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  • 1
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    Estudios en un fiordo chileno con un fuerte gradiente de pH – regulación del pH interno por el coral de aguas frias Desmophyllum dianthus (2017)
    In:  EPIC31ST LATIN AMERICAN SYMPOSIUM IN OCEAN ACIDIFICATION, Buenos Aires, Argentina, 2017-10-23-2017-10-26
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-10-20
    Description: El fiordo Comau en la Patagonia chilena norte se caracteriza por presentar un marcado gradiente de pH, de 7.4 a 8.1. Bajo estas condiciones, las cuales corresponden al pH pronosticado para los océanos en el año 2100, están prosperando bancos de mitílidos, bancos de braquiópodos, acumulaciones de picorocos, praderas de gorgonias y bancos de corales de aguas frías. Estos “bosques” de animales marinos forman la base estructural y funcional de un ecosistema bentónico marino muy diverso. La comunidad que domina principalmente en paredes rocosas desde los 80 m son los bancos de corales, con la especie matriz Desmophyllum dianthus. Interesantemente, D. dianthus crece en aguas de alto (sobresaturadas de aragonita) y bajo pH (insaturadas de aragonita), así como en aguas someras y profundas (desde aprox. 15 m hasta más de 400 m). Esto indica que el coral es capaz de regular y controlar su calcificación. Se incubó D. dianthus simulando futuros escenarios de acidificación oceánica y en dichas incubaciones se midió la composición isotópica del boro en su esqueleto (11B). D. dianthus presentó incrementos del pH interno de calcificación (pHcf) como respuesta reguladora frente a pH externos (pHsw) más bajos. Todavía falta una explicación fisiológica del pHcf en corales bajo diferentes pHsw. Utilizando microsensores para pH, calcio y oxígeno medimos el pHcf en D. dianthus en relación a la dinámica del calcio y la respiración a lo largo del pólipo del coral bajo diferentes pHsw. Encontramos que el pHcf y el pHsw están relacionados, pero no de forma directa debido a la gran heterogeneidad del pHcf. Esto sugiere una regulación del pHcf altamente compleja e inconsistente con los modelos anteriores, indicando que D. dianthus incrementa probablemente el pool interno de carbono y no el pH para facilitar la calcificación.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Conference , notRev
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 2
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    Seasonal and diel variations in the vertical distribution, composition, abundance and biomass of zooplankton in a deep Chilean Patagonian Fjord (2022)
    In:  EPIC3PeerJ, 10, pp. e12823, ISSN: 2167-8359
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-02-07
    Description: Comau Fjord is a stratified Chilean Patagonian Fjord characterized by a shallow brackish surface layer and a 〉400 m layer of aragonite-depleted subsurface waters. Despite the energetic burden of low aragonite saturation levels to calcification, Comau Fjord harbours dense populations of cold-water corals (CWC). While this paradox has been attributed to a rich supply of zooplankton, supporting abundance and biomass data are so far lacking. In this study, we investigated the seasonal and diel changes of the zooplankton community over the entire water column. We used a Nansen net (100 mm mesh) to take stratified vertical hauls between the surface and the bottom (0-50-100-200-300-400-450 m). Samples were scanned with a ZooScan, and abundance, biovolume and biomass were determined for 41 taxa identified on the web-based platform EcoTaxa 2.0. Zooplankton biomass was the highest in summer (209 g dry massm  2) and the lowest in winter (61 g dry massm  2). Abundance, however, peaked in spring, suggesting a close correspondence between reproduction and phytoplankton spring blooms (Chl a max. 50.86 mgm  3, 3mdepth). Overall, copepods were the most important group of the total zooplankton community, both in abundance (64 81%) and biovolume (20 70%) followed by mysids and chaetognaths (in terms of biovolume and biomass), and nauplii and Appendicularia (in terms of abundance). Throughout the year, diel changes in the vertical distribution of biomass were found with a daytime maximum in the 100 200 m depth layer and a nighttime maximum in surface waters (0 50 m), associated with the diel vertical migration of the calanoid copepod family Metridinidae. Diel differences in integrated zooplankton abundance, biovolume and biomass were probably due to a high zooplankton patchiness driven by biological processes (e.g., diel vertical migration or predation avoidance), and oceanographic processes (estuarine circulation, tidal mixing or water column stratification). Those factors are considered to be the main drivers of the zooplankton vertical distribution in Comau Fjord.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
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  • 3
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    Seasonal growth and metabolism of the cold-water coral Desmophyllum dianthus in a plankton-rich naturally-acidified fjord (2021)
    In:  EPIC3International Coral Reef Symposium, virtual, 2021-07-18-2021-07-23
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-01-05
