Note: Intro -- Preface -- Contents -- 1 Introduction -- Abstract -- 1 Introduction to Calcium Stable Isotope Geochemistry -- 1.1 Alkaline Earth Elements -- 1.2 Calcium and Its Isotopes -- 1.3 Notations in Ca Stable Isotope Geochemistry -- 1.4 History of Ca Stable Isotope Research -- 1.5 Applications of Ca Stable Isotope Geochemistry -- 1.6 Other Applications of Ca Isotopes: Cosmogenic 41Ca and Tracer Studies -- 2 Principles of Mass-Dependent Stable Isotope Fractionation -- 2.1 Equilibrium Isotope Partitioning -- 2.1.1 Isotope Exchange Reactions -- 2.1.2 Equilibrium Isotope Fractionation Theory -- 2.1.3 Summary of General Characteristics of Equilibrium Isotope Fractionation -- 2.2 Kinetic Stable Isotope Fractionation -- 2.3 Open System Rayleigh Fractionation and Closed System Equilibrium Fractionation -- 2.4 The Mass-Dependence of Equilibrium and Kinetic Stable Isotope Fractionations -- 2.5 Experimental Determination of Equilibrium Isotope Fractionation Factors -- References -- A selection of texts relevant for stable isotope geochemistry -- Reviews on calcium stable isotope geochemistry -- Additonal publications cited in this chapter -- 2 Analytical Methods -- Abstract -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Notations and Data Presentation -- 2.1 δ-Notation -- 2.2 Fractionation Factor (α) -- 2.3 Δ-Notation -- 2.4 εCa-Notation for Radiogenic 40Ca Ingrowth -- 2.5 ε- and µ-Notations in Cosmochemistry -- 3 Reference Materials -- 3.1 Used Reference Materials -- 3.2 Conversion of δ-Values Based on Different Reference Materials -- 4 Sample Preparation -- 4.1 Digestion and Cleaning Techniques -- 4.1.1 Carbonates -- 4.1.2 Phosphates -- 4.1.3 Sulfates -- 4.1.4 Silicate Minerals, Rocks and Soils -- 4.1.5 Organic Samples -- 4.1.6 Liquid Samples -- 4.1.7 Leachates -- 4.2 Chemical Separation -- 5 Mass Spectrometry -- 5.1 Introduction to Mass Spectrometry for Ca Isotope Analysis. , 5.2 Thermal Ionization Mass Spectrometry (TIMS) -- 5.2.1 Mass Discrimination in TIMS and the Exponential Law Correction -- 5.2.2 Analysis of Radiogenic 40Ca by TIMS -- 5.2.3 Calcium Stable Isotope Analysis by TIMS -- 5.3 Multiple Collector Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (MC-ICP-MS) -- 5.3.1 Basics of MC-ICP-MS -- 5.3.2 Mass Discrimination and Matrix Effects in (MC-)ICP-MS -- 5.3.3 Interferences in (MC-)ICP-MS -- 5.3.4 Calcium Isotope Analysis by (MC-)ICP-MS -- 5.4 Double Spike Approach for Stable Isotope Analysis -- 5.4.1 Basic Principles -- 5.4.2 Double Spike Calibration -- 5.4.3 Used Double Spikes -- 5.5 Other Instrumentation -- 5.5.1 Ion Microprobe -- 5.5.2 Neutron Activation Analysis INAA -- 5.5.3 Determination of Mass Dependent Ca Isotope Fractionation by Radionuclide Tracers -- 5.6 Error Representation -- References -- 3 Calcium Isotope Fractionation During Mineral Precipitation from Aqueous Solution -- Abstract -- 1 Inorganic Precipitation Experiments -- 1.1 Carbonates -- 1.1.1 Calcite -- 1.1.2 Aragonite -- 1.1.3 Vaterite -- 1.1.4 Ikaite -- 1.1.5 Amorphous Calcium Carbonate -- 1.1.6 Magnesite, Dolomite, Dypingite and Nesquehonite -- 1.1.7 Witherite and BaMn(CO3)2 -- 1.2 Sulfates -- 1.2.1 Anhydrite -- 1.2.2 Gypsum -- 1.2.3 Barite -- 1.2.4 Epsomite -- 1.3 