GLORIA

GEOMAR Library Ocean Research Information Access

X
feed icon rss

Your email was sent successfully. Check your inbox.

An error occurred while sending the email. Please try again.

Proceed reservation?

Export
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Laboratory study of the emission of NO and N2O from some Belgian soils (1994)
    Springer
    Environmental monitoring and assessment 31 (1994), S. 183-189 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2959
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract The NO, NO2 and N2O emission was measured, upon application of nitrate, ammonium and both, to four Belgian soils with different characteristics. The addition of NH 4 + caused higher NO and N2O emissions than the addition of no nitrogen, or the addition of NO 3 − . In contrast to the two soils with a pH of approximately 8 the two soils with a pH around 6 showed a considerable delay in production of both NO and N2O upon the application of the ammonium, probably due to the lag-period of nitrification. The soils with a pH of 8 gave higher emissions on the application of NH 4 + than the soils with a pH of 6. The emission of NO2 was found to be considerably lower than the NO emission from the soils. The NO/NO2 ratio varied between 5–25 at considerable NO emissions (〉50 nmol kg−1). In the controls of soil 1 and soil 2, which showed very low NO emissions ratios of 〈1 were observed. The N2O/NO ratios varied between 5–20 when NO emissions were considerable (〉50 nmol kg−1). Soil 3 and 4 gave lower N2O/NO ratios than soil 1 and 2. In the controls of soil 1 and soil 2, at low NO emissions, N2O/NO ratios of 〉300 were observed. Soil 3 and 4 gave higher NO/NO2 and lower N2O/NO ratios than soil 1 and 2.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00547195
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A comparison between the biomass production of Potamogeton pectinatus L. and Myriophyllum spicatum L. in the Camargue (southern France) in relation to salinity and sediment characteristics (1994)
    Springer
    Plant ecology 113 (1994), S. 171-180 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5052
    Keywords: Submerged macrophytes ; Salinity ; Biomass production ; Sediment organic matter ; Nitrogen
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Nomenclature: follows Flora Europea (Tutin et al. 1964–1980). Since the extension of the irrigation system, the water regime of most of the permanent marshes of the Camargue (southern France) have been intensively controlled. Considerable quantities of nutrient rich Rhone water are pumped into these marshes, leading to lower salinities and a higher biomass production and consequently an increasing organic matter concentration of the sediments. Myriophyllum spicatum has become abundant in these permanent marshes since large quantities of freshwater entered these systems. It has displaced Potamogeton pectinatus in several of these marshes. The different factors likely to influence the distribution of P. pectinatus and M. spicatum were investigated experimentally. The impact of Cl- concentrations between 0 and 6 g l-1 on the biomass production of both species was tested. P. pectinatus appears to be more salt tolerant than M. spicatum. The influence of sediment quality on the biomass production of both species was investigated using six sediments differing in organic matter concentration. Compared to P. pectinatus, M. spicatum had a lower total biomass production when grown on sediments with low organic matter concentration (2–4% organic matter) and a higher biomass production on sediments with relatively high organic matter concentration (9–13% organic matter). Nitrogen addition to the sediments yielded an increased biomass production of P. pectinatus and M. spicatum. On some sediments M. spicatum needed higher concentrations of nitrogen than P. pectinatus to increase its biomass production. The creation of freshwater marshes by the introduction of irrigation water, resulting in lower salinities and an increase in sediment organic matter concentration, stimulates the biomass production of M. spicatum. As M. spicatum grows less well on poor sediments and at higher salinities it seems to be unable to displace P. pectinatus in more natural systems in the Camargue.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00044233
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The impact of desiccation of a freshwater marsh (Garcines Nord, Camargue, France) on sediment-water-vegetation interactions (1993)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 252 (1993), S. 83-94 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The impact of desiccation on a marsh sediment was studied both in the laboratory and in the field. Changes in the sediment chemistry of a homogenized sediment suspension during desiccation were studied in the laboratory. FeS was oxidized completely. A considerable mineralization of organic phosphate took place, from both the acid soluble organic phosphate fraction and from the residual organic phosphate fraction, but no significant mineralization of organic matter was observed. The o-P formed during the mineralization was recovered partly in the Fe(OOH) ≈P fraction and partly in the CaC3≈P fraction. An upward flux was found. During spring and summer 1990 the water inlet to a shallow permanent freshwater marsh with a surface of about 1.5 hectares was