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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Chondrogenesis of the Somitic Mesoderm. (1977)
    Berlin, Heidelberg :Springer Berlin / Heidelberg,
    Details
    Keywords: Mesoderm. ; Electronic books.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: 1 online resource (53 pages)
    Edition: 1st ed.
    ISBN: 9783642667664
    Series Statement: Advances in Anatomy, Embryology and Cell Biology Series ; v.53/4
    URL: https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/geomar/detail.action?docID=6574041
    Language: English
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    GEOMAR EBL
  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Enhanced penetration of nitrosonornicotine across oral mucosa in the presence of ethanol (1986)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of oral pathology & medicine 15 (1986), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0714
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: There is evidence for synergy between tobacco and alcohol in the etiology of oral cancer but the reason for such an effect is unclear. One possible explanation is that alcohol enhances the penetration of carcinogens through the oral lining. We measured the permeability in vitro of three regions of porcine oral mucosa to the tobacco associated carcinogen, nitrosonornicotine (NNN) alone and in the presence of 5% or 50% ethanol. 50% ethanol did not significantly alter the permeability of oral mucosa to NNN except for buccal mucosa, where it was reduced. However, there was a significant increase in the permeability of gingiva and floor of mouth mucosa (but not buccal mucosa) in the presence of 5% ethanol; this increase occurred after far shorter exposures for floor of mouth than for gingiva. These results accord well with studies showing (a) that the Door of mouth is a “high risk area” for oral carcinoma and (b) that there is an increased relative risk of oral cancer for heavy smokers and drinkers and, in particular, for those individuals who consume beverages with a low alcohol content.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0714.1986.tb00623.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The permeability of hyperplastic oral epithelium (1985)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of oral pathology & medicine 14 (1985), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0714
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: An epithelial hyperplasia is one of the reactions of skin and oral mucosa to chemical and mechanical insult. It is usually assumed that this reaction produces a more effective epithelial harrier, but there is no information as to whether a less permeable (issue results. To examine this question, hyperplasia was induced in the cheek pouches of hamsters by either chemical treatment with 0.0025% TPA in acetone or by mechanical abrasion with a rotating mop; untreated hamsters served as controls. The animals were killed and the cheek pouches were removed, mounted in diffusion chambers and the permeability to labelled water and horseradish peroxidase (IIRPO) determined. The results showed that higher values were obtained for the permeability constant of hyperplastic epithelia than for that of control tissue, suggesting that an increased epithelial thickness is not necessarily associated with an improved permeability barrier function. The presence of an inferior barrier layer in hyperplastic epithelia may be related to the increased rate of turnover of this tissue.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0714.1985.tb00505.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immunohistochemical identification of a vacuolar proton pump (V-ATPase) in bone-resorbing cells of an advanced teleost species, Oreochromis niloticus (1999)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 55 (1999), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Poly-and monoclonal antibodies, raised against mammalian membrane-bound proton pump (V-ATPase) were applied to the bone-resorbing cells of Oreochromis niloticus to clarify if osteoclasts of an advanced teleost species display V-ATPase, a key enzyme in the process of bone resorption. All antibodies labelled cells at known sites of bone resorption, the endosteal bone surfaces surrounding the tooth anlagen. The best results were achieved with a monoclonal antibody (E11). Although the majority of labelled cells were flat and mononucleated, the occurrence of V-ATPase in these cells indicates that they function as active bone-resorbing cells. The monoclonal antibody E11 was also applied successfully to monocytes, cells that are believed to be related most closely to osteoclasts. The assignment of V-ATPase to boneresorbing cells of O. niloticus was confirmed by application of the additional osteoclast markers, tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) and tartrate-resistant ATPase (TraATPase). Co-expression of V-ATPase, TRAP and TraATPase in fish osteoclasts is demonstrated for the first time.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.1999.tb02074.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bone resorption and bone remodelling in juvenile carp, Cyprinus carpio L. (2000)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science, Ltd
    Journal of applied ichthyology 16 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0426
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: The present study considers the important role of bone resorption for bone growth in general, and aims to clarify if and how bone resorption contributes to the skeletal development of carp, Cyprinus carpio L., a teleost species with ‘normal’ osteocyte-containing (cellular) bone. To ensure the identification of osteoclasts and sites of bone resorption independently from the morphology of the bony cells, bones were studied by histological procedures, and by demonstration of the enzymes which serve as osteoclast markers, viz. tartrate resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP), ATPase and a vacuolar proton pump. Two types of bone-resorbing cells were observed in juvenile carp: (1) multinucleated giant cells displaying morphological and biochemical attributes which are known from mammalian osteoclasts; and (b) flat cells which lack a visible ruffled border and for which identification requires the performance of enzyme histochemical procedures. Bone resorption performed by osteoclasts mainly occurs at endosteal bone surfaces. To a lesser extent, bone resorption also takes place at periosteal bone surfaces, but without an apparent connection to bone growth. The latter observation, and the occurrence of bone remodelling, suggest that the endoskeleton of juvenile carp might be involved in mineral metabolism. Morphological differences and biochemical similarities to bone resorption in teleosts with acellular bone are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1439-0426.2000.00233.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The origin of cartilage and bone from common stem cells (1970)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 4 (1970), S. 147-147 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02152399
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The membranous skeleton: the role of cell condensations in vertebrate skeletogenesis (1992)
    Springer
    Anatomy and embryology 186 (1992), S. 107-124 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Condensations ; Osteogenesis ; Chondrogenesis ; Mutants ; Morphology ; Membranous skeleton
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Elements of the vertebrate skeleton are initiated as cell condensations, collectively termed the ‘membranous skeleton’ whether cartilages or bones by Grüneberg (1963). Condensations, which were identified as the basic cellular units in a recent model of morphological change in development and evolution (Atchley and Hall 1991) are reviewed in this paper. Condensations are initiated either by increased mitotic activity or by aggregation of cells towards a centre. Prechondrogenic (limb bud) and preosteogenic (scierai ossicle) condensations are discussed and contrasted. Both types of skeletogenic condensations arise following epithelial-mesenchymal interactions; condensations are identified as the first cellular product of such tissue interactions. Molecular characteristics of condensations are discussed, including peanut agglutinin lectin, which is used to visualize prechondrogenic condensations, and hyaluronan, hyaladherins, heparan sulphate proteoglycan, chondroitin sulphate proteoglycan, versican, tenascin, syndecan, N-CAM, alkaline phosphatase, retinoic acid and homeobox-containing genes. The importance for the initiation of chondrogenesis or osteogenesis of upper and lower limits to condensation size and the numbers of cells in a condensation are discussed, as illustrated by in vitro studies and by mutant embryos, including Talpid3 in the chick and Brachypod, Congenital hydrocephalus and Phocomelia in the mouse. Evidence that genes specific to the skeletal type are selectively activated at condensation is discussed, as is a recent model involving TGF-β and fibronectin in condensation formation. Condensations emerge as a pivotal stage in initiation of the vertebrate skeleton in embryonic development and in the modification of skeletal morphology during evolution.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00174948
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ectopic ossicles associated with metacercariae of Apophallus brevis (Trematoda) in yellow perch, Perca ftavescens (Teleostei): development and identification of hone and chondroid bone (1994)
    Springer
    Anatomy and embryology 190 (1994), S. 29-46 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Ectopic ossification ; Ossicles ; parasite infection ; Chondroid bone ; Bone
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract This paper describes the development and tissues in mineralized ossicles in the musculature of Perca flavescens infected with metacercariae of the trematode Apophallus brevis. Analysis involved light microscopy, transmission and scanning electron microscopy, X-ray scanning electron microprobe analysis, and tetracycline labelling. Two to 14 days post-infection, fibroblast-like host cells stream towards the parasite cyst forming a fusiform cellular capsule. By 14 days post-infection the capsule differentiates into an inner hypertrophied layer, an extensive middle layer of fibroblast-like cells, and a thin outer layer of flattened fibroblast-like cells forming a fibrous sheath at the capsule/muscle interface. From 21–35 days post-infection, a bony tissue is deposited periosteally in an equatorial ring around the cyst. With time, additional tissue is secreted over the ring increasing its thickness and advancing the matrix front towards the poles of the ossicle. Plump osteoblast-like cells cover the developing ossicle and may become trapped within the matrix in lacunae encapsulated by collagen. By 63 days post-infection, medium-sized ossicles are morphologically similar to large cysts from perch captured in the wild; ovoid with two polarized canals, but lacking acellular or lamellar bone-like tissue. Mineralized ossicles contain calcium, phosphorus and oxygen. Large ossicles retrieved from perch given multiple doses of tetracycline revealed discrete fluorescent bands, indicative of incremental growth. Fully developed ossicles are composed of two skeletal tissues, an inner region of chondroid bone and an outer region of acellular, lamellar bone.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00185844
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The relationship between migration and chondrogenic potential of trunk neural crest cells in Ambystoma mexicanum (1995)
    Springer
    Development genes and evolution 204 (1995), S. 477-483 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Keywords: Axolotl ; Neural crest ; Ambystoma mexicanum ; Cell migration ; Chondrogenesis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Based on results of transplantation experiments, it has long been believed that trunk neural crest cells are incapable of chondrogenesis. When pigmented trunk neural crest cells of Ambystoma mexicanum are transplanted to cranial levels of albino (a/a) embryos, the graft cells ultimately produce ectopic fins, but are incapable of following the chondrogenic cranial neural crest pathways. Therefore, heterotopic transplantation does not expose these cells to the same environment experienced by cranial neural crest cells, and is neither an adequate nor a sufficient test of chondrogenic potential. However, in vitro culture of trunk neural crest cells with pharyngeal endoderm does provide a direct test of chondrogenic ability. That cartilage does not form under these conditions demonstrates conclusively that trunk neural crest cells possess no chondrogenic potential.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00360855
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Morphological integration in the cranium during anuran metamorphosis (1989)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 45 (1989), S. 872-875 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Keywords: Morphological integration ; skull ; Anura ; thyroid hormone ; metamorphosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary We examined the role of thyroid hormone in mediating morphological integration between cranial cartilage and bone during anuran metamorphosis. Exogenous T3 applied to premetamorphic tadpoles (Bombina orientalis) via intracranial implants of plastic micropellets precociously induced typical metamorphic changes in both tissues, but also dissociated the relative timing of developmental events between them. Morphological integration between the two primary cranial tissues is achieved in part by each tissue responding independently to endocrine factors and does not reflect a tight developmental coupling between them.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01954061
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