Other (Hydrous) Phases -- 1.4 EASI Fractionation During Mineral Precipitation from Aqueous Fluids -- 2 Calcium Isotope Fractionation Models for Calcium Carbonate Formation -- 2.1 Principles and Conceptions of Isotope Fractionation Models -- 2.2 Comparison of Ca Isotope Fractionation Models and Concluding Remarks -- 3 Inorganic Mineral Precipitation in Natural Environments -- 3.1 Carbonates -- 3.1.1 Primary and Authigenic Carbonates -- Marine Realm -- Lakes -- Soils -- 3.1.2 Carbonates Formed at Elevated Temperatures -- 3.1.3 Carbonate Recrystallization -- 3.2 Phosphates. , 3.3 Sulfates -- 3.3.1 Barite -- 3.3.2 Anhydrite and Gypsum -- Marine and Hydrothermal Ca Sulfates -- Calcium Sulfates in Soils -- 4 Diffusion, Exchange and Adsorption of Cations in Aqueous Systems -- References -- 4 Biominerals and Biomaterial -- Abstract -- 1 Procaryota-Microbial Induced Biomineralisation -- 2 Protista -- 2.1 Foraminifera -- 2.1.1 Planktic Foraminifers -- 2.1.2 Benthonic Foraminifers -- 2.2 Coccolithophores -- 2.3 Calcareous Dinoflagellates -- 2.4 Coralline Algae -- 3 Metazoa -- 3.1 Sclerosponges -- 3.2 Corals -- 3.3 Molluscs -- 3.3.1 Bivalves -- 3.3.2 Gastropods and Polyplacophora -- 3.3.3 Cephalopods -- 3.4 Brachiopods -- 3.5 Other Taxa -- 3.5.1 Echinoderms -- 3.5.2 Vertebrates -- 4 Applications, Ecosystems and Climate Change -- 4.1 Monitor of Trophic Levels -- 4.2 Archaeology -- 4.3 Paleoclimate -- References -- 5 Earth-Surface Ca Isotopic Fractionations -- Abstract -- 1 Introduction -- 2 δ44/40Ca Fractionations Related to Continental Weathering Processes -- 2.1 Range of δ44/40Ca Variations in Earth-Surface Processes -- 2.2 Forested Ecosystems -- 2.2.1 Ca Cycling Through the Vegetation -- 2.2.2 δ44/40Ca Variations Within the Vegetation -- 2.2.3 δ44/40Ca Variations Within the Soil Pool -- 2.2.4 δ44/40Ca Variations Within Atmospheric Deposits -- 2.3 Non-forested Ecosystems -- 2.3.1 Abiotic Processes -- 2.3.2 δ44/40Ca Fractionations Caused by Water-Rock Interactions -- 3 Change in δ44/40Ca Signature During Downstream Transportation into the Ocean -- 3.1 Importance of the δ44/40Ca Weathering Flux to the Oceans -- 3.2 Small Scale Catchments -- 3.3 Global Scale Catchments -- 4 Potential of Ca Isotopes Applied to Earth-Surface Processes -- 4.1 Internal Ca Cycling Processes Within the Tree -- 4.2 Ca Uptake Mechanisms Within the Rhizosphere -- 4.3 Ca Recycling by the Vegetation -- 4.4 Time Integrated Vegetal Turnover Marker. , 4.5 Hydrological Tracer -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- 6 Global Ca Cycles: Coupling of Continental and Oceanic Processes -- Abstract -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Principal Ca Reservoirs at the Earth's Surface: Estimates of {\varvec \delta}^{{\frac{{{{\bf 44}}}}{{{{\bf 40}}}}}}Ca -- 2.1 Rocks -- 2.1.1 Continental Silicates -- 2.1.2 Continental Sediments -- 2.2 Hydrosphere -- 2.2.1 Oceans -- 2.2.2 Rivers -- Partitioning Mineral Inputs of Ca to the Critical Zone -- Rivers Draining Silicate Rocks -- Rivers Draining Carbonate Rocks -- Large Rivers -- River Sediments and Colloids -- 2.2.3 Groundwaters -- 2.3 Biospheric Cycling of Ca -- 2.4 Soils -- 2.4.1 Weathering of Primary Minerals -- 2.4.2 Soil Carbonate Biomineralization -- 2.4.3 The Rhizosphere -- 2.4.4 Humic Substances -- 2.4.5 Soil Exchangeable Pool -- 2.4.6 Soil Porewaters -- 2.5 Atmospheric Ca in Dust and Rain Waters -- 2.5.1 Dry Deposition and Dust -- 2.5.2 Wet Deposition -- 2.5.3 Interaction Between the Biosphere and Atmospheric Deposition -- 3 Modern Global Budgets of Ca -- 3.1 The Continental Cycle of Ca -- 3.2 The Oceanic Cycle of Ca -- 4 Global Ca Cycling in Earth's History -- 4.1 Archives of \delta^{{\frac{44}{40}}}CaSW -- 4.1.1 Bulk Carbonate -- 4.1.2 Abiotic Records of \delta^{{\frac{44}{40}}}CaSW -- Barite Mineral Separates -- Gypsum and Anhydrite -- Apatite -- 4.1.3 Taxon-Specific Records of \delta^{{\frac{44}{40}}}CaSW -- Foraminifera -- Brachiopods -- Cephalopods -- Bivalves -- Biogenic Apatite -- Other Taxa -- 4.2 Past Changes in {\varvec \delta}^{{\frac{{{{\bf 44}}}}{{{{\bf 40}}}}}}CaSW -- 4.2.1 Neogene Seawater Records of Ca Isotopes -- 4.2.2 Phanerozoic and Deeper Time Seawater Records of Ca Isotopes -- 5 Conclusions -- References -- 7 High Temperature Geochemistry and Cosmochemistry -- Abstract. , 1 High Temperature Ca Isotope Geochemistry of Terrestrial Silicate Rocks, Minerals and Melts -- 1.1 Calcium Isotope Fractionation Between Minerals Formed at High Temperatures -- 1.2 Igneous Rocks -- 1.3 The Earth's Silicate Reservoirs and Global Tectonics -- 1.3.1 Ca Isotope Composition of the Upper Mantle and Bulk Silicate Earth -- 1.3.2 Traces of Subducted Sedimentary Carbonate in Ocean Island Basalts -- 1.3.3 Metasomatism -- 1.4 Diffusion in Silicate Melts -- 1.4.1 Chemical and Self-diffusion -- 1.4.2 Thermal Diffusion -- 2 Extraterrestrial Materials -- 2.1 Scope and Framework of Ca Isotope Cosmochemistry -- 2.2 Nucleosynthesis of Ca Isotopes -- 2.3 Nucleosynthetic Ca Isotope Signatures in Presolar Grains -- 2.4 Nucleosynthetic Anomalies in Meteorites and Calcium-Aluminum-Rich Inclusions (CAIs) -- 2.5 Mass-Dependent Variations in CAIs and Related Experiments -- 2.6 Mass-Dependent Variations in Meteorites -- 2.7 Lunar Samples -- 3 The 40K-40Ca Decay System -- 3.1 Evolution of Earth's Reservoirs -- 3.1.1 Earth's Mantle -- 3.1.2 Earth's Crust -- 3.1.3 Seawater and Exogenic Ca Cycling -- 3.2 Dating -- 3.2.1 Igneous Rocks -- 3.2.2 Authigenic Sedimentary Minerals -- 3.2.3 Evaporites -- References -- 8 Biomedical Application of Ca Stable Isotopes -- Abstract -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Ca Isotope Transport Model -- 2.1 Ca Isotopic Composition of the Diet -- 2.2 From Food to Blood -- 2.3 Fractionation Between Soft Tissue and Mineralized Tissue -- 2.4 Fractionation in the Kidneys -- 2.5 Calcium Isotope Fractionation During Milk Lactation -- 2.6 Calcium Use Index (CUI) -- 3 The Individuality of the Ca Metabolism -- 4 Current Biomedical Application of Ca Isotopes -- 4.1 Bone Loss -- 4.2 Bone Cancer -- 5 Summary and Outlook -- References.

Note: Zusammenfassung in deutscher und englischer Sprache

Note: Includes bibliographical references

Note: Enth. Zeitschriftenaufsätze , Kiel, Univ., Diss., 2003

Note: This dataset is supplement to doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2004.09.004 , This dataset is cited by doi:10.1130/0091-7613(2001)029〈0207:ROPUOO〉2.0.CO;2