GLORIA

GEOMAR Library Ocean Research Information Access

feed icon rss

Your email was sent successfully. Check your inbox.

An error occurred while sending the email. Please try again.

Proceed reservation?

Export
Filter
Document type
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 276 (1978), S. 225-230 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Surface seawater measurements of 239+240Pu, 238Pu, 241Am and 137Cs have been carried out in the North Sea and western Atlantic. Statistical analysis demonstrated that the discharges by fuel reprocessing plants in the UK are affecting ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Helgoland marine research 28 (1976), S. 109-137 
    ISSN: 1438-3888
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung 1. An wöchentlich mit Raten von 0,10; 0,30; 0,50; 0,70 oder 0,90 exploitierten Populationen des harpacticoiden CopepodenTisbe holothuriae Humes wurde unter konstanten Bedingungen (22° C, 30 ‰ S) die Abhängigkeit der Reproduktionsleistung, des Geschlechtsverhältnisses, der Entwicklungsdauer und der Überlebenszeit von der Exploitationsrate untersucht. 2. Es lassen sich drei Klassen von Eisäcken unterscheiden: (a) Eisäcke mit Entwicklung aller Eier bis zum schlüpfenden Nauplius, (b) Eisäcke mit Entwicklung nur eines Teils der Eier und (c) Eisäcke, aus denen keine Nauplien hervorgehen. Eine Abhängigkeit von der Entnahmerate besteht bei den Anteilen an Eisäcken, bei denen aus allen Eiern oder aus keinem Ei Nauplien hervorgehen. 3. Der Anteil an Eisäcken, aus denen keine adulten Individuen hervorgehen, ist bei allen Entnahmeraten größer als der Anteil, aus dem keine Nauplien schlüpfen. Der Unterschied entsteht durch Eisäcke, bei denen unmittelbar nach dem Schlupf sämtliche Nauplien sterben. 4. Die Zahl der pro 100 Eisäcke im Mittel produzierten Eier, Nauplien und adulten Individuen ist abhängig von dem Mittel der mittleren Populationsdichten zwischen den Entnahmen. 5. Bei allen Befunden wird die durch die Exploitationsrate beeinflußte mittlere Populationsdichte zwischen den Entnahmen als die unmittelbarer wirkende Einflußgröße angesehen. 6. Bei höherer Entnahmerate beziehungsweise geringer mittlerer Populationsdichte zwischen den Entnahmen werden im Mittel pro Eisack mehr Eier, Nauplien und adulte Individuen produziert als bei geringer Entnahmerate beziehungsweise höherer mittlerer Populationsdichte zwischen den Entnahmen. Es scheint die Tendenz zu bestehen, unabhängig von der Entnahmerate einen durch die Kulturbedingungen als Führungsgröße vorgegebenen Sollwert der Biomasse zu erreichen und konstant zu halten. 7. Die Sterberate der Nauplien ist bei der Entnahmerate von 0,90 herabgesetzt. Das Reproduktionspotential wird allerdings selbst bei dieser Entnahmerate nur etwa zur Hälfte ausgenutzt. 8. Außer bei der Entnahmerate von 0,90 werden im Mittel pro Eisack mehr Embryonen gefunden als Nauplien schlüpfen. Die relative Häufigkeit der Eier und Eisäcke, in denen keine Embryonen gefunden werden, zeigt keine Anhängigkeit von der Entnahmerate beziehungsweise der mittleren Populationsdichte zwischen den Entnahmen. 9. Bei isolierten ♀♀ zeigt sich unmittelbar nach der Isolierung eine Abhängigkeit der Frequenz der Eisackbildung von der Entnahmerate beziehungsweise der mittleren Populationsdichte zwischen den Entnahmen. Es scheint, als erführen die Individuen durch die Populationen, aus denen sie stammen, eine „Prägung“, die in der Isolation allerdings bald verlorengeht. 10. Das Geschlechtsverhältnis ist abhängig von der Entnahmerate beziehungsweise der mittleren Populationsdichte zwischen den Entnahmen. Bei der Entnahmerate von 0,90 überwiegt die Zahl der ♂♂, bei der Entnahmerate von 0,10 die der ♀♀. 11. Bei isolierten Brutsätzen konnte eine Abhängigkeit der embryonalen Entwicklungsdauer von der Entnahmerate beziehungsweise der mittleren Populationsdichte zwischen den Entnahmen beobachtet werden. Eine Beeinflussung der Überlebenszeit adulter ♀♀ sowie der Geschwindigkeit der Entwicklung vom geschlüpften Nauplius bis zum adulten Individuum konnte bei den isolierten Brutsätzen nicht festgestellt werden. 12. Das mittlere Gewicht eines Individuums im adulten oder Copepoditstadium und die mittlere Länge des adulten ♀ stehen in inverser Beziehung zur mittleren Populationsdichte zwischen den Entnahmen.
    Notes: Abstract In weekly exploited populations of the harpacticoid copepodTisbe holothuriae Humes, effects of exploitation rate on production of eggs, embryos, nauplii and adults, as well as frequency of egg-sac formation, rate of development of embryos and nauplii and survival time of adult females were studied under conditions of surplus food supply at 22° and 30 ‰ S. Three classes of egg sacs could be distinguished: (a) Egg sacs in which all eggs developed until hatching of the nauplii, (b) egg sacs in which only part of the eggs developed, and (c) egg sacs with eggs that did not hatch at all. The fraction of egg sacs giving rise to no adult individual is larger at all exploitation rates than the fraction of egg sacs giving no nauplius. This difference is caused by the fact that some egg sacs produce nauplii, all of which die shortly after hatching. The mean number of eggs, nauplii and adults produced per egg sac depends on the mean average population densities between exploitations. In general, the mean average population densities between exploitations are considered to be a more immediate causal agent than the removal rate. At a higher removal rate or a lower density between exploitations, more eggs, nauplii and adults are produced per egg sac than at a lower removal rate or at a higher density. There seems to be a tendency to