Vegetation type
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 168 data points
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  • 5
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    Unknown
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Olofsson, Johan; Oksanen, Lauri; Callaghan, Terry V; Hulme, Philip E; Oksanen, Tarja; Suominen, Otso (2009): Herbivores inhibit climate-driven shrub expansion on the tundra. Global Change Biology, 15(11), 2681-2693, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.01935.x
    Publication Date: 2023-12-13
    Description: Recent Pan-Arctic shrub expansion has been interpreted as a response to a warmer climate. However, herbivores can also influence the abundance of shrubs in arctic ecosystems. We addressed these alternative explanations by following the changes in plant community composition during the last 10 years in permanent plots inside and outside exclosures with different mesh sizes that exclude either only reindeer or all mammalian herbivores including voles and lemmings. The exclosures were replicated at three forest and tundra sites at four different locations along a climatic gradient (oceanic to continental) in northern Fennoscandia. Since the last 10 years have been exceptionally warm, we could study how warming has influenced the vegetation in different grazing treatments. Our results show that the abundance of the dominant shrub, Betula nana, has increased during the last decade, but that the increase was more pronounced when herbivores were excluded. Reindeer have the largest effect on shrubs in tundra, while voles and lemmings have a larger effect in the forest. The positive relationship between annual mean temperature and shrub growth in the absence of herbivores and the lack of relationships in grazed controls is another indication that shrub abundance is controlled by an interaction between herbivores and climate. In addition to their effects on taller shrubs (〉 0.3 m), reindeer reduced the abundance of lichens, whereas microtine rodents reduced the abundance of dwarf shrubs (〈 0.3 m) and mosses. In contrast to short-term responses, competitive interactions between dwarf shrubs and lichens were evident in the long term. These results show that herbivores have to be considered in order to understand how a changing climate will influence tundra ecosystems.
    Keywords: International Polar Year (2007-2008); IPY
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 2 datasets
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Oecologia 111 (1997), S. 91-98 
    ISSN: 1432-1939
    Keywords: Key words Ants  ;  Density-dependence  ;  Rodents  ;  Seed dispersal  ;  Seedling recruitment
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The post-dispersal fate of seeds and fruit (diaspores) of three vertebrate-dispersed trees, Crataegus monogyna, Prunus mahaleb and Taxus baccata, was studied in the Andalusian highlands, south-eastern Spain. Exclosures were used to quantify separately the impact of vertebrates and invertebrates on seed removal in relation to diaspore density and microhabitat. The three plant species showed marked differences in the percentage of diaspores removed, ranging from only 5% for C. monogyna to 87% for T. baccata. Although chaffinches (Fringilla coelebs) fed on diaspores, rodents (Apodemus sylvaticus) were the main vertebrate removers of seed and fruit. Two species of ant (Cataglyphis velox and Aphaenogaster iberica) were the only invertebrates observed to remove diaspores. However, the impact of ants was strongly seasonal and they only removed P. mahaleb fruit to any significant extent. While removal of seed by rodents was equivalent to predation, ants were responsible for secondary dispersal. However, their role was limited to infrequent, small-scale redistribution of fruit in the vicinity of parent trees. Rodents and ants differed in their use of different microhabitats. Rodents foraged mostly beneath trees and low shrubs and avoided open areas while the reverse was true of ants. Thus, patterns of post-dispersal seed removal will be contigent on the relative abundance and distribution of ants and rodents. Studies which neglect to quantify separately the impacts of these two guilds of seed removers may fail to elucidate the mechanisms underlying patterns of post-dispersal seed removal. The coincidence of both increased seed deposition by the main avian dispersers (Turdus spp.) and increased seed predation with increasing vegetation height suggested that selection pressures other than post-dispersal seed predation shape the spatial pattern of seed dispersal. Rather than providing a means of escaping post-dispersal seed predators, dispersal appears to direct seeds to microhabitats most suitable for seedling survival. Nevertheless, the reliance of most vertebrate-dispersed trees on regeneration by seed and the absence of persistent soil seed banks imply that post-dispersal seed predators may exert a strong influence on the demography of the plants whose seeds they consume. Even where microsites are limited, the coincidence of the most suitable microhabitats for seedling establishment with those where seed predation is highest provide a means by which selective seed predators can influence community composition.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1573-5052
