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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Physical Methods for Inorganic Biochemistry. (1986)
    New York, NY :Springer,
    Details
    Keywords: Analytical chemistry. ; Electronic books.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: 1 online resource (393 pages)
    Edition: 1st ed.
    ISBN: 9781468449976
    Series Statement: Biochemistry of the Elements Series ; v.5
    URL: https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/geomar/detail.action?docID=6571158
    DDC: 574.19/214
    Language: English
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    GEOMAR EBL
  • 2
    Book
    Book
    Quantitative methods in petrology : an issue in honor of Hugh J. Greenwood (1991)
    Nepean, Ontario : Mineralogical Assoc. of Canada
    Details Availability
    Type of Medium: Book
    Pages: S. 611 - 1082 , Ill., graph. Darst., Kt , Ill., graph. Darst., Kt
    ISSN: 0008-4476
    Series Statement: The Canadian mineralogist 29,4
    DDC: 552.03
    Language: Undetermined
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  • 3
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    Seawater carbonate chemistry and grazing and diet preference in Littorina littorea (2022)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-15
    Description: Ocean acidification and eutrophication have direct, positive effects on the growth of many marine macroalgae, potentially resulting in macroalgal blooms and shifts in ecosystem structure and function. Enhanced growth of macroalgae, however, may be controlled by the presence of grazers. While grazing under ocean acidification and eutrophication conditions has variable responses, there is evidence of these factors indirectly increasing consumption. We tested whether a common marine herbivorous snail, Littorina littorea, would increase consumption rates of macroalgae (Ulva and Fucus) under ocean acidification (increased pCO2) and/or eutrophication conditions, via feeding trials on live and reconstituted algal thalli. We found that increased pCO2 resulted in reduced grazing rates on live thalli, with snails feeding almost exclusively on Ulva. However, eutrophication did not impact consumption rates of live tissues. In addition, similarity in consumption of reconstituted Ulva and Fucus tissues across all treatments indicated that physical characteristics of algal tissues, rather than tissue chemistry, may drive dietary shifts in a changing climate. In this system, decreased consumption, coupled with increased growth of macroalgae, may ultimately enhance algal growth and spread.
    Keywords: Alkalinity, total; Alkalinity, total, standard error; Animalia; Aragonite saturation state; Behaviour; Benthic animals; Benthos; Bicarbonate ion; Bicarbonate ion, standard error; Calcite saturation state; Calculated using seacarb; Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010); Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Carbon, inorganic, dissolved, standard error; Carbonate ion; Carbonate ion, standard error; Carbonate system computation flag; Carbon dioxide; Carbon dioxide, standard error; Change; Chlorophyta; Coast and continental shelf; Containers and aquaria (20-1000 L or 〈 1 m**2); EXP; Experiment; Fucus vesiculosus; Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Grazing rate per individual; Identification; Laboratory experiment; Littorina littorea; Macroalgae; Macro-nutrients; Mollusca; Nitrogen, inorganic, dissolved; Nitrogen, inorganic, dissolved, standard error; North Atlantic; Number of squares; OA-ICC; Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre; Ochrophyta; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air), standard error; pH; pH, standard error; Plantae; Salinity; Salinity, standard error; Single species; Species, unique identification; Species interaction; Temperate; Temperature, water; Temperature, water, standard error; Treatment; Type; Ulva lactuca; University_of_Rhode_Island
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 2968 data points
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 4
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    Sei whale movements and behaviour in the North Atlantic inferred from satellite telemetry (2015)
    Inter-Research
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: © The Author(s), 2014. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Endangered Species Research 26 (2014): 103-113, doi:10.3354/esr00630.
    Description: The stock structure of the sei whale Balaenoptera borealis in the North Atlantic is unknown, despite years of commercial hunting. New and up-to-date data on distribution and movements are essential for the creation of plausible hypotheses about the stock structure of this species. Between 2008 and 2009 satellite tracks of 8 sei whales were obtained, 7 during spring and 1 in late September. Using a hierarchical switching state-space model we investigated the movements, behaviour and the role of distinct areas in their life history. Two distinct phases corresponding to migratory and foraging movements were identified. A migratory corridor between the Azores and the Labrador Sea is clearly identifiable from the data. Behaviour consistent with foraging was observed frequently in the Labrador Sea, showing that it constitutes an important feeding ground. A link between the Labrador Sea and other feeding grounds to the east is deemed likely. The data also support a discrete feeding ground in the Gulf of Maine and off Nova Scotia. A possible link between the feeding grounds in the Labrador Sea and wintering grounds off northwestern Africa is proposed.
    Description: This research was supported by Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia (FCT), Fundo Regional da Ciência, Tecnologia (FRCT), through research projects TRACEPTDC/ MAR/74071/2006 and MAPCET-M2.1.2/F/012/2011 (FEDER, the Competitiveness Factors Operational [COMPETE], QREN European Social Fund, and Proconvergencia Açores/EU Program). We acknowledge funds provided by FCT to LARSyS Associated Laboratory & IMAR—University of the Azores/the Thematic Area D & E of the Strategic Project PEst-OE/EEI/LA0009/2011-1012 and 2013-2014 (OE & Compete) and by the FRCT—Government of the Azores pluriannual funding. M.A.S. was supported by POPH, QREN European Social Fund and the Portuguese Ministry for Science and Education, through an FCT Investigator grant. R.P. was supported by an FCT doctoral grant (SFRH/ BD/41192/2007) and by a research grant from the Azores Regional Fund for Science and Technology (M3.1.5/ F/115/ 2012).
    Keywords: Migration ; Satellite tracking ; Marine mammal ; Stock structure ; Labrador Sea ; Azores ; Whale ecology ; Sei whale
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Article
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 5
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    The forgotten whale : a bibliometric analysis and literature review of the North Atlantic sei whale Balaenoptera borealis (2012)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: Author Posting. © The Author(s), 2012. This is the author's version of the work. It is posted here by permission of John Wiley & Sons for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Mammal Review 42 (2012): 235-272, doi:10.1111/j.1365-2907.2011.00195.x.
    Description: 1. A bibliometric analysis of the literature on the sei whale Balaenoptera borealis is presented. Research output on the species is quantified and compared with research on four other whale species. The results show a significant increase in research for all species except the sei whale. Research output is characterized chronologically and by oceanic basin. 2. The species’ distribution, movements, stock structure, feeding, reproduction, abundance, acoustics, mortality and threats are reviewed for the North Atlantic, and the review is complemented with previously unpublished data. 3. Knowledge on the distribution and movements of the sei whale in the North Atlantic is still mainly derived from whaling records. Movement patterns and winter distribution are not clear. Surveys in some known summering areas show that the species has changed its distribution in parts of its previously known range. 4. With the present information, it is impossible to determine whether or not the North Atlantic sei whale population is subdivided into biological units. Abundance estimates are fragmentary and cover a restricted part of the summering habitat. 5. In the North Atlantic, sei whales seem to be stenophagous, feeding almost exclusively on calanoid copepods and euphausiids. On feeding grounds, they are associated with oceanic frontal systems, but how they find and explore these structures has not been fully investigated. 6. The available data on vital rates are based on whaling-derived studies and are 25 years old or older. Despite increasing human and environmentally induced pressures, there are no current estimates for mortality and population trends. 7. Current research needs include the clear definition of stock units, reliable abundance estimates, studies of distribution and migration that incorporate the identification of wintering areas, acquisition of up-to-date data on reproduction and mortality, and investigations into the consequences of environmental changes for the species.
    Description: Mónica Silva was supported by an FCT postdoctoral grant (SFRH/BPD/29841/2006), and Rui Prieto was supported by an FCT doctoral grant (SFRH/BD/32520/2006).
    Keywords: Balaenopteridae ; Feeding ecology ; Human interactions ; Population biology
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Preprint
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 6
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    The diversity of sulfide oxidation and sulfate reduction genes expressed by the bacterial communities of the Cariaco Basin, Venezuela (2016)
    Bentham Open
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: © The Author(s), 2016. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Open Microbiology Journal 10 (2016): 140-149, doi:10.2174/1874285801610010140.
    Description: Qualitative expression of dissimilative sulfite reductase (dsrA), a key gene in sulfate reduction, and sulfide:quinone oxidoreductase (sqr), a key gene in sulfide oxidation was investigated. Neither of the two could be amplified from mRNA retrieved with Niskin bottles but were amplified from mRNA retrieved by the Deep SID. The sqr and sqr-like genes retrieved from the Cariaco Basin were related to the sqr genes from a Bradyrhizobium sp., Methylomicrobium alcaliphilum, Sulfurovum sp. NBC37-1, Sulfurimonas autotrophica, Thiorhodospira sibirica and Chlorobium tepidum. The dsrA gene sequences obtained from the redoxcline of the Cariaco Basin belonged to chemoorganotrophic and chemoautotrophic sulfate and sulfur reducers belonging to the class Deltaproteobacteria (phylum Proteobacteria) and the order Clostridiales (phylum Firmicutes).
    Description: Support for this work came from NSF grant MCB03-47811 to AYC, MIS, and GTT and NSF grant OCE-1061774 to VPE and CT.