reach and to keep constant a set point of biomass, rather than population size, the culture conditions being the controlling variable. Death rate of nauplii is lowered at the exploitation rate of 0.90, and even at this highest removal rate only half of the eggs gave rise to adult individuals. Except at the exploitation rate of 0.90, more embryos per egg sac are found on the average than hatched nauplii, implying death of a certain number of embryos during development. The relative frequency of eggs and egg sacs in which no embryos could be detected shows no dependency upon the removal rate or mean population density between exploitations. In isolated females, an inverse relationship has been found between the frequency of egg-sac formation and the average population density between exploitations shortly after isolation. There seems to be some “imprinting” by the populations in which the specimens are living. Sex ratio is influenced by the removal rate or the average population density between exploitations in such a way that at the removal rate of 0.90 there is a surplus of males while at the rate of 0.10 a surplus of females is found. In isolated broods an inverse relationship between embryonic developmental rate and average population density between exploitation could be established. No influence of population density on rate of development of juvenile stages and survival time of adult females could be observed in equally isolated broods. The average weight of an individual in the adult or copepodid stage, and the average length of an adult female are inversely related to the average population density between exploitations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 3
    ISSN: 1438-3888
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Helgoland marine research 29 (1977), S. 503-523 
    ISSN: 1438-3888
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A total of 30 weekly exploited populations of the harpacticoid copepodTisbe holothuriae Humes were exposed to 148 or 222µg Cd++ l−1, combined with exploitation rates of 10, 30, 50, 70 or 90% under conditions of surplus food supply at 22 °C and 30‰ S. During the observation period, most populations exhibited distinct U-shaped density trends. Addition of Cd++ prolonged and reinforced the downward trends present in the initial periods of the experiments. If population densities, both in control and test populations, fell short of a certain value, the age structures shifted in favour of the nauplii. More pronounced reductions in population densities of the test populations did not result in increased elevations of the nauplius fraction. Within 23 weeks (or 20 generations), the effect of Cd++ on population density was counteracted by an acclimation process. No relationship could be established between exploitation rate and observed effects. Erroneous assumptions on the adaptability of parametric methods had led to invalid statements on the dispersion of data published in previous papers of this series. These statements have been revised. Possible limitations of the significance of the results obtained are discussed in some detail.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Helgoland marine research 31 (1978), S. 285-297 
    ISSN: 1438-3888
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A total of 75 weekly exploited populations of the harpacticoid copepodTisbe holothuriae Humes were exposed to 0.06, 0.3, 1.5, 7.5 or 37.5 μg Cd++l−1, combined with exploitation rates of 10, 30, 50, 70 or 90% under conditions of surplus food supply at 22° C and 30‰ S. An unusually high mortality was observed for some weeks which could not be ascribed to the added amounts of Cd++. A change in properties of supplied water is considered responsible for the unintentional perturbation which offered a further opportunity to study the effect of compensating reactions in stress situations. The results obtained clearly indicate an effect of exploitation rate on responses to detrimental influences. A superior performance has been found in populations exploited at higher rates. The findings are discussed with respect to earlier investigations on the population dynamics ofT. holothuriae.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Helgoland marine research 31 (1978), S. 34-54 
    ISSN: 1438-3888
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract As an initial step in a programme designed to investigate factors which are of importance in affecting the behaviour of actinides towards certain invertebrates found in estuarine and marine environments, laboratory procedures have been developed to study the accumulation of americium in three species: the polychaete wormNereis diversicolor, the brackish-water amphipodGammarus duebeni and the harpacticoid copepodTisbe holothuriae. The species chosen are considered representative of groups having wide ecological importance. It was found that large differences in concentration factors occurred for the same organisms, depending upon aging of the contaminated medium; much higher and more variable values being found when uptake was from freshly contaminated solutions than from those aged up to a week. The interaction of specimens with physico-chemical reactions of americium which appear to take place within the first few days after its introduction into water are considered to be responsible for these differences. Uptake from contaminated water that had been allowed to age in the absence of organisms appears to be unaffected by subsequent conditioning by specimens. Americium concentration factors show a strong tendency to increase with decreasing size of the species, varying from over 1000 forT. holothuriae to about 3 forN. diversicolor. The possibility that the mechanisms regulating the uptake of actinides in different species may depend upon pH is briefly discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 7
