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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    CdS/p-Si solar cells made by serigraphy (1988)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 52 (1988), S. 1261-1263 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: CdS/p-Si solar cells have been fabricated depositing the CdS layer by serigraphy. Open circuit voltages of 538 mV, short circuit current densities of 32 mA cm−2, fill factors of 0.52, and conversion efficiencies of 8.1% have been measured under 100 mW cm−2 (AM1) simulated solar illumination.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.99175
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Connectivity and HIV-1 Infection: Role of CD4+ T-Cell Counts and HIV-1 RNA Copy Number (2000)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 52 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Following primary infection with human immundeficiency virus (HIV)-1, antibodies against specific HIV-1 epitopes are elicited. However, non-HIV-1 specific antibodies, including autoantibodies, also arise. In fact, it has been proposed that such autoantibodies have an important role in the pathogenesis of HIV-1 infection. Because an imbalance in connectivity has been associated with autoimmune processes, we investigated the connectivity status of HIV-1-infected individuals. Moreover, we tested the possible role of viral load and CD4+ T-cell counts, in connectivity, because these parameters appear to be important in the prognosis of HIV-1 infection. Results show that indeed, there is an alteration in connectivity in these patients, both for immunoglobulin (Ig)G and IgM, which is an immune alteration not previously identified in HIV-1 infection. In addition, our results show that viral load and CD4+ T-cell counts are both equally important in defining the characteristic pattern of connectivity in HIV-1-infected individuals, and that neither is independently responsible for alterations in patient connectivity status.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3083.2000.00812.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    High-Polarity Mycobacterium avium-Derived Lipids Interact with Murine Macrophage Lipid Rafts (2004)
    Oxford, UK; Malden, USA : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 60 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Cholesterol- and sphingolipid-rich membrane microdomains (lipid rafts) are widely recognized as portals for pathogenic micro-organisms. A growing body of evidence demonstrates mobilization of host plasma cell membrane lipid rafts towards the site of contact with several pathogens as well as a strict dependence on cholesterol for appropriate internalization. The fate of lipid rafts once the pathogen has been internalized and the nature of the pathogen components that interact with them is however less understood. To address both these issues, infection of the J774 murine cell line with Mycobacterium avium was used as a model. After demonstrating that M. avium induces lipid raft mobilization and that M. avium infects J774 by a cholesterol-dependent mechanism, it is shown here that mycobacterial phagosomes harbour lipid rafts, which are, at least in part, of plasma cell membrane origin. On the other hand, by using latex microbeads coated with any of the three fractions of M. avium-derived lipids of different polarity, we provide evidence that high-polarity, in contrast to low-polarity and intermediate-polarity, mycobacterial lipids or uncoated latex beads have a strong capacity to induce lipid raft mobilization. These results suggest that high-polarity mycobacterial lipid(s) interact with host cell cholesterol-enriched microdomains which may in turn influence the course of infection.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0300-9475.2004.01511.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Gene Expression in Human Macrophages Infected with Dengue Virus Serotype-2 (2004)
    Oxford, UK; Malden, USA : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 60 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Infection by any of the four serotypes of dengue viruses (DEN-1, -2, -3 and -4) may result in either a relatively benign fever, called dengue fever (DF), a fatal disease, such as dengue haemorrhagic fever (DHF) or dengue shock syndrome (DSS). Several lines of evidence suggest that soluble immune response mediators may be involved in the severity of dengue infections. For instance, elevated seric levels of IL-8 are a common feature in DHF patients. Because other chemokines, cytokines, adhesion molecules, chemokine and cytokine receptors, as well as cytokine-related molecules may also be involved in dengue virus pathogenesis, we aimed at analysing the gene expression of such molecules in the course of an in vitro DEN-2 infection of human peripheral blood monocyte-derived macrophages, a cell type regarded as a primary target for DEN. Nylon membrane gene arrays containing 375 different human cytokine-related genes were used as a first step to search for differentially expressed genes upon infection. Transcripts for IL-8, IL-1β, osteopontin, GRO-α, -β and -γ, I-309, and some other molecules showed to be upregulated upon infection, whereas others such as MIC-1, CD27L and CD30L, were downregulated. Four genes were selected for reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction based gene-expression analysis as a way to partially confirm microarray results. This approach pointed out 25 macrophage-expressed cytokine-related genes that could be relevant in DEN-2 pathogenesis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0300-9475.2004.01519.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mycobacterium tuberculosis Virulence Correlates with Mitochondrial Cytochrome c Release in Infected Macrophages (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 58 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Mitochondria are at the centre of molecular events involved in energy production, cell survival and apoptosis. Mitochondrial membrane potential (Δψm) is maintained by cellular catabolic reactions and the electron transport chain of which cytochrome c is a constituent, whereas the proton leak pathway, ATP synthesis and turnover consume it. Mitochondrial alterations such as a drop in Δψm, swelling and cytochrome c release have been observed in apoptosis. However, there is a paucity of information concerning mitochondrial function in the course of intracellular infections, a process that must certainly induce stress on the host cell. This work analyses the effect that two strains of mycobacteria of opposing virulence have on the mitochondria of murine macrophages in the early stages of infection. It was found that infection of J774 cells with both Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Ra and M. tuberculosis H37Rv readily induced changes in Δψm as well as in mitochondrial morphology at the ultrastructural level. In addition, an increase in cytosolic ATP was found at 24 h post infection with both strains of M. tuberculosis. Interestingly, only M. tuberculosis H37Rv was able to induce cytochrome c release from mitochondria to the cytosol, thus suggesting the occurrence in M. tuberculosis H37Rv of a specific factor(s) capable of regulating cytochrome c translocation. The precise role of cytochrome c release in the context of a mycobacterial infection remains to be elucidated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3083.2003.01318.