    Keywords: Cariaco Basin ; cDNA ; Gene expression ; Sulfide:quinone oxidoreductase ; Sulfite reductase ; Sulfur cycle
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Article
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  • 7
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    Google haul out : Earth observation imagery and digital aerial surveys in coastal wildlife management and abundance estimation (2017)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: © The Author(s), 2017. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Bioscience 67 (2017): 760–768, doi:10.1093/biosci/bix059.
    Description: As the sampling frequency and resolution of Earth observation imagery increase, there are growing opportunities for novel applications in population monitoring. New methods are required to apply established analytical approaches to data collected from new observation platforms (e.g., satellites and unmanned aerial vehicles). Here, we present a method that estimates regional seasonal abundances for an understudied and growing population of gray seals (Halichoerus grypus) in southeastern Massachusetts, using opportunistic observations in Google Earth imagery. Abundance estimates are derived from digital aerial survey counts by adapting established correction-based analyses with telemetry behavioral observation to quantify survey biases. The result is a first regional understanding of gray seal abundance in the northeast US through opportunistic Earth observation imagery and repurposed animal telemetry data. As species observation data from Earth observation imagery become more ubiquitous, such methods provide a robust, adaptable, and cost-effective solution to monitoring animal colonies and understanding species abundances.
    Description: We would like to thank generous support from International Fund for Animal Welfare, the Bureau of Ocean Energy, and the Oak Foundation for funding support for the telemetry devices.
    Keywords: Abundance estimation ; Gray seals (Halichoerus grypus) ; Cape Cod ; Remote sensing ; Earth observation
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Article
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  • 8
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    Marine mammal skin microbiotas are influenced by host phylogeny (2020)
    The Royal Society
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-26
    Description: © The Author(s), 2020. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Apprill, A., Miller, C. A., Van Cise, A. M., U'Ren, J. M., Leslie, M. S., Weber, L., Baird, R. W., Robbins, J., Landry, S., Bogomolni, A., & Waring, G. Marine mammal skin microbiotas are influenced by host phylogeny. Royal Society Open Science, 7(5), (2020): 192046, doi:10.1098/rsos.192046.
    Description: Skin-associated microorganisms have been shown to play a role in immune function and disease of humans, but are understudied in marine mammals, a diverse animal group that serve as sentinels of ocean health. We examined the microbiota associated with 75 epidermal samples opportunistically collected from nine species within four marine mammal families, including: Balaenopteridae (sei and fin whales), Phocidae (harbour seal), Physeteridae (sperm whales) and Delphinidae (bottlenose dolphins, pantropical spotted dolphins, rough-toothed dolphins, short-finned pilot whales and melon-headed whales). The skin was sampled from free-ranging animals in Hawai‘i (Pacific Ocean) and off the east coast of the United States (Atlantic Ocean), and the composition of the bacterial community was examined using the sequencing of partial small subunit (SSU) ribosomal RNA genes. Skin microbiotas were significantly different among host species and taxonomic families, and microbial community distance was positively correlated with mitochondrial-based host genetic divergence. The oceanic location could play a role in skin microbiota variation, but skin from species sampled in both locations is necessary to determine this influence. These data suggest that a phylosymbiotic relationship may exist between microbiota and their marine mammal hosts, potentially providing specific health and immune-related functions that contribute to the success of these animals in diverse ocean ecosystems.
    Description: Funding provided by the Earth Microbiome Project, WHOI Marine Mammal Center, WHOI Ocean Life Institute and WHOI's Andrew W. Mellon Foundation Endowed Fund for Innovative Research to A.A. Hawai‘i sampling was undertaken during field projects funded by grants from ONR (N000141310648 to R.W.B, N000141110612 to T.A. Mooney and N00014101686 to R.D. Andrews) and NMFS (NA13OAR4540212 to R.W.B).
    Keywords: Bacteria ; SSU ribosomal RNA gene ; Phylogeny ; Microorganism ; Marine mammal
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Article
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  • 9
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    Imprint of trace dissolved oxygen on prokaryoplankton community structure in an oxygen minimum zone (2020)
    Frontiers Media
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-26
    Description: © The Author(s), 2020. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Faull, L. M., Mara, P., Taylor, G. T., & Edgcomb, V. P. Imprint of trace dissolved oxygen on prokaryoplankton community structure in an oxygen minimum zone. Frontiers in Marine Science, 7, (2020): 360, doi:10.3389/fmars.2020.00360.