    ISSN: 1438-3888
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Helgoland marine research 35 (1982), S. 425-437 
    ISSN: 1438-3888
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Investigations during several cruises (1979–1981) showed that Atlantic cod with pseudobranchial tumours occurred in all areas investigated. Statistical analysis of data revealed that there was a marked prevalence of the condition in the centre of the German Bight, whereas a lower incidence of the condition was observed on the Dogger Bank, off the Dutch coast and in the western Baltic Sea. The higher prevalence of pseudobranchial tumours in the German Bight coincides with a dense population of cod and impacts of pollution.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Helgoland marine research 27 (1975), S. 235-253 
    ISSN: 1438-3888
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung 1. Der Verlauf der Populationsentwicklung und der Einfluß der Rate der Wassererneuerung wurden an Populationen des harpacticoiden CopepodenTisbe holothuriae, die mit verschiedenen Raten exploitiert wurden, unter konstanten Bedingungen untersucht (22° C, 30 ‰ S). 2. Ein stationäres Equilibrium wird nicht erreicht, wohl aber stellt sich bei allen Entnahmeraten (10, 30, 50, 70 oder 90 % der Individuen pro Woche) eine Phase mit stabiler mittlerer Populationsdichte ein. 3. Eine Verringerung der Rate der Wassererneuerung führt zur Herabsetzung der mittleren Populationsdichte. 4. Die Zahl der Adulten zuzüglich der Copepoditen wird bei Verringerung der Rate der Wassererneuerung bei niedriger Entnahmerate geringfügig, bei hoher Entnahmerate stärker herabgesetzt. 5. Die Zahl der Nauplien wird bei Verringerung der Rate der Wassererneuerung bei jeder Entnahmerate deutlich reduziert. 6. Im Kulturwasser ist zum Zeitpunkt der wöchentlichen Entnahmen der Gehalt an NO2-N sehr hoch. Die Werte für NH4-N, NO3-N und PO4-P sind normal. Der Sauerstoffgehalt ist abhängig von der Populationsdichte und sinkt bei hoher Populationsdichte stark ab. 7. Die Variabilität der Alterszusammensetzung nimmt zu mit Herabsetzung der Populationsdichte und Verringerung der Entnahmerate. 8. Die Populationen werden als Bestandteile von Regelkreisen betrachtet, und es wird der Versuch unternommen, die beobachteten Vorgänge mit dem Begriffssystem der Regelungstechnik zu beschreiben. 9. Weitere Untersuchungen deuten darauf hin, daß bei hoher Entnahmerate die Ausregelung einer Störung leichter gelingt.
    Notes: Abstract In weekly exploited populations of the harpacticoid copepodTisbe holothuriae Humes, the dynamics of population development and the effect of the rate of water renewal were studied under conditions of surplus food supply, constant temperature (22° C) and salinity (30 ‰). At exploitation rates of 10, 30, 50, 70 or 90% per week, the populations maintained stable mean populations sizes. None of the populations established stationary equilibria. Reduced rates of water renewal resulted in a reduction of mean population density, in the course of which the density of adults plus copepodids was diminished to a lesser degree when low, as opposed to high, percentages of specimens were removed. The density of nauplii was distinctly reduced at all exploitation levels. The age structure shifted in favour of the adults and copepodids and was subject to higher variability at moderate exploitation rates and lowered rate of water renewal. To avoid and to remove difficulties inherent to current concepts of population dynamics, the populations were regarded as a component of a feedback control system, and an attempt has been made to describe the observed processes by analogy to technical control systems. According to not yet completed series of experiments, populations undergoing higher exploitation rates seem to compensate more succesfully for perturbations of their environment, than populations exploited at lower rates.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Helgoland marine research 33 (1980), S. 138-152 
    ISSN: 1438-3888
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The present paper reports the results of experimental work undertaken using the brackish-water amphipodGammarus duebeni duebeni and the transuranium nuclide americium-241. Data on the accumulation of this actinide showed that the larger fraction of the total body burden is associated with the exoskeleton. It was found that the body burden remained constant in the range pH 8.0–6.5 even though the water concentrations changed markedly. It would thus appear that the concept of a concentration factor should be re-examined and it is proposed that a factor should be defined in terms of environmental and chemical parameters which represent the bioavailable fraction of the actinide. The effect of americium on survival and moulting was studied at two activity concentrations; the dose rates and absorbed doses under the experimental conditions employed have been estimated. The differences in survival rates between the control and irradiated groups were statistically analyzed and the significant difference at the higher concentration is believed to be due to a synergism between physiological stress and radiotoxicity of americium rather than the chemical toxicity of the element.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
Close ⊗
This website uses cookies and the analysis tool Matomo. More information can be found here...