blocked, in order to desiccate the marsh by evaporation. The sediments initially consisted of a black anoxic organic top layer and a less organic anoxic gray layer. During the desiccation of the sediment a brown oxic surface layer was formed from the black layer and an increase of pH and Eh occurred. Subsequent rainfall made the Eh increase further but caused a decrease in pH indicating an increase in bacterial activity. A progressive oxidation of FeS was observed. An increase in Tot-P in the surface layer and a decrease in the gray and the black layer of the sediment occurred, probably due to a capillary upward flux. A mineralization of organic matter was observed in the two deeper layers. In the upper brown layer this mineralization was less evident, probably because it has been masked by the capillary movement. A net C loss of 40% was calculated to have occurred in the layer 0–40 cm. In the deeper layers a decrease in Tot-N was observed, whereas no important increase occurred in the top layer. Over a sediment layer of 40 cm a N loss of 50% was calculated. C- and N losses occurred simultaneously, suggesting the importance of mineralization as a source of inorg-N for denitrification. The chemical and physical changes in the sediment during desiccation affected layers down to 40 cm. This means that not only the top layer of a sediment but also deeper layers are active in systems of which part of the sediment dries occasionally. Fractionation of the surface sediment phosphate showed an increase of Fe(OOH) ≈ P in the top layer due to the oxidation of FeS to Fe(OOH), enlarging the P-adsorption capacity of the sediment. A mineralization of about 50% of acid soluble organic phosphate occurred. After rainfall, a net increase in residual organic phosphate occured presumably due to an increase of bacterial activity. Drying may therefore be utilized as a tool, in wetland management, to eliminate organic nitrogen and carbon from the sediment. In rice culture, it may be used to make part of the organic nitrogen available to the rice.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00000130
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The impact of desiccation of a freshwater marsh (Garcines Nord, Camargue, France) on sediment-water-vegetation interactions (1993)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 252 (1993), S. 95-103 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: drawdown ; P. pectinatus ; sulphide ; ferrous iron ; wetland-management
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Many temporary marshes in the Camargue (Southern France) are managed as permanent marshes to create habitats attractive to waterfowl.Potamogeton pectinatus, a common food for waterfowl, is in a bad condition in several of these marshes. This might be due to the accumulation of toxic compounds such as ferrous iron and sulphide in the anoxic, organic rich sediment. We examined whether desiccation of the sediment of such a permanent marsh leads to a better growth ofP. pectinatus. Field observations showed that a summer drawdown of the permanent marsh Garcines led to a considerable abundance of annual plants and a decrease in the biomass production ofP. pectinatus in the following spring. We investigated the difference in growth ofP. pectinatus when growing on sediment that dried (border) and sediment that did not dry (centre). However, the border sediment did not dry long enough to oxidize all the reduced constituents and ferrous iron remained present in the interstitial water. No difference in biomass production was found in plants growing on the border or on the centre sediment. The plants from the centre sediments had very low root to shoot ratios, which might be caused by sulphide. Many tubers were formed; the tuber production was probably enhanced by stress due to the presence of toxic compounds in the sediment. Repeated short winter drawdowns might be the best management to increaseP. pectinatus production.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00000131
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The impact of desiccation of a freshwater marsh (Garcines Nord, Camargue, France) on sediment-water-vegetation interactions (1993)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 252 (1993), S. 105-116 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: freshwater marsh ; drying ; phosphate fractionation ; mineralization ; phosphate adsorption ; bacteria
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Changes in the fractional P-composition and the P-adsorption capacity of the Garcines (Camargue, France) a freshwater marsh sediment were studied. Desiccation was found to cause considerable shifts in the fractional composition of the sediment layers studied. In the surface layer an increase in Fe(OOH) ≈ P and a slight decrease in CaCO3 ≈ P occurred. A specific mineralization of Acid Soluble Organic Phosphate (ASOP) occurred: about 40% (about 70 μg g−1) of Acid Soluble Organic Phosphate was mineralized in the surface sediment and about 60% (about 200 μg g−1) in a deeper layer. Therefore, Acid Soluble Organic Phosphate may be considered to be of ecological importance as it seems to be the main active Org-P fraction, under the conditions tested. Desiccation was found to have a positive effect on the phosphate adsorption capacity of the sediment, due to the formation of Fe(OOH) from FeS. Approximately 100% of o-P adsorbed was recovered in the inorg-P-fractions. Since the inactivation of bacteria was found to have no effect on the adsorption capacity of the sediment, bacteria seem not to play an active role in the P adsorption by the sediment. In chloroform treated sediments less residual organic phosphate occurred than in the none treated, indicating that Pbact is recovered in that fraction.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00000132
