Note: Front cover -- Persistent Organic Pollutants in Asia: Sources, Distributions, Transport and Fate -- Copyright page -- Contents -- List of Contributors -- Introduction to the Book Series -- Preface -- Part I: East Asia-Japan, China, and Koria -- Chapter 1. Persistent Organic Pollutants Monitoring Activities in Japan -- 1.1. Introduction -- 1.2. PCB and POPs pesticides monitoring -- 1.3. Regional/global transport of POPs -- 1.4. Monitoring of dioxins (polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs), polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) and coplanar PCBs) -- 1.5. Stockpiles and wastes of POPs -- 1.6. Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 2. Emission, Contamination and Exposure, Fate and Transport, and National Management Strategy of Persistent Organic Pollutants in South Korea -- 2.1. Introduction -- 2.2. Methodology: Literature survey and target POPs -- 2.3. POPs issues and control strategy in South Korea -- 2.4. POPs emission in South Korea -- 2.5. Levels, distribution, and exposure to POPs -- 2.6. Fate and transport of POPs in South Korea -- 2.7. Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 3. Organochlorine Pesticides in China -- 3.1. Institutional, policy, and legal framework for organic pesticides in China -- 3.2. History of manufacturing, industrial applications, and emission sources -- 3.3. Research on POP pesticides -- References -- Chapter 4. Polychlorinated Dibenzo-p-Dioxins, Dibenzofurans, and Biphenyls, and Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers in China -- 4.1. Introduction -- 4.2. Sources of PCDD/Fs in China -- 4.3. Sources of PCBs in China -- 4.4. Sources of PBDEs in China -- 4.5. Levels of PCDD/Fs, PCBs, and PBDEs in China -- 4.6. Challenges of PCDD/Fs, PCBs, and PBDEs management in China -- 4.7. Conclusions -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 5. Pollution of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in China -- 5.1. Introduction. , 5.2. PAHs in the atmosphere -- 5.3. PAHs in water and sediments -- 5.4. PAHs in soil and plants -- 5.5. Emission estimation of PAHs in China -- References -- Chapter 6. Sources and Occurrence of Persistent Organic Pollutants in the Pearl River Delta, South China -- 6.1. Introduction: The Pearl River Delta -- 6.2. Concerned sources of POPs in the PRD -- 6.3. Occurrence of POPs in the environment of the PRD -- 6.4. Human exposure to POPs -- 6.5. Regional cycling and time trends of POPs -- 6.6. Conclusion remarks -- References -- Chapter 7. Persistent Organic Pollutants in Hong Kong -- 7.1. Introduction -- 7.2. The HKSAR basic profile -- 7.3. Source inventories of POPs -- 7.4. Environmental levels of POPs -- 7.5. Dietary exposure to POPs -- 7.6. Human body burden of POPs -- 7.7. Ecological risk assessment -- 7.8. Human health risk assessment -- 7.9. Assessment of current POPs situation in Hong Kong -- 7.10. POPs management and implementation strategy in Hong Kong under the Stockholm Convention -- 7.11. Conclusions -- Acknowledgements -- References -- Chapter 8. Persistent Organic Pollutants in Waterbirds with Special Reference to Hong Kong and Mainland China -- 8.1. Background -- 8.2. Biological effects -- 8.3. Limitations -- 8.4. Study on persistent organic pollutants in local waterbirds in Hong Kong -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Part II: The Pacific Countries -- Chapter 9. Persistent Toxic Substances in India -- 9.1. Introduction -- 9.2. History of PTS usage in India -- 9.3. Why India is important from global PTS pollution perspective -- 9.4. Persistent toxic substances in the Indian environment -- 9.5. PTS in Indian flora and fauna -- 9.6. PTS in Indian human -- 9.7. PTS in Indian food items -- 9.8. Management of toxic chemicals in India -- 9.9. Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 10. Persistent Toxic Substances in Thailand. , 10.1. Introduction -- 10.2. Sources of persistent toxic substances -- 10.3. Status of contamination -- 10.4. Management of hazardous substances -- 10.5. Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 11. Persistent Organic Pollutants in Vietnam: Levels, Patterns, Trends, and Human Health Implications -- 11.1. Introduction -- 11.2. Production and usage of persistent organic pollutants in Vietnam -- 11.3. Widespread contamination -- 11.4. Dioxin contamination -- 11.5. Fate and behavior of dioxins in municipal wastes open dumping sites -- 11.6. Trends of contamination by persistent organic pollutants -- 11.7. Environmental and human health implications -- 11.8. Conclusions and recommendations for future research -- Acknowledgements -- References -- Part II: Southeast Asia-from India toVietnam -- Chapter 12. Persistent Toxic Substances in the Philippine Environment -- 12.1. Introduction -- 12.2. Characteristics of the Philippines agricultural sector -- 12.3. Pesticide industry and usage profiles -- 12.4. National inventory of POPs in the Philippines -- 12.5. Contamination levels -- 12.6. Management and regulation of POPs in the Philippines -- 12.7. Conclusion and recommendations for future research -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 13. Persistent Toxic Substances in the Environment of Indonesia -- 13.1. Introduction -- 13.2. Historical use, production, and management of POPs -- 13.3. Environmental contamination by organochlorine compounds (OCs) -- 13.4. Environmental contamination by OTs -- 13.5. Temporal variation of contaminations -- 13.6. Ecological and human health risk -- 13.7. Conclusions and recommendations -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 14. Persistent Organic Pollutants in Malaysia -- 14.1. Introduction -- 14.2. Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in Malaysia: An overview -- 14.3. Sources of POPs in Malaysia. , 14.4. Levels of POP contamination in Malaysia -- 14.5. Management of POPs in Malaysia -- 14.6. Data gaps -- 14.7. POPs research and initiatives in Malaysia -- Acknowledgement -- References -- Chapter 15. Persistent Organic Pollutants in Singapore's Marine Environment -- 15.1. Introduction -- 15.2. POPs in seawater -- 15.3. POPs in the sea-surface microlayer -- 15.4. POPs in marine sediments -- 15.5. POPs in marine biota -- 15.6. POPs in mangrove habitats -- References -- Chapter 16. Persistent Organic Pollutants and Adverse Health Effects in Humans in Singapore -- 16.1. Introduction -- 16.2. Pesticides -- 16.3. Dioxins, furans, and polychlorinated biphenyls -- 16.4. Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) -- 16.5. POPs in human disease -- 16.6. POPs as endocrine disrupters -- 16.7. POPs in typical seafood consumed in Singapore -- 16.8. Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 17. Persistent Organic Pollutants: Occurrence and Health Risks in Australia -- 17.1. Introduction -- 17.2. Sources of POPs in Australia -- 17.3. Physicochemical and environmental properties -- 17.4. Occurrence of POPs in human foods -- 17.5. Australian market basket survey (now known as Total Dietary Survey) -- 17.6. Occurrence of POPs in humans -- 17.7. Dietary exposure of the Australian population to POPs -- 17.8. Risks to human health in Australia -- 17.9. Conclusions -- References -- Part IV: Regional Perspective -- Chapter 18. Contamination by Persistent Toxic Substances in the Asia-Pacific Region -- 18.1. Introduction -- 18.2. Distribution and sources -- 18.3. Transport behavior and fate -- 18.4. Temporal trends and future prospects of contamination -- 18.5. Human exposure and human health implications -- 18.6. Conclusions and recommendations -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Index.

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