    Description: The Eastern Tropical North Pacific (ETNP) is a large, persistent, and intensifying oxygen minimum zone (OMZ) that accounts for almost half of the total area of global OMZs. Within the OMZ core (∼350–700 m depth), dissolved oxygen is typically near or below the analytical detection limit of modern sensors (∼10 nM). Steep oxygen gradients above and below the OMZ core lead to vertical structuring of microbial communities that also vary between particle-associated (PA) and free-living (FL) size fractions. Here, we use 16S amplicon sequencing (iTags) to analyze the diversity and distribution of prokaryotic populations between FL and PA size fractions and among the range of ambient redox conditions. The hydrographic conditions at our study area were distinct from those previously reported in the ETNP and other OMZs, such as the ETSP. Trace oxygen concentrations (∼0.35 μM) were present throughout the OMZ core at our sampling location. Consequently, nitrite accumulations typically reported for OMZ cores were absent as were sequences for anammox bacteria (Brocadiales genus Candidatus Scalindua), which are commonly found across oxic-anoxic boundaries in other systems. However, ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) and archaea (AOA) distributions and maximal autotrophic carbon assimilation rates (1.4 μM C d–1) coincided with a pronounced ammonium concentration maximum near the top of the OMZ core. In addition, members of the genus Nitrospina, a dominant nitrite-oxidizing bacterial (NOB) clade were present suggesting that both ammonia and nitrite oxidation occur at trace oxygen concentrations. Analysis of similarity test (ANOSIM) and Non-metric Dimensional Scaling (nMDS) revealed that bacterial and archaeal phylogenetic representations were significantly different between size fractions. Based on ANOSIM and iTag profiles, composition of PA assemblages was less influenced by the prevailing depth-dependent biogeochemical regime than the FL fraction. Based on the presence of AOA, NOB and trace oxygen in the OMZ core we suggest that nitrification is an active process in the nitrogen cycle of this region of the ETNP OMZ.
    Description: This project resulted from a cruise of opportunity and was not expressly funded by any particular project. Projects which contributed to travel and sequencing costs had no funds allocated to publication costs and expired over a year ago. As I am a very active member of the Frontiers in Marine Science Editorial Board. I was granted one free submission and now request a waiver of the Article Processing Charges for this article.
    Keywords: Eastern tropical north pacific ; Oxygen minimum zones ; Prokaryoplankton community structure ; Oxygen gradients ; Nitrification
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Article
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  • 10
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    Eukaryotic parasites are integral to a productive microbial food web in oxygen-depleted waters (2022)
    Frontiers Media
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-26
    Description: © The Author(s), 2022]. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Suter, E. A., Pachiadaki, M., Taylor, G. T., & Edgcomb, V. P. Eukaryotic parasites are integral to a productive microbial food web in oxygen-depleted waters. Frontiers in Microbiology, 12, (2022): 764605, https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2021.764605.
    Description: Oxygen-depleted water columns (ODWCs) host a diverse community of eukaryotic protists that change dramatically in composition over the oxic-anoxic gradient. In the permanently anoxic Cariaco Basin, peaks in eukaryotic diversity occurred in layers where dark microbial activity (chemoautotrophy and heterotrophy) were highest, suggesting a link between prokaryotic activity and trophic associations with protists. Using 18S rRNA gene sequencing, parasites and especially the obligate parasitic clade, Syndiniales, appear to be particularly abundant, suggesting parasitism is an important, but overlooked interaction in ODWC food webs. Syndiniales were also associated with certain prokaryotic groups that are often found in ODWCs, including Marinimicrobia and Marine Group II archaea, evocative of feedbacks between parasitic infection events, release of organic matter, and prokaryotic assimilative activity. In a network analysis that included all three domains of life, bacterial and archaeal taxa were putative bottleneck and hub species, while a large proportion of edges were connected to eukaryotic nodes. Inclusion of parasites resulted in a more complex network with longer path lengths between members. Together, these results suggest that protists, and especially protistan parasites, play an important role in maintaining microbial food web complexity, particularly in ODWCs, where protist diversity and microbial productivity are high, but energy resources are limited relative to euphotic waters.
    Description: This work was supported by the National Science Foundation (NSF) grants (OCE-1336082 to VE and OCE-1335436 and OCE-1259110 to GT). The Cyverse infrastructure and resources are supported by the NSF under Award Numbers DBI-0735191, DBI-1265383, and DBI-1743442 (www.cyverse.org). Support was also provided by the Faculty Scholarship and Academic Advancement Committee at Molloy College.
    Keywords: 18S (SSU) rRNA gene ; Oxygen-depleted environment ; Oxygen minimum zone (OMZ) ; Protist ; Syndiniales ; Parasite ; Eukaryotes ; Network analysis
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Article
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