    Description: Cold-water corals (CWC) face an uncertain future under climate change. They seem to grow successfully under low pH conditions but physiological mechanisms and the role of energy efficiency in sustaining metabolic rates are largely unknown. The solitary, pseudo-colonial CWC Desmophyllum dianthus thrives in Comau Fjord (Northern Patagonia, Chile) despite low levels of aragonite saturation (Ωarag). To examine the seasonal growth and metabolism in relation with food availability and the physico-chemical environment of the fjord, we carried out an in situ reciprocal transplantation-experiment between (1) fjord mouth (20 m: Ωarag 〉 1, high seasonality) and fjord head (20 m: Ωarag 〉 1 in winter, Ωarag 〈 1 in summer, high seasonality) and (2) two depths at the middle of the fjord (20 m: Ωarag 〉 1, high seasonality; 300 m: Ωarag 〈 1, low seasonality). D. dianthus showed highest calcification and respiration rates in 300 m depth with maximum growth rates in winter. This applied to in situ control corals and those transplanted from 20 m to 300 m. The lower plankton availability at depth and in winter suggests seasonal differences in energy gain and allocation among growth, basal metabolism and other processes (e.g. reproduction). Despite Ωarag 〈 1 the lack of seasonal variation in the physico-chemical environment in deep waters may be beneficial for growth in contrast to seasonal fluctuations in shallow waters which may require a recurrent energy expenditure of acclimation. In 20 m depth, calcification and respiration rates at the fjord mouth were similar between seasons and always higher than at the fjord head. No significant differences were detected between control and transplanted corals from the fjord head to the mouth. A high aragonite saturation (Ωarag 〉 1) and plankton supply during summer combined with a well-functioning redistribution of energy reserves within D. dianthus in winter can explain this picture. At the fjord head growth changed seasonally in control and transplanted corals with higher rates during summer indicating good growth conditions despite Ωarag 〈 1 due to sufficient food availability but a less effective energy allocation during low food supply in winter. The present results emphasize the effect of seasonal environmental changes on CWC to conceive both the extent of natural variability where these corals live in and their acclimation potential to deal with it.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Conference , notRev
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  • 4
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    Lipid biomarkers reveal trophic relationships and energetic trade‐offs in contrasting phenotypes of the cold‐water coral Desmophyllum dianthus in Comau Fjord, Chile (2023)
    Wiley
    In:  EPIC3Functional Ecology, Wiley, ISSN: 0269-8463
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-12-20
    Description: Benthic suspension feeders like corals and sponges are important bioengineers in many marine habitats, from the shallow tropics to the depth of polar oceans. While they are generally considered opportunistic, little is known about their actual in situ diet. To tackle this limitation, fatty acid trophic markers (FATMs) have been employed to gain insights into the composition of their diet. Yet, these in situ studies have not been combined with physiological investigations to understand how physiological limitations may modulate the biochemistry of these organisms. Here, we used the cold-water coral (CWC) Desmophyllum dianthus in its natural habitat in Comau Fjord (Northern Patagonia, Chile) as our model species to assess the trophic ecology in response to contrasting physico-chemical conditions (variable vs. stable) and ecological drivers (food availability) at three shallow sites and one deep site. We took advantage of the expression of two distinct phenotypes with contrasting performance (growth, biomass, respiration) coinciding with the differences in sampling depth. We analysed the corals' fatty acid composition to evaluate the utility of FATM profiles to gain dietary insights and assess how performance trade-offs potentially modulate an organism's FATM composition. We found that 20:1(n-9) zooplankton markers dominated the deep high-performance phenotype, while 20:5(n-3) and 22:6(n-3) diatom and flagellate markers, respectively, are more prominent in shallow low-performance phenotype. Surprisingly, both energy stores and performance were higher in the deep phenotype, in spite of measured lower zooplankton availability. Essential FA concentrations were conserved across sites, likely reflecting required levels for coral functioning and survival. While the deep high-performance phenotype met with these requirements, the low-performance phenotype appeared to need more energy to maintain functionality in its highly variable environment, potentially causing intrinsic re-allocations of energy and enrichment in certain essential markers (20:5(n-3), 22:6(n-3)). Our analysis highlights the biological and ecological insights that can be gained from FATM profiles in CWCs, but also cautions the reliability of FATM as diet tracers under limiting environmental conditions that may also be applicable to other marine organisms. Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
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  • 5
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    Functional response of the cold-water coral Desmophyllum dianthus feeding in vitro on krill and copepods (2023)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-06-08
    Description: This dataset was generated in the frame of the co-operation between the Universidad Austral de Chile (https://www.uach.cl), the Huinay Scientific Field Station (http://www.huinay.cl) and the Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Center for Polar and Marine Research (http://www.awi.de) in the frame of the project PACOC "Plankton- And cold-water COral ecology in Comau Fjord, Chile. The study was also embedded in activities of the Research Center Dynamics of High Latitude Marine Ecosystems (IDEAL) (http://www.centroideal.cl/eng/).
    Keywords: Comau Fjord, Patagonia, Chile; Daily ration of carbon biomass; DATE/TIME; Huinay_Jetty_Waterpipe; Ingestion rate of carbon; Monitoring station; MONS; Number of prey; Prey; Prey, biomass as carbon; Species
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 336 data points
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 6
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    Physical oceanographic profiles of seven CTD casts from Gulf of Ancud into Comau Fjord in 2016 (2023)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-11-09
    Description: In September 2016, CTD measurements were carried out along the Comau Fjord, Chile, from the head of the fjord to the mouth of the fjord. CTD measurements were taken at a total of 6 stations from the surface to the bottom of the fjord and temperature, salinity, fluorescence, density, oxygen and pH per meter of water depth were recorded.
    Keywords: Chilean Patagonia; Comau Fjord; CTD, handheld; CTD, SEA-BIRD SBE 19; DATE/TIME; Density, sigma-theta (0); DEPTH, water; Distance; environmental fluctuation; Event label; Fluorescence; Golfo_de_Ancud; hCTD; Identification; LATITUDE; LONGITUDE; off_Leptepu; off_Lilihuapi; off_Lilliguapi; off_Punta_Gruesa; off_SWALL; off_Telele; off_X-Huinay; Oxygen; Oxygen saturation; PACOC; pH; Plankton- And cold-water COral ecology in Comau Fjord, Chile; Salinity; Season; Station label; Temperature, water
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 37940 data points
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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  • 7
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    Desmophyllum dianthus relative and absolute fatty acid and fatty alcohol composition in Comau Fjord, Chile (2023)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-24
    Description: In September 2016 specimens of the cold-water coral Desmophyllum dianthus were sampled along natural oceanographic horizontal and vertical gradients (vertically: 20 m and 280 m depth and horizontally: fjord head, center, and mouth) in Comau Fjord to study its fatty acids composition. The aim was to understand better a) how the fatty acid composition changes in response to the experienced in situ environmental conditions, b) if they can provide insights into the potential food sources, and c) how the coral phenotype affects their composition. The background environment conditions and the coral's physiological performance were derived from previous assessments (Beck et al. 2022, doi:10.1594/PANGAEA.945072), and additional CTD casts were performed in September 2016 (doi:10.1594/PANGAEA.962593).
    Keywords: 11-Icosenoic acid of total fatty acids; 12-methyl-Tetradecanoic acid; 12-methyl-Tetradecanoic acid of total fatty acids (IUPAC: 12-methyltetradecanoic acid); 13-methyl-Tetradecanoic acid; 15-methyl-Hexadecanoic acid; 6,9,12,15-Hexadecatetraenoic acid; 6,9,12,15-Hexadecatetraenoic acid of total fatty acids; 6,9,12,15-Octadecatetraenoic acid of total fatty acids; 6,9,12-Hexadecatrienoic acid; 6,9,12-Hexadecatrienoic acid of total fatty acids; 9,12,15-Octadecatrienoic acid of total fatty acids; 9,12-Hexadecadienoic acid; 9,12-Hexadecadienoic acid of total fatty acids; 9-Tetradecenoic acid; 9-Tetradecenoic acid of total fatty acids; A, As; all-cis-11,14,17-Eicosatrienoic acid; all-cis-11,14,17-Eicosatrienoic acid of total fatty acids; all-cis-11,14-Eicosadienoic acid; all-cis-11,14-Eicosadienoic acid of total fatty acids; all-cis-13,16-Docosadienoic acid; all-cis-13,16-Docosadienoic acid of total fatty acids; all-cis-4,7,10,13,16,19-Docosahexaenoic acid; all-cis-4,7,10,13,16,19-Docosahexaenoic acid of total fatty acids; all-cis-5,8,11,14,17-Eicosapentaenoic acid; all-cis-5,8,11,14,17-Eicosapentaenoic acid of total fatty acids; all-cis-5,8,11,14-Eicosatetraenoic acid; all-cis-5,8,11,14-Eicosatetraenoic acid of total fatty acids; all-cis-6,9,12,15-Octadecatetraenoic acid; all-cis-6,9,12-Octadecatrienoic acid; all-cis-6,9,12-Octadecatrienoic acid of total fatty acids; all-cis-7,10,13,16,19-Docosapentaenoic acid; all-cis-7,10,13,16,19-Docosapentaenoic acid of total fatty acids; all-cis-7,10,13,16-Docosatetraenoic acid; all-cis-7,10,13,16-Docosatetraenoic acid of total fatty acids; all-cis-8,11,14,17-Eicosatetraenoic acid; all-cis-8,11,14,17-Eicosatetraenoic acid of total fatty acids; all-cis-8,11,14-Eicosatrienoic acid; all-cis-8,11,14-Eicosatrienoic acid of total fatty acids; all-cis-9,12,15-Octadecatrienoic acid; all-cis-9,12-Octadecadienoic acid; all-cis-9,12-Octadecadienoic acid of total fatty acids; Calculated; Chilean Patagonia; cis-10-Pentadecenoic acid; cis-10-Pentadecenoic acid of total fatty acids; cis-11-Docosenoic acid; cis-11-Docosenoic acid of total fatty acids; cis-11-Hexadecenoic acid; cis-11-Hexadecenoic acid of total fatty acids (IUPAC: (11Z)-hexadec-11-enoic acid); cis-11-Icosenoic acid; cis-11-Octadecenoic acid of total fatty acids (IUPAC: Octadec-11-enoic acid); cis-13-Docosenoic acid; cis-13-Docosenoic acid of total fatty acids; cis-13-Icosenoic acid; cis-13-Icosenoic acid of total fatty acids; cis-13-Octadecenoic acid; cis-13-Octadecenoic acid of total fatty acids; cis-15-Docosenoic acid; cis-15-Docosenoic acid of total fatty acids; cis-15-Icosenoic acid; cis-15-Icosenoic acid of total fatty acids; cis-15-Tetracosenoic acid; cis-15-Tetracosenoic acid of total fatty acids; cis-17-Docosenoic acid; cis-17-Docosenoic acid of total fatty acids; cis-9-Hexadecenoic acid; cis-9-Hexadecenoic acid of total fatty acids (IUPAC: (9Z)-hexadec-9-enoic acid); cis-9-Icosanoic acid; cis-9-Icosanoic acid of total fatty acids; cis-9-Octadecenoic acid; cis-9-Octadecenoic acid of total fatty acids (IUPAC: Octadec-9-enoic acid); Comau Fjord; Comau Fjord, Patagonia, Chile; DATE/TIME; Depth, description; DEPTH, water; Docosanoic acid; Docosanoic acid of total fatty acids; Docosatetraenoic acid 22:4(n-3); Docosatetraenoic acid 22:4(n-3) of total fatty acids; Docosenol; Docosenol of total fatty alcohols; Ed; environmental fluctuation; Es; Event label; F, Fs, Lillihuapy, Lilliguapi; Fatty acids; Fatty acids per ash free dry mass; Fatty alcohols; Fatty alcohols per ash free dry mass; Gas chromatography; Heptadecanoic acid; Heptadecanoic acid of total fatty acids; Hexadecanoic acid; Hexadecanoic acid of total fatty acids; Hexadecanol; Hexadecanol of total fatty alcohols; Hexadecenol; Hexadecenol of total fatty alcohols; Icosanoic acid; Icosanoic acid of total fatty acids; Icosenol; Icosenol of total fatty alcohols; Identification; iso-Heptadecanoic acid of total fatty acids (IUPAC: 15-methylhexadecanoic acid); iso-Pentadecanoic acid of total fatty acids (IUPAC: 13-methyltetradecanoic acid); LATITUDE; Liliguapi; Lipids, per ash free dry mass; LONGITUDE; Monitoring station; Monounsaturated fatty acids; Monounsaturated fatty acids of total fatty acids; Monounsaturated fatty alcohols; Monounsaturated fatty alcohols of total fatty alcohols; MONS; Octadecanoic acid; Octadecanoic acid of total fatty acids; Octadecanol; Octadecanol of total fatty alcohols; Other event; PACOC; Pentadecanoic acid; Pentadecanoic acid of total fatty acids; Pirate_Cove; Plankton- And cold-water COral ecology in Comau Fjord, Chile; Polyunsaturated fatty acids; Polyunsaturated fatty acids of total fatty acids; Saturated fatty acids; Saturated fatty acids of total fatty acid groups; Saturated fatty alcohols; Saturated fatty alcohols of total fatty alcohols; Site; Species, unique identification; Species, unique identification (Semantic URI); Species, unique identification (URI); Tetracosenoic acid 24:1(n-11); Tetracosenoic acid 24:1(n-11) of total fatty acids; Tetradecanoic acid; Tetradecanoic acid of total fatty acids; Tetradecanol; Tetradecanol of total alcohols; Wax esters per ash free dry mass; X-Telele; X-Telele_deep
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 3072 data points
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    DATA PANGAEA
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