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  • 1
    ISSN: 1433-0407
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Depression ; Hirnperfusion ; 99mTc- HMPAO-SPECT ; Schlafentzugsbehandlung ; Remission ; Key words Major depression ; Brain SPECT ; Sleep deprivation ; Recovery
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between the effect of sleep deprivation, recovery and regional brain perfusion in patients with major depression. Regional cerebral blood flow was assessed by 99mTc-HMPAO-SPECT before and after sleep deprivation in fourteen medicated patients. Three of the patients underwent a follow-up measurement after clinical recovery and with an unchanged antidepressant medication. Before sleep deprivation the responding patients had a significantly higher anterior cingulate perfusion than the nonresponding patients, that normalized after sleep deprivation. Cingulate perfusion uniquely differentiated eventual treatment response from non-responders, as perfusion in no other region under study discriminated the two groups. At baseline all patients revealed hypoperfusion in the left prefrontal cortex when compared to the right side, which was not affected by sleep deprivation, whereas prefrontal hypoperfusion was reversible upon remission. These findings are in agreement with previous PET investigations and provide evidence for cingulate and prefrontal dysfunction associated with depression, that are reversible by successful treatment and may represent state markers.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Im akuten Stadium einer endogenen Depression unterzogen sich 14 Patienten vor und nach einer totalen Schlafentzugsbehandlung einer Hirnuntersuchung mittels 99mTc-HMPAO-SPECT. Zusätzlich wurden erstmals auch 3 dieser Patienten unter unveränderter Medikation im Stadium der klinischen Remission untersucht. Alle Patienten zeigten in beiden Untersuchungen während der Akutphase eine regionale Perfusionsasymmetrie im präfrontalen Kortex mit signifikant niedrigeren Werten linksseitig, die im Stadium der klinischen Remission nicht mehr nachweisbar waren. Nur bei den Patienten, die auf den totalen Schlafentzug mit einer erheblichen Stimmungsaufhellung reagierten, fanden sich vor der Behandlung signifikant höhere Perfusionswerte im anterioren Cingulum als bei den Nonrespondern, die sich nach der Schlafentzugsbehandlung normalisierten. Bei den Patienten, die klinisch nicht mit einer Stimmungsverbesserung reagierten, zeigte sich keine Perfusionsänderung nach dem Schlafentzug. Auch mit SPECT lassen sich funktionelle Beeinträchtigungen im präfrontalen Kortex und im Cingulum während der akuten endogenen Depression nachweisen, die unter einer erfolgreichen Therapie reversible zu sein scheinen und „state marker” darstellen könnten.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience 240 (1991), S. 331-333 
    ISSN: 1433-8491
    Keywords: Bulimia nervosa ; Anorexia nervosa ; Caudate nuclei ; Glucose metabolism ; Positron emission tomography
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Regional cerebral glucose metabolism was measured with18F-2-fluoro-2-deoxyglucose and positron emission tomography in nine patients with bulimia nervosa and in seven patients with anorexia nervosa. Relative caudate glucose metabolism (caudate glucose metabolism divided by global cerebral glucose metabolism) was significantly higher in anorexia nervosa than in bulimia nervosa, suggesting that caudate hyperactivity is characteristic of the anorexic state. Whether increased caudate function is a consequence of anorexic behaviour or whether it is directly involved in the pathogenesis of anorexia nervosa is an issue still to be clarified.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1435-1463
    Keywords: Dopaminergic system ; glucose metabolism ; positron emission tomography ; Parkinson's disease ; Alzheimer's disease ; progressive supranuclear palsy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary 21 patients who had Parkinson's disease (PD), PD plus dementia of Alzheimer type (PDAT) or progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP), were studied with positron emission tomography (PET) using (18F)-2-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (FDG). In one patient with strictly unilateral PD side differences in striatal dopa uptake were studied with 6-(18F)fluoro-L-dopa (F-dopa). In patients with PD PET with FDG did not show any significant change in regional cerebral metabolic rates for glucose (rCMR(Glu)). In PDAT glucose metabolism was generally reduced, the most severe decrease was found in parietal cortex. The metabolic pattern was similar to that typically found in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD). In the patient with strictly unilateral PD rCMR(Glu) was normal, F-dopa PET, however, revealed a distinct reduction of dopa uptake in the contralateral putamen. In PSP glucose metabolism was significantly decreased in subcortical regions (caudatum, putamen and brainstem) and in frontal cortex. Thus PET demonstrated a clear difference of metabolic pattern between PDAT and PSP.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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