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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Atrioventricular Nodal Reentry Tachycardia with Multiple AH Jumps: (2003)
    350 Main Street , Malden , MA 02148-5018 , USA , and 9600 Garsington Road , Oxford OX4 2DQ , UK . : Blackwell Futura Publishing, Inc.
    Pacing and clinical electrophysiology 26 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1540-8159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: This article describes the additional use of incremental atrial burst pacing (A1A1) and double atrial extrastimulation with a predefined fast pathway conducted A2 (A1A2A3), rather than single atrial extrastimulation (A1A2) only, to characterize typical atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia (AVNRT). The authors noted an additional 32% of patients had multiple anterograde AV nodal physiology demonstrated when A1A1 or A1A2A3 protocols were deployed compared to more conventional A1A2 protocols. The A2H2max (449 ± 147 vs 339 ± 94 ms) and A3H3max (481 ± 120 vs 389 ± 85 ms) were higher in 31 patients where multiple jumps in the AV nodal conduction curve were obtained (group 1) compared to 192 patients where only single jump was obtained (group 2) (both P 〈 0.01). Postablation, the degree of reduction of A2H2max (49%) and A3H3max (50%) in group 1 was greater than in group 2 (38% and 42%, respectively, P 〈 0.05). In seven of group 1 patients in whom A1A2A3 stimulation was required to reveal multiple jumps, the A2H2max remained unchanged after ablation (237 ± 89 vs 214 ± 59, P  〉 0.05). A3H3max was the only parameter that shortened significantly after ablation. Generally, successful ablation resulted in loss of multiple discontinuities in A1A1/A1H1 or A2A3/A3H3 curves. In conclusion, a combination of A1A2, A1A1, and A1A2A3 are required to fully elucidate AVNRT. Significant shortening of AHmax or loss of multiple jumps after ablation indicates successful elimination of AVNRT in these patients. (PACE 2003; 26:1849–1855)
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1460-9592.2003.t01-1-00279.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electrophysiological Characteristics of Accessory Pathways with Prolonged Retrograde Conduction (2004)
    350 Main Street , Malden , MA 02148-5018 , USA and 9600 Garsington Road , Oxford OX4 2DQ , UK . : Blackwell Science Inc
    Pacing and clinical electrophysiology 27 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1540-8159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Electrophysiological characteristics of an accessory pathway (AP) with a long ventriculoatrial (VA) interval (arbitrarily defined as ≥ 50 ms and absence of continuous electrical activity) and no retrograde decremental property are described in this study. Fifteen patients (group 1) were compared with 171 patients with normal VA conduction (group 2). Mean VA conduction time was 77 ± 24 versus 34 ± 12 ms in group 1 versus group 2, respectively. Group 1 patients were older (55 ± 14 vs 40 ± 14 years), the male to female ratio was higher (2.8 vs 1.6), and APs were more prevalent on the right (60%) but manifest APs were lower (20% vs 54%) compared to group 2 patients (P 〈 0.05 in all cases). QRS morphology during induced atrioventricular reciprocating tachycardia was identical in both groups but the tachycardia cycle length was longer in group 1 (373 ± 29 vs 344 ± 50 ms, P 〈 0.05). Retrograde AP block cycle length and effective refractory period were greater in group 1 (362 ± 59 vs 293 ± 57 ms; 330 ± 58 vs 273 ± 55 ms, both P 〈0.05). Adenosine (up to 18 mg) and verapamil (5–10 mg) failed to block the VA conduction via AP during ventricular pacing. In group 1 the number of radiofrequency lesions for a successful ablation were significantly less (3 ± 2 vs 6 ± 5, P 〈 0.05). In conclusion, APs with a long VA interval and no decremental retrograde conduction have electrophysiological characteristics that are different from those with a short VA interval. Role of aging deserves further exploration.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-8159.2004.00616.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Interaction between obesity and genetic polymorphisms in the apolipoprotein CIII gene and lipoprotein lipase gene on the risk of hypertriglyceridemia in Chinese (1997)
    Springer
    Human genetics 〈Berlin〉 100 (1997), S. 327-333 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1203
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract To understand the effects of the interaction between genetic polymorphisms and obesity on the risk of hypertriglyceridemia (HTG), two polymorphisms, an SstI polymorphism on the apolipoprotein CIII gene and a HindIII polymorphism on the lipoprotein lipase gene, were analyzed in 339 Chinese subjects with (82 cases in the HTG group) or without HTG (257 cases in the control group). Our data revealed that the frequencies of obesity, the SstI minor allele (S2), and the HindIII major allele (H+) in the HTG group were significantly higher than in the control group. Subgroup analysis revealed that the association between these two polymorphisms and HTG occurred predominantly in nonobese subjects and in subjects with the less hypertriglyceridemic genotype of another polymorphism. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that all three risk factors (obesity, S2-containing chromosome, and H+ homozygosity) were associated with HTG, and an interaction was found between obesity and H+ homozygosity for the occurrence of HTG. The risk of HTG increased significantly with combinations of risk factors. Subjects can be divided into low or high risk groups for HTG using such combinations. These results provide evidence of interaction between obesity and the HindIII polymorphism of the lipoprotein lipase gene on the risk of HTG.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004390050511
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Angiotensinogen and angiotensin-I converting enzyme gene polymorphisms and the risk of coronary artery disease in Chinese (1997)
    Springer
    Human genetics 〈Berlin〉 100 (1997), S. 210-214 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1203
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The homozygous deletion allele (DD) of the angiotensin-I converting enzyme (ACE) gene and the T235 homozygote of the angiotensinogen (AGT) gene have been reported to be correlated with an increased prevalence of coronary artery disease (CAD) and myocardial infarction (MI). The importance of the DD genotype and T235 homozygote as genetic risk factors for CAD in Chinese remains uncertain. This study included 426 patients who underwent coronary angiography and 180 healthy subjects without clinical evidence of CAD. Coronary angiography identified 268 patients with CAD (CAD group) and 158 patients without CAD. The healthy subjects and patients without angiographic evidence of CAD constituted the control group. Three polymorphisms were studied: an insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism of the ACE gene and the T174 M and M235T polymorphisms of the AGT gene. No association was found between any of the three studied polymorphisms and the risk of CAD or MI in Chinese using univariate or multivariate analysis. In multivariate analysis, the relative risks were 1.20 (95% confidence interval = 0.91–1.61, P = 0.20) for the DD genotype, 1.05 (95% CI = 0.82–1.35, P = 0.69) for the T174 homozygote, and 1.19 (95% CI = 0.91–1.55, P = 0.20) for the T235 homozygote. Similarly, no significant difference was found in the frequencies of the DD genotype and the T174 and T235 homozygotes between the control group, the CAD group, the non-MI group, and the MI group when analyzed according to sex, age, or degree of risk. Our data suggest that neither the DD genotype of the ACE I/D polymorphism nor the T174 and T235 homozygotes of the AGT gene confer significant risk for CAD or MI in Chinese.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004390050492
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The G1691A mutation of the coagulation factor V gene (factor V Leiden) is rare in Chinese: an analysis of 618 individuals (1996)
    Springer
    Human genetics 〈Berlin〉 98 (1996), S. 176-177 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1203
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract To understand the allele frequency of the G1691A mutation of the coagulation factor V gene (factor V Leiden) in Chinese, 618 Chinese individuals, including 54 cases with venous thrombosis, were analyzed. Only one case in the control group was heterozygous for the 1691G allele and the 1691A allele. Our data suggest that the factor V Leiden is rare in Chinese.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004390050184
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