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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A galinstan expansion femtosyringe for microinjection of eukaryotic organelles and prokaryotes (1999)
    [s.l.] : Nature America Inc.
    Nature biotechnology 17 (1999), S. 906-909 
    Details
    ISSN: 1546-1696
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: [Auszug] A galinstan expansion femtosyringe enables femtoliter to attoliter samples to be introduced into prokaryotes and subcellular compartments of eukaryotes. The method uses heat-induced expansion of galinstan (a liquid metal alloy of gallium, indium, and tin) within a glass syringe to expel samples ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/12902
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    GFP movement between chloroplasts (1999)
    [s.l.] : Nature America Inc.
    Nature biotechnology 17 (1999), S. 1146-1146 
    Details
    ISSN: 1546-1696
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: [Auszug] To the editor: In your September issue (Nat. Biotechnol. 17, 906), we described the presence of green fluorescent protein (GFP) in multiple chloroplasts in a single cell following injection of a gfp gene construct into a single chloroplast, and suggested that GFP was able to move through ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/70653
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Two small open reading frames are co-transcribed with the pea chloroplast genes for the polypeptides of cytochrome b-559 (1989)
    Springer
    Current genetics 15 (1989), S. 213-220 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Keywords: Chloroplast DNA ; Cytochrome b-559 ; Open reading frame ; Transcription
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The genes encoding the 9 kDa and 4 kDa polypeptides of cytochrome b-559 have been located in pea chloroplast DNA by coupled transcription-translation of cloned restriction fragments of chloroplast DNA in a cell-free extract of Escherichia coli and by nucleotide sequence analysis. The genes (psbE and psbF) are located approximately 1.0 kbp downstream of the gene for Cyochrome f and are transcribed in the opposite direction, similar to the arrangement in the chloroplast genomes of other higher plants. Nucleotide sequence analysis of this region revealed four open reading frames encoding hydrophobic proteins of 83 (psbE), 39 (psbF), 38 and 40 amino acid residues, which are co-transcribed as a single major RNA of 1.1 kb. The 5′ and 3′ ends of this RNA have been located by primer extension and S 1 nuclease mapping. The 5′ end of the RNA is located 140 by upstream of the initiating ATG codon of psbE and is preceded by typical chloroplast promoter sequences. The 3′ end of the RNA is located approximately 515 by downstream of the TAA stop codon of psbF close to a stable stem-loop structure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00435508
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pea chloroplast genes encoding a 4kDa polypeptide of photosystem I and a putative enzyme of C1 metabolism (1991)
    Springer
    Current genetics 19 (1991), S. 403-410 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Keywords: psaI ; Thylakoid membrane protein ; Zinc finger protein ; zfpA ; Propionyl-CoA carboxylase
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The nucleotide sequence of 3.2 kbp of pea chloroplast DNA located upstream from the petA gene for cytochrome f, and previously reported to contain the gene for a photosystem I polypeptide, has been determined. Three open reading frames of 587, 40 and 157 codons have been identified. Orf40 encodes a highly conserved, hydrophobic, membrane-spanning polypeptide, and is identified as the gene psaI for the 4 kDa subunit of photosystem I. Orf587 is an extended version of the gene zfpA previously identified as encoding a conserved putative zinc-finger protein. The product of orf587 shows extensive homology to an unidentified open reading frame cotranscribed with a gene for folate metabolism in Escherichia coli and local homology to a region of the β subunit of rat mitochondrial propionyl-CoA carboxylase. It is suggested that the product of orf587 is an enzyme of C1 metabolism and is unlikely to be a regulatory DNA-binding protein. Orf157 potentially encodes an unidentified basic protein, but the protein sequence is not conserved in other plants.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00309603
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Expression of the wheat chloroplast gene for CF0 subunit IV of ATP synthase (1990)
    Springer
    Current genetics 18 (1990), S. 471-476 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Keywords: H+-ATPase ; Gene-fusion ; Thylakoid membrane
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The nucleotide sequence of the wheat chloroplast atp I gene encoding CF0 subunit IV of ATP synthase has been determined. The gene encodes a polypeptide of 247 amino acid residues with high sequence similarity to subunit IV from other plant chloroplasts and from cyanobacteria. The polypeptide shows sequence homology to the C-terminus of the F0 a subunit of Escherichia coli ATP synthase and subunit 6 of mitochondrial ATP synthase. The atp I gene is co-transcribed with the atp H, atp F and atp A genes for other subunits of ATP synthase in wheat. A gene-fusion of most of the atpI coding region with cro 1-lacI'-lacZ' has been constructed in pEX2 and the fusion-protein has been used to raise antibodies in rabbits. The antibodies react with a polypeptide of 17 kDa in wheat thylakoid membranes indicating that the wheat atpI gene is expressed at the protein level. A model for the organisation of the polypeptide in the thylakoid membrane with four membrane-spanning segments is proposed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00309919
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Differential expression of the psbB and psbH genes encoding the 47 kDa chlorophyll a-protein and the 10 kDa phosphoprotein of photosystem II during chloroplast development in wheat (1991)
    Springer
    Current genetics 19 (1991), S. 199-206 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Keywords: Light regulation ; psbN ; Triticum aestivum ; Etioplast