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Multiple Mycobacterium microti Derived Lipids Stimulate iNOS Gene Expression in the J774 Murine Macrophage Cell Line (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 56 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The inducible nitrogen oxygen synthase (iNOS) and nitric oxide (NO) system acting in concert with superoxide radicals is recognized as a powerful macrophage microbicidal mechanism. However, experimentation with iNOS knockout mice has rendered contradictory results on the protective role of iNOS/NO in the course of mycobacterial infections. On the other hand, NO also plays an immunoregulatory role. Knowing the nature of the mycobacterial constituents that induce iNOS gene expression would help to better understand the host–parasite relationship.Lipoarabinomannan (LAM) and a 19 KDa lipoprotein are the two known mycobacterial constituents that have shown to induce iNOS. By screening a set of methanol extracted lipids from Mycobacterium microti, here we provide evidence that multiple mycobacterial molecules of lipidic nature both of intermediate and of high polarity, with free amino groups or carbohydrates but no phosphate groups as part of their structure are capable of inducing iNOS gene expression in J774 cells, thus implying a complex relationship between mycobacteria and their host immune system in regard to iNOS gene expression.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3083.2002.01103.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Connectivity Patterns in Tuberculosis and Leprosy Patients are Indistinguishable from that of Healthy Donors (2001)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 53 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Connectivity, the self-defined interactions between antigen-recognising molecules in a network system can in part be assessed by measuring the reactivity of a given serum against an ordered set of immunoglobulin (Ig)G F(ab′)2 fractions, separated by means of isoelectric focusing so that, the serum reactivity against the whole set of fractions defines a characteristic pattern of connectivity. Deviations from the normal condition (healthy donors) have so far been documented for two autoimmune diseases: systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and pemphigus vulgaris, as well as for human immundeficiency virus (HIV)-1 infection. We tested here if bacterial infections lead to alterations in connectivity. In addition, we wanted to test if two antigenically related bacteria would produce similar or otherwise distinctive connectivity patterns. Connectivity analysis was applied on the sera from tuberculosis and leprosy patients and the sera from healthy donors were used as control.No statistically significant differences between the three groups studied were found. These results have implications for theories that set the origin of autoimmune diseases in microbial infections. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first attempt to analyze the connectivity status in bacterial infections.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3083.2001.00918.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Survival, germinability and fungal colonization of dimorphic achenes of the annual weed Galinsoga parviflora buried in the soil (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Weed research 43 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3180
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Galinsoga parviflora (Asteraceae) is a widespread annual weed that produces capitula containing both disc achenes with pappus and ray achenes without pappus. The latter are dispersed within a winged structure formed by capitulum bracts. We buried both achene types in an agricultural soil to be exhumed regularly to investigate whether they differed in survival, germinability and fungal colonization in the soil seedbank. Ray achenes remained viable longer than disc achenes, with different loss rates for the achene types. In both cases, loss rate was very high for the first 10 months, and then loss rates for the achene types tended to level off and even converge by the end of the observation period. The percentage of remaining viable disc achenes was always c. 10–15% lower than that of the ray achenes, except on the first and last sampling dates. Germination percentages for viable ray and disc achenes before burial and after exhumation were not statistically different during most of the observation period, except for that between 100 and 200 days of burial (mid-autumn–winter). There, germination of disc achenes reached 26.4% after 126 days of burial, whereas germination of ray achenes was close to zero. In addition, after 779 days, the germinability of ray achenes was 21.3%, whereas it was 0% for disc achenes. Surface-disinfected viable disc and ray achenes had low infection rates (0–15%) for both fungi and bacteria during the observation period. The fungal and bacterial infection peaks for both achene types were asynchronous. In general, the expected difference (lower infection rate for ray achenes) was not observed for fungal or bacterial infection.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3180.2003.00343.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    185. Die Bedeutung der frühzeitigen Diagnose und Behandlung der duodenalen Obstruktion bei Neugeborenen (1973)
    Springer
    Langenbeck's archives of surgery 334 (1973), S. 955-956 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-2451
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Wir berichten über 41 Fälle von Zwölffingerdarmverschluß bei Neugeborenen von verschiedenen Ursachen, welche von 1965 bis 1972 in unserer Abteilung behandelt wurden. In den meisten Fällen lag der Verschluß im zweiten Abschnitt des Zwölffingerdarmes. Wir fanden 21 Fälle mit Pankreas anularis, 9 mit Duodenal-Atresle, 10 mit Zwölffingerdarmschicht und 1 mit vollständiger äußerer Kompression. — Es fand sich eine reichliche kombinierte Pathologie: Ladd-Band, Ivemark-Syndrom, Oesophagus-Atresie Typ A von Gross, Anal-Atresie und andere Mißbildungen. In allen Fällen war ein chirurgischer Eingriff notwendig. Mortalität: bei einem Körpergewicht von über 2 500 g in ca. 26,6%, bei einem Körpergewicht von unter 2500 g in ca. 54%.
    Notes: Summary We report 41 cases of duodenal obstruction in neonates with different genesis, all of which were studied in our Department of Surgery between 1965 and 1972. In most cases, the obstruction was located in the second portion of the duodenum. We had 21 cases with anular pancreas, 9 with duodenal atresia, 10 with intrinsic membranes and 1 with extrinsic compression. A combined pathology was found: Ladd-band, Ivemark syndrome, esophageal atresia type A of Gross, anal atresia, and other irregularities. All cases required surgical treatment. