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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Changing prevalence of asthma in Taiwanese adolescents: two surveys 6 years apart (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Pediatric allergy and immunology 16 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1399-3038
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: This study compared the prevalence of asthma among Taiwanese adolescents with individual-level risk factors and municipal-level air pollution and meteorology data to determine whether changes in these factors could explain the observed change in prevalence. We conducted two national surveys of respiratory illness and symptoms in Taiwanese middle-school students in 1995–96 and 2001. The effects of personal and environmental factors were assessed and temporal changes of outdoor monitoring data were also compared with asthma prevalence difference. A total of 44,104 children from the 1995–96 survey and 11,048 children from the 2001 survey attended schools located within 1 km of 22 monitoring stations. Lifetime prevalences of physician-diagnosed and questionnaire-determined asthma increased during this period. After adjustment for potential risk factors, the prevalence differences were statistically unchanged. Although parental education level contributed most, changes in investigated personal and environmental factors might not explain the observed changes in asthma prevalence. Municipalities with higher temperature increase were significantly associated with prevalence difference in questionnaire-determined asthma. We concluded that correlates of the investigated individual-level factors, which have changed over time, still underlie changes in asthma prevalence. Increasing temperature might be the main reason for the rising trends of asthma in Taiwanese adolescents.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-3038.2005.00211.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Morphology of glass fibers in electronics workers with fiberglass dermatitis – a scanning electron microscopy study (2001)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    International journal of dermatology 40 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-4632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: AbstractBackground  Fiberglass is used as a reinforcement filler material in printed circuit boards (PCBs) which are widely used in the electronics industry. In a recent survey, we demonstrated that fiberglass dermatitis is the most common occupational dermatosis among electronics industry workers in Taiwan. Little is known, however, about the morphologic structures of the glass fibers which induce dermatitis. The purpose of this study was to assess the morphology of fiber spicules and to determine the relationship of this structure to fiberglass dermatitis.Methods  Fourteen female patients with a diagnosis of fiberglass dermatitis were selected for study. The diagnosis was confirmed in all patients by positive skin stripping for glass fibers and matching with glass fibers from dust collected in work areas and from samples collected by scraping the edge of PCBs. Samples of collected glass fibers were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM).Results  SEM of the fiberglass samples revealed that fibers were approximately 10 μm in diameter. In samples from both the edge of PCBs and from dust collected in work areas, SEM revealed that most of the fibers were in bundles of various sizes and lengths. All fibers collected from patients' skin by tape stripping showed a singular spicule, most had a sharp free end, and the lengths were in the range 50–150 μm.Conclusions  Singular glass fibers with a sharp free end and a length of 50–150 μm are most likely to induce fiberglass dermatitis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-4362.2001.00632.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The association between tumor necrosis factor, HLA-DR alleles, and IgE-mediated asthma in Taiwanese adolescents (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Allergy 57 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background: Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) DR genes and the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) gene locus are associated with asthma and IgE production. TNFα-308G/A frequencies between Japanese and Caucasians in the UK have been found to be different. The roles of HLA-DRB1 and TNF genotypes are unknown in Taiwanese adolescents with IgE-mediated asthma (I-asthma).Methods: From the population of a 1996 nation-wide survey, we recruited a random sample for a physical examination, determination of total serum IgE (sIgE), dust-mite-specific IgE, and HLA-DRB1, TNFα-308, and LTαNcoI polymorphisms by polymerase chain reaction.Results: A total of 80 I-asthmatics and 69 non-asthmatics completed the study. We suggested that I-asthmatics had a higher frequency of the DR13 gene (OR = 8.6, 95% CI = [1.6–161]). The DR13 gene was associated with high sIgE and high dust-mite-specific IgE, especially Dermatophagoides farinae. No TNF haplotype or genotype was associated with I-asthma. The DR13 gene was linked to the LTαNcoI*1 allele. When sIgE was adjusted by multiple logistic regression, the risk of I-asthma was much higher for the DR13(+)/LTαNcoI*1 haplotype (OR = 25.6, 95% CI = [2.2–1378]) than for the others.Conclusions: In Taiwanese children sensitized to Der f, the DR13(+)/LTαNcoI*1 haplotype was associated with a much higher risk of having clinical asthma than any other DR13/LTαNcoI haplotype.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1398-9995.2002.23719.x
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