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The nucleotide sequence of a region of wheat chloroplast DNA containing the psbB gene for the 47 kDa chlorophyll a-binding protein of photosystem II has been determined. The gene encodes a polypeptide of 508 amino acid residues which is predicted to contain six hydrophobic membrane-spanning regions. The psbB gene is located 562 bp upstream of the psbH gene for the 10 kDa phosphoprotein of photosystem II. A small open reading frame of 38 codons is located between psbB and psbH, and on the opposite strand the psbN gene, encoding a photosystem II polypeptide of 43 amino acid residues, is located between orf38 and psbH. S1 nuclease mapping indicated that the 5′ ends of transcripts were located 371 and 183 bp upstream of the psbB translation initiation codon. Predominant transcripts of 2.1 kb and 1.8 kb for psbB and 0.4 kb for psbH were present in RNA isolated from etiolated and greening wheat seedlings. Immunodecoration of Western blots indicated that the 47 kDa polypeptide was absent, or present in very low amounts, in dark-grown tissue and accumulated on greening, whereas the 10 kDa polypeptide was present in similar amounts in both dark-grown and greening seedlings. The 10 kDa polypeptide was phosphorylated in vitro by incubating wheat etioplast membranes with [γ3 2P] ATP.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00336487
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Localisation of genes for components of photosystem II in chloroplast DNA from pea and wheat (1985)
    Springer
    Current genetics 10 (1985), S. 329-333 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Keywords: Pea ; Wheat ; Chloroplast genes ; Photosystem II
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The genes for three components of photosystem II have been localised in chloroplast DNA from pea and wheat by hybridisation with gene-internal sequences from spinach chloroplast DNA. In both pea and wheat, the gene for the 51 kDa polypeptide is located close to the genes for cytochrome b-563 and the 15 kDa polypeptide of the cytochrome b-f complex. The genes for the D2 and 44 kDa polypeptides are located close together, approximately 55 kbp from the gene for the 51 kDa polypeptide, in both pea and wheat chloroplast DNA. The location and orientation of the genes for the D2 and 44 kDa polypeptides in wheat chloroplast DNA indicate that the rearrangement of the wheat genome with respect to the spinach genome is the result of at least two inversions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00365629
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Localization and nucleotide sequence of the gene for the 8 kDa subunit of photosystem I in pea and wheat chloroplast DNA (1988)
    Springer
    Plant molecular biology 11 (1988), S. 311-319 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5028
    Keywords: chloroplast gene ; iron-sulphur protein ; psaC ; Pisum sativum ; Triticum aestivum
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The gene for the 8 kDa subunit of photosystem I has been located in the small single copy region of wheat chloroplast DNA by coupled transcription-translation of cloned fragments of DNA and by DNA sequence analysis. The pea gene for this subunit was located in pea chloroplast DNA by using the wheat gene as a probe. The location was confirmed by immunoprecipitation of the products of coupled transcription-translation of cloned DNA with antiserum raised against the small subunits of pea photosystem I and by DNA sequence analysis. The deduced amino acid sequences of the pea and wheat proteins are identical in seventy-six out of the eighty-one amino acid residues. There are nine conserved cysteine residues, eight of which are arranged in the primary structure in a similar way to those in bacterial ferredoxins containing two 4Fe-4S centres, suggesting that the polypeptide binds iron sulphur centres A and B of photosystem I.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00027388
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A photosystem II polypeptide is encoded by an open reading frame co-transcribed with genes for cytochrome b-559 in wheat chloroplast DNA (1989)
    Springer
    Plant molecular biology 12 (1989), S. 141-151 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5028
    Keywords: chloroplast DNA ; cytochrome b-559 ; photosystem II ; psbL ; wheat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The N-terminal amino acid sequence of a 3.2 kDa photosystem II polypeptide is shown to be identical to that of a polypeptide encoded by an open reading frame of 38 codons (orf38) in wheat chloroplast DNA. Orf38 is located just downstream of the psbE and psbF genes for the polypeptides of cytochrome b-559. Analysis of the transcription of this region of chloroplast DNA shows that psbE, psbF and orf38 are co-transcribed to give a 1.1 kb polycistronic transcript which also contains another open reading frame of 40 codons. The orf38 and orf40 products are hydrophobic polypeptides which are both predicted to span the thylakoid membrane once. Orf38 and orf40 are highly conserved, and map to similar locations adjacent to psbE and psbF, in all organisms from which this region of DNA has been sequenced. We propose that orf38 is named psbL.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00020499
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Plastocyanin is encoded by a single-copy gene in the pea haploid genome (1989)
    Springer
    Plant molecular biology 12 (1989), S. 655-666 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5028
    Keywords: chloroplast ; presequence ; promotor ; light-responsive element ; Z-DNA
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract cDNA clones for pea plastocyanin were isolated from a pea leaf cDNA library screened with a 32P-labelled mixed oligonucleotide probe predicted from part of the N-terminal amino acid sequence of pea plastocyanin. The six cDNA clones isolated were found to be identical in the regions in which they overlapped. A Southern blot of restricted pea DNA probed with one of these cDNA clones showed the pea plastocyanin gene to exist as a single copy in the haploid genome. A pea genomic library in λEMBL3 screened with the same cDNA clone gave three positive plaques which contained identical 16 kbp Bam HI fragments. A single uninterrupted plastocyanin gene was located near the middle of the fragment and was characterised by DNA sequencing. The derived amino acid sequence indicates that the plastocyanin precursor consists of 168 amino acid residues including a presequence of 69 amino acid residues. The transcription initiation site was located by S1 nuclease mapping approximately 50 bp upstream of the translation initiation site. A sequence similar to a consensus light-responsive element found in a large number of phytochrome-dependent light-inducible genes is located just upstream of the TATA box. A cluster of direct repeats containing potential Z-DNA-forming elements occurs 600–750 bp upstream of the transcription initiation site.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00044156
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