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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 74 (1993), S. 7124-7128 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: An Er-doped LaP5O14 ferroelastic crystal has been studied by synchrotron radiation white beam x-ray topography. A set of normal ferroelastic domains is revealed in topographs by the intense contrast at the domain walls and the temperature dependence of the wall contrast is shown to be in good agreement with that expected from the structural consideration. In addition to growth bands and growth sector boundaries, a type of abnormal boundary is observed, and the contrast varies with the occurrence of phase transitions. A detailed discussion on experimental results is given in terms of structural and symmetry analyses.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 74 (1993), S. 6165-6169 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Thin film reactions of Cu/Al multilayer films were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry and transmission electron microscopy. Sequential intermetallic compound formation was found in the temperature range from 300 to 620 K. With excess copper present in the as-deposited trilayer and multilayer films, the observed sequence was CuAl2 and Cu9Al4, and the interfacial reactions were controlled by interfacial and grain boundary diffusion. The activation energies for the formation of CuAl2 and Cu9Al4 are 0.78±0.11 and 0.83±0.2 eV, respectively.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 97 (1992), S. 568-571 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A multipass tandem Fabry–Perot interferometer was used to measure the Brillouin light scattering in nematic polymer solutions of poly-γ-benzyl glutamate (PBG). The longitudinal acoustic phonon frequency and linewidth were determined as a function of the angle between the phonon wave vector and the nematic director. We have observed an anisotropy of 22% in sound velocity and 40% in the Brillouin linewidth in PBG nematic solutions. Our analysis indicates that elastic relaxation due to polymer concentration fluctuations is important. However, the proposed second sound wave could not be determined due to the experimental limit of the present technique.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1365-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: The productivity and nutritive value of some cultivated perennial grasses, Bromus inermis (B), Elymus sibricus (S), E. nutans (N), Agropyron cristatum (A), Poa crymophila (P) and mixtures B + N, S + A, B + S + A, S + B + N, N + S + A, B + S + N + A, B + N + A + P, B + S +A + P and S + N + A + P, in the alpine region of the Tibetan Plateau were investigated. Elymus nutans and E. sibricus and the mixtures, B + S + N + A, B + S +A + P and S + N + A + P, were most productive with yields of dry matter (DM) of between 11 000 and 14 000 kg−1 of biomass annually in the second harvest year. Acid-detergent fibre (ADF) concentrations increased (P 〈 0·05), and crude protein (CP) concentrations and in sacco DM degradability values decreased (P 〈 0·05) with the maturity of the cultivated grasses. Swards, based on these species and mixtures, have the potential to be the main choices for cultivation in the Tibetan Plateau because they produce more nutrients than other grass species and mixtures. Late August (flowering stage of dominant grasses) is the optimum time for harvesting as the yield of rumen-degradable CP is highest that of DM relatively high and the DM degradability is satisfactory.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Low-temperature photoluminescence (PL) spectra of detector grade Cd1−xZnxTe (x=0.1) have been measured to obtain information about shallow level defect concentration introduced during mechanical polishing and chemical etching processes. We present here a comparative PL study of Cd0.9Zn0.1Te crystals treated by different chemical solutions used for nuclear detector surface treatment. The results show that the 5% Br–MeOH+2%Br–20% lactic acid in ethylene glycol treatment combines the advantages of bromine and lactic acid for chemical etching and results in the best surface condition, as evidenced by the largest I(D0,X)/Idef intensity ratio and the narrowest full width at half-maximum of the main peak (D0,X). Changes in the surface morphology were also analyzed by atomic force microscopy and correlated with the PL results. Current–voltage (I–V) curves and the room-temperature 55Fe spectral response of the sample etched by the best treatment are also presented and discussed. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Three samples of Nd2Fe16TiCx, with x equal to 0.0, 0.3, and 2.8, with the Th2Zn17-type rhombohedral structure, have been studied by powder x-ray and neutron diffraction, magnetic measurements, and Mössbauer spectroscopy. Nd2Fe16Ti and Nd2Fe16TiC0.3 were synthesized by induction melting stoichiometric amounts of the constituent elements, whereas Nd2Fe16TiC2.8 was synthesized by methane-derived gas phase insertion of carbon into finely ground Nd2Fe16Ti at 600 K. The neutron diffraction determined titanium site occupancies are similar in both Nd2Fe16Ti and Nd2Fe16TiC2.8 in which titanium preferentially occupies the 6c transition metal site. In contrast, the titanium occupancies in Nd2Fe16TiC0.3 are markedly different in that titanium avoids the 6c transition metal site and randomly occupies the other three transition metal sites. This difference in occupancies most likely occurs because the titanium diffusion rate during the quenching of Nd2Fe16TiC0.3 is affected by the presence of carbon in the melt. Even though the unit cell volume of Nd2Fe16TiC2.8 is larger than that of Nd2Fe17N3, the 615 K Curie temperature of Nd2Fe16TiC2.8 is much lower than the 746 K Curie temperature of Nd2Fe17N3. This is an indication that the volume expansion, which occurs upon nitrogenation of R2Fe17, is not the only factor which contributes to the increase in the Curie temperature. The Mössbauer spectra of Nd2Fe16Ti confirm the high preferential titanium occupancy of the 6c site.At 85 K the weighted average hyperfine field of Nd2Fe16Ti is approximately 263 kOe, a value which is 33 kOe smaller than that in Nd2Fe17. The 85 K Mössbauer spectrum of Nd2Fe16TiC0.3 is virtually identical to that of Nd2Fe17 and indicates an approximately random titanium occupancy of the four transition metal sites. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 79 (1996), S. 1330-1336 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Rietveld analysis of neutron-diffraction data from Nd3Fe29−xTx (T=Ti, Cr, and Mn) has been used to determine the location of the substitutional atoms and the magnetic moments. Reanalysis of the T=Ti data confirms that the space group A2/m is a better choice than P21/c, which had previously been used to describe the structure. The Ti atom locations and concentrations remain unaffected in the two space groups, but for the other substituents the refined concentrations are well behaved in A2/m, whereas in P21/c the refinements were unstable due to the symmetry relations between certain substituted sites. The site occupancies are analyzed in terms of steric and environment effects. A possible explanation for the high Curie temperature of the Cr compound is proposed. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 79 (1996), S. 7911-7915 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Iron carbonitride (ICN) ultrafine particles (20–80 nm in size) have been synthesized by laser-induced pyrolysis of Fe(CO)5–NH3–C2H4 mixture. The surface morphology, structural characteristics, oxidation behavior, and the magnetic properties of the ICN particles were reported. The role the thin carbon layer formed on the particle surface played in the oxidation behavior and in the enhancement of the magnetic properties has been studied. A carbon layer (1–2 nm) seems to protect the particles effectively from reaction of the iron carbonitride with oxygen, and the ICN particles thereby exhibit a high saturation magnetization of 142 emu/g. Additionally, the unilateral lattice expansion of the ICN compound was interpreted in terms of the structural and chemical bonding features of the ICN compound. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 78 (1995), S. 7196-7201 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Neutron diffraction has been used to determine the location and concentration of C in Nd2Fe17 and in a Si substituted alloy. The results indicate that two carbide phases exist. One contains nearly three C atoms per formula unit, while the other has a much lower concentration. The high C phase contains C only on the 9e sites, but the low C phase appears to contain C on the tetrahedral 18g site. The changes in interatomic distances and cell volume are associated with the different site occupancies. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 77 (1995), S. 2811-2813 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Bulk nanocrystalline selenium (nc-Se) specimens with various grain sizes were prepared by isothermally crystallizing as-quenched amorphous selenium. Microhardness measurements indicated that with a decrease in grain size, from 25 to 9 nm, hardnesses of nc-Se samples increase dramatically from 0.34 to 0.98 GPa, i.e., a normal Hall–Petch relationship is obtainable over the grain size range studied for nc-Se samples. Structural characterization of nc-Se using x-ray diffraction revealed an evident lattice distortion in the nanocrystalline state, namely the lattice parameter a is increased, whereas c is decreased simultaneously with a reduction of grain size. The variation tendency of microhardness with grain size can be well correlated with the change of the unit cell volume in nc-Se, which implies that the lattice structure of the nanocrystalline state is a factor affecting the mechanical properties. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
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