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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cisplatin, raltitrexed, levofolinic acid and 5-fluorouracil in locally advanced or metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck: A phase I–II trial of the Southern Italy Cooperative Oncology Group (SICOG) (2000)
    Springer
    Annals of oncology 11 (2000), S. 575-580 
    Details
    ISSN: 1569-8041
    Keywords: cisplatin ; 5-fluorouracil ; head and neck cancer ; levofolinic acid ; raltitrexed
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Background:The combination of cisplatin (CDDP) and 5-fluorouracil(5-FU) can be regarded as a reference regimen in squamous cell carcinoma ofthe head and neck (SCCHN). Raltitrexed (Tomudex) is a direct and specificthymidilate synthase (TS) inhibitor, which has shown clinical activity againstSCCHN in a previous phase I study, when combined with 5-FU and levo-folinicacid (LFA). Preclinical data support the combination of CDDP and raltitrexed.The aim of the present study was to evaluate the combination of cisplatin,raltitrexed, LFA and 5-FU in a phase I–II study. Patients and methods:Patients with locally advanced or metastaticSCCHN were treated with a combination of cisplatin at the starting dose of 40mg/m2, followed by raltitrexed at the starting dose of 2.5mg/m2 on day 1; levo-folinic acid at fixed dose of 250mg/m2, followed by 5-fluorouracil at the starting dose of 750mg/m2 on day 2. Doses of the three cytotoxic agents werealternately escalated up to dose-limiting toxicity (DLT). Treatment wasrecycled every two weeks and given up to a maximum of eight courses; afterchemotherapy, patients with locally advanced disease received a locoregionaltreatment. Results:Forty-five patients were entered into the study. Six doselevels were tested. At CDDP 50 mg/m2, raltitrexed 3mg/m2, 5-FU 900 mg/m2, four out of six patients showedDLT, which was in all cases grade 4 neutropenia. Therefore, this dose levelwas defined as maximum tolerated dose (MTD). CDDP 60 mg/m2,raltitrexed 2.5 mg/m2, LFA 250 mg/m2, 5-FU 900mg/m2 was the dose level recommended for phase II. CDDP,Raltitrexed and 5-FU mean actually delivered dose intensities at the selecteddose level were 26, 1.05, and 378 mg/m2/week, respectively.Neutropenia was the main side effect and was observed even at the lowest doselevels. Non-hematologic side effects were mild. Nine complete responses(20%) and twenty-one partial responses (47%) were observed, foran overall response rate of 67% (95% confidence interval(95% CI): 51%–80%), according to intention to treatanalysis. Fifteen of fifteen patients (100%) treated at the dose levelselected for phase II had an objective response (5 complete responses, 10partial responses). Conclusions:The results of our dose escalation clearlydemonstrate that it is possible to combine CDDP, raltitrexed, and modulated5-FU at effective doses, without unexpected toxicities. The response datapoint to an impressive clinical activity, which will be better defined by anongoing large phase II study.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008339428733
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 2
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    Mantle plumes are oxidised (2019)
    Elsevier
    In:  Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 527 (Article number 115798).
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-01-31
    Description: From oxic atmosphere to metallic core, the Earth's components are broadly stratified with respect to oxygen fugacity. A simple picture of reducing oxygen fugacity with depth may be disrupted by the accumulation of oxidised crustal material in the deep lower mantle, entrained there as a result of subduction. While hotspot volcanoes are fed by regions of the mantle likely to have incorporated such recycled material, the oxygen fugacity of erupted hotspot basalts had long been considered comparable to or slightly more oxidised than that of mid-ocean ridge basalt (MORB) and more reduced than subduction zone basalts. Here we report measurements of the redox state of glassy crystal-hosted melt inclusions from tephra and quenched lava samples from the Canary and Cape Verde Islands, that we can independently show were entrapped prior to extensive sulphur degassing. We find high ferric iron to total iron ratios (Fe3+/∑Fe) of up to 0.27–0.30, indicating that mantle plume primary melts are significantly more oxidised than those associated with mid-ocean ridges and even subduction zone. These results, together with previous investigations from the Erebus, Hawaiian and Icelandic hotspots, confirm that mantle upwelling provides a return flow from the deep Earth for components of oxidised subducted lithosphere and suggest that highly oxidised material accumulates or is generated in the lower mantle. The oxidation state of the Earth's interior must therefore be highly heterogeneous and potentially locally inversely stratified.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1016/j.epsl.2019.115798
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 3
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    A Raman calibration for the quantification of SO42- groups dissolved in silicate glasses: Application to natural melt inclusions (2017)
    Mineralogical Society of America
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-10-03