    Keywords: Density-dependence; Herbivory ; Rodents ; Seed size ; Seedling recruitment ; Spatial heterogeneity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The considerable variability found in post-dispersal seed predation and the absence of consistent directional trends (e.g., with reference to seed size) has made it difficult to predict accurately the impact of seed predators on plant communities. We examined the variation attributable to location, seed density and seed burial on the removal of seeds of three tree species: Fraxinus excelsior, Taxus baccata and Ulmus glabra. Experiments were undertaken in five deciduous woodlands in Durham, U.K., and the relative importance of vertebrate and invertebrate seed predators was assessed using selective exclosures. In all five woodlands, seed removal was greatest from treatments to which vertebrates had access, and losses attributable to invertebrates were negligible. Rodents, in particular Apodemus sylvaticus (Muridae) and Clethrionomys glareolus (Cricetidae), were the principal seed consumers in these woodlands. Unidentified vertebrate seed predators (probably birds, rabbits and/or squirrels) appeared to be significant seed removers in three of the five woodlands. Rates of removal differed among the three tree species, increasing in the following order Fraxinus 〈 Taxus 〈 Ulmus but were not related to seed mass. The major effect influencing rates of seed removal was seed burial, which halved rates of seed removal overall. The effect of seed burial was a function of seed size. The larger seeds of Taxus realising little benefit from seed burial whereas encounter of the smaller Ulmus seeds fell by almost two-thirds. Removal was density-dependent for all three species. However, the relative increase in seed encounter through an increase in seed density was a negative function of seed size. This suggests that, for large seeds, the opportunity to escape seed predation via burial or reduced seed density is limited. These results reveal a number of parallels with other studies of post-dispersal predation and identify several generalities regarding the interaction between plants and post-dispersal seed predators. Comparison of the seed predation results with actual seedling distributions suggests that seed predators may influence regeneration of Ulmus glabra but probably play a lesser role in the dynamics of Taxus baccata and Fraxinus excelsior.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2024-02-07
    Description: Background: Biological invasions threaten the functioning of ecosystems, biodiversity, and human well-being by degrading ecosystem services and eliciting massive economic costs. The European Union has historically been a hub for cultural development and global trade, and thus, has extensive opportunities for the introduction and spread of alien species. While reported costs of biological invasions to some member states have been recently assessed, ongoing knowledge gaps in taxonomic and spatio-temporal data suggest that these costs were considerably underestimated. Results: We used the latest available cost data in InvaCost (v4.1)—the most comprehensive database on the costs of biological invasions—to assess the magnitude of this underestimation within the European Union via projections of current and future invasion costs. We used macroeconomic scaling and temporal modelling approaches to project available cost information over gaps in taxa, space, and time, thereby producing a more complete estimate for the European Union economy. We identified that only 259 out of 13,331 (~ 1%) known invasive alien species have reported costs in the European Union. Using a conservative subset of highly reliable, observed, country-level cost entries from 49 species (totalling US$4.7 billion; 2017 value), combined with the establishment data of alien species within European Union member states, we projected unreported cost data for all member states. Conclusions: Our corrected estimate of observed costs was potentially 501% higher (US$28.0 billion) than currently recorded. Using future projections of current estimates, we also identified a substantial increase in costs and costly species (US$148.2 billion) by 2040. We urge that cost reporting be improved to clarify the economic impacts of greatest concern, concomitant with coordinated international action to prevent and mitigate the impacts of invasive alien species in the European Union and globally.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
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