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Some remarks on the presence of organic phosphates in sediments (1990)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 207 (1990), S. 303-309 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: Organic phosphate ; fractionation ; sediment
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract This article describes a new method developed to assess the size and nature of the organic phosphate pool. Using sediment suspensions from the Rhone, Garonne and Po rivers, inorganic P compounds, Fe(OOH) and CaCO3 were removed using mild extractants at sediment pH. The residual phosphate was then fractionated into an acid soluble organic phosphate pool and a residual organic phosphate pool by acid hydrolysis (0.5 M H+). Both pools were quantitatively important, accounting for between 16 and 54% and 16 and 51% of total phosphate respectively. Acid hydrolysis was chosen since it yielded a distinct plateau, with high reproducibility, within 30 minutes. This fractionation permits a further study of dynamics and bioavailability of sediment org-P, without interference of Fe(OOH) and CaCO3. In many studies in which changes in the organic pool were examined after extraction of inorganic phosphate, 0.5 M HCl was used to extract apatite bound phosphate. The results presented here show that this is likely to result in a considerable underestimation of the organic phosphate pool.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00041469
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of ammonium and nitrate application on the NO and N2O emission out of different soils (1996)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 181 (1996), S. 153-162 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: denitrification ; greenhouse gas ; nitric oxide ; nitrification ; nitrous oxide
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract The effect of nitrate and ammonium application (0, 50, 100 and 150 mg N kg-1 soil) was studied in an incubation experiment. Four Belgian soils, selected for different soil characteristics, were used. The application of both nitrate and ammonium caused an increase of the NO and N2O emission. The NO production from nitrate and ammonium was found to be of the same order of magnitude. At low pH the NO production was found to be highest from nitrate, at higher pH values the production was found to be higher from ammonium. This seems to be the result of the negative effect of low pH on nitrification. The ANOVA analysis was carried out to separate the effect of the form of nitrogen, quantily of N applied and soil characteristics. The total production of NO was found to depend for 97% on the soil characteristics and for 3% on the quantity of N added. The total N2O production depended for 100% on the soil characteristics. Stepwise regression analysis showed that the total NO production was best predicted by a combination of the factors CaCO3 content and NH4 + concentration in the soil. Total N2O production was best described by a combination of CaCO3, water soluble carbon (WSC) and sand-content. The N2O/NO ratio was found to be highly variable, indicating that their productions react differently to changes in conditions, or are partly independent. It may be concluded that to NO and N2O from soils both nitrification and denitrification may be equally important, their relative importance depending on local conditions such as substrate availability, water content of the soil etc. However, the NO production seems to be more nitrification dependent than the N2O production. ei]{gnE}{fnMerckx}{edSection editor}
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00011302
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nitrous oxide emission out of grassland (1994)
    Springer
    Environmental monitoring and assessment 31 (1994), S. 145-152 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2959
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract Grazed grassland which received 295 kg ha−1 N-fertilizer (NH4NO3), split-applied, was used to measure nitrous oxide emission. The closed box method was used. At the same time, also soil cores were taken for incubation in the presence of acetylene. During 280 days in 1992, a total emission of 8.4 kg N2O-N ha−1 was found. This was close to 50 % of the total denitrification, which was 18.7 kg (N2O+N2)-N ha−1 over 280 days. A variability study on N2O emission was carried out on a surface of 1, 100 and 10,000 m2, respectively. This study confirmed the lognormal distribution of data with variation coefficients of 20 to 25%. It was also found that the effect of application of 200 kg KNO3-N on N2O emission was limited to 2 weeks upon fertilization. It more than doubled the emission rate during this period.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00547190
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
Close ⊗
This website uses cookies and the analysis tool Matomo. More information can be found here...