    Description: Sulfur is an important volatile element involved in magmatic systems. Its quantification in silicate glasses relies on state-of-the-art techniques such as electronprobe microanalyses (EPMA) or X-ray absorption spectroscopy but is often complicated by the fact that S dissolved in silicate glasses can adopt several oxidation states (S 6+ for sulfates or S 2 – for sulfides). In the present work, we use micro-Raman spectroscopy on a series of silicate glasses to quantify the S content. The database is constituted by 47 silicate glasses of various compositions (natural and synthetic) with S content ranging from 1179 to 13 180 ppm. Most of the investigated glasses have been synthesized at high pressure and high temperature and under fully oxidizing conditions. The obtained Raman spectra are consistent with these f O 2 conditions and only S 6+ is present and shows a characteristic peak located at ~1000 cm – 1 corresponding to the symmetric stretch of the sulfate molecular group ( 1 SO 4 2 – ). The intensity of the 1 SO 4 2 – peak is linearly correlated to the parts per million of S 6+ determined by EPMA. Using subsequent deconvolution of the Raman spectra, we established an equation using the ratio between the areas of the 1 SO 4 2 – peak and the silicate network species (Q n ) in the high-frequency region: \[ \hbox{ ppm\hspace{0.17em} }{\hbox{ S }}^{6+}=34371\frac{A{\hbox{ SO }}_{4}^{2-}}{A{\hbox{ Q }}^{\hbox{ n }}}\pm 609. \] We tested our calibration on several silicate glasses equilibrated under moderately reducing conditions (QFM+0.8 ≤ f O 2 ≤ QFM+1.4) in which S is dissolved as both SO 4 2 – and S 2 – . We also analyzed several olivine-hosted melt inclusions collected from Etna for which the f O 2 and S speciation are unknown. For these samples, the S content estimated by the Raman calibration is systematically lower than the total S measured by EPMA. We combined both methods to estimate the S 2 – content not accounted for by Raman and derive the S speciation and f O 2 conditions. The derived f O 2 is consistent with the imposed f O 2 for synthesized glasses and with current assumed f O 2 conditions for basaltic melt inclusions from Etna.
    Print ISSN: 0003-004X
    Electronic ISSN: 1945-3027
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Mineralogical Society of America
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    PAPER CURRENT
  • 4
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    Harbour Sea-floor Clearance: “HD” High Definition Magnetic Survey Performance (2009)
    MAST Events Ltd
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: Seafloor clearance methods based on acoustic, direct-inspection, and single-sensor magnetic approaches suffer from limitations in controlling the target-sensor distance, and may prove ineffective when the small size or the dangerous nature of targets requires high accuracy in localization. Moreover, random magnetic variations over time bring about spatial decorrelation phenomena, and hinder the application of double-sensor methods in noisy harbour environments. The new High Definition (HD) magnetic survey protocol tackles the measurement-distance problem in two ways: first, by varying the sensor depth dynamically, and secondly by backprojecting the measured field according to seafloor data and vertical incremental factors associated with the bandwidth characteristics of targets. The method to make up for timeinduced loss in spatial localization ability exploits the local behaviour of a coherence function, which correlates local observations to a set of spatially-stabilized reference stations. The consequent normalization of measured magnetic signals allows one to assign the monitored areas with a specific level of confidence in the detection results, ranging from 100% (certainty) to 0% (random events). The principles of HD detection have been fully applied in the seafloor clearance of the firing test site located south of Cape Teulada (Sardinia, Italy), where very weak signal sources such as cartridge cases, mines, and small objects down to 1 Kg mass values (lobster pots) have been successfully localized, even when covered by extensive colonies of Posidonia.
    Description: Published
    Description: Stockolm, Sweden
    Description: 1.6. Osservazioni di geomagnetismo
    Description: 2.5. Laboratorio per lo sviluppo di sistemi di rilevamento sottomarini
    Description: 3.4. Geomagnetismo
    Description: open
    Keywords: Seafloor clearance ; magnetic survey ; magnetic detection ; proton Overhauser magnetometer ; 04. Solid Earth::04.02. Exploration geophysics::04.02.04. Magnetic and electrical methods ; 04. Solid Earth::04.02. Exploration geophysics::04.02.07. Instruments and techniques ; 04. Solid Earth::04.05. Geomagnetism::04.05.04. Magnetic anomalies ; 04. Solid Earth::04.05. Geomagnetism::04.05.08. Instruments and techniques ; 05. General::05.01. Computational geophysics::05.01.01. Data processing
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: Conference paper
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  • 5
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    Building the synthetic “Mac System”: an analytical integration of magnetic and acoustic subsystems for port protection scenarios. (2009)
    CLARION defence & security
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: In order to obtain a preliminary overview on the effectiveness of the underwater anti-divers magnetic-acoustic “MAC System”, we have developed a synthesis between the results coming out from the two different subsystems (magnetic and acoustic), based on two different models, during two different test sections. The section covered by the magnetic component, measured near the NURC dock (La Spezia, Italy) in very noisy port condition, has been remodeled on the sea bottom profile of the access channel to the Italian Navy Base in La Spezia, which presents environmental electromagnetic noise compatible with the NURC’s one. In this entrance way has been executed an acoustic port protection experiment, too. The two different covered sections (magnetic and acoustic) have been merged to obtain an integrated synthetic model of the accuracy of the MAC System. The results have pointed out a remarkable increase of the antidivers covering effectiveness, in particular in the boundary zone of the access way to be protected: the confidence of the MAC System can be considered quite 1 and higher in respect to the sum of the confidence of the two subsystems.
    Description: Published
    Description: Cannes, France
    Description: 1.6. Osservazioni di geomagnetismo
    Description: 2.5. Laboratorio per lo sviluppo di sistemi di rilevamento sottomarini
    Description: 3.4. Geomagnetismo
    Description: open
    Keywords: port protection ; underwater magnetic array ; underwater acoustic array ; anti-intruders ; magnetic-acoustic system ; 04. Solid Earth::04.05. Geomagnetism::04.05.04. Magnetic anomalies ; 04. Solid Earth::04.05. Geomagnetism::04.05.08. Instruments and techniques ; 05. General::05.01. Computational geophysics::05.01.01. Data processing ; 05. General::05.01. Computational geophysics::05.01.05. Algorithms and implementation
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: Conference paper
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  • 6
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    Clearance Operation of Teulada Site (Italy): A Novel Approach for Short Term MCM Missions in Seafloor Hard Conditions (2008)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: In May 2007, following a request by Italian Navy (ITN), NURC agreed to provide the technology, developed during the port protection studies and 2006 MCM ops. in Baltic sea for Estonian Navy, to survey part of the Capo Teulada firing range (Sardinia Island, Italy), used by NATO Armed Forces. The goal of the service, fully funded by ITN, was to survey part of the firing range with acoustic, magnetic and optical instruments in order to detect and classify the ordnance laying on the seafloor. The team operated from CRV Leonardo to produce a detailed acoustic and magnetic map of the area. The positions of the targets of interest have been provided to Italian Navy for further identification and disposal. The activities have demonstrated that the NURC Autonomous Underwater Vehicles (AUVs) Remus type equipped with high frequency side scan sonar can detect and classify targets of the dimensions of unexploded ordnance laying proud on the sea floor. A multiple sonar images technique has also been used to improve the classification performances. However, in some areas, targets that were completely buried or concealed in Posidonia fields wouldn’t have been detectable with AUV sonar. To overcome this limitation, INGV supported the NURC team by using a new high definition magnetometer technique to detect and classify buried metal targets. A proton Overhauser sensor was towed from Leonardo vessel and a magnetometer reference station was set ashore in an appropriate site. A subset of interesting contacts (acoustic and magnetic) have been identified optically by means of the video camera installed on the ROV (Pluto Plus type by Gaymarine) operated from Leonardo. The positioning accuracy achieved was fully compatible with the reacquisition by ROV and then by divers or mine hunters for future disposal ops. The survey has also produced an accurate map of the Posidonia fields and a detailed bathymetry of the area. More than 300 contacts have been acquired and more than 200 were classified in less than 15 days. The success of Teulada operation has convinced ITN to ask NURC for a common development programme with the aim to validate at sea a fully integrated multi-sensor approach (sonar, magnetic and optical) in MCM short term ops. using USV/AUV platforms.
    Description: Published
    Description: Scottish Exhibition and Conference Centre (SECC), Glasgow, 10-12 June 2008
    Description: 1.6. Osservazioni di geomagnetismo
    Description: 2.5. Laboratorio per lo sviluppo di sistemi di rilevamento sottomarini
    Description: 3.4. Geomagnetismo
    Description: open
    Keywords: acoustic survey ; AUV ; side scan sonar ; magnetic survey ; proton Overhauser magnetometer ; optical survey ; ROV ; 04. Solid Earth::04.02. Exploration geophysics::04.02.04. Magnetic and electrical methods ; 04. Solid Earth::04.02. Exploration geophysics::04.02.07. Instruments and techniques ; 04. Solid Earth::04.05. Geomagnetism::04.05.04. Magnetic anomalies ; 04. Solid Earth::04.05. Geomagnetism::04.05.08. Instruments and techniques ; 05. General::05.01. Computational geophysics::05.01.01. Data processing
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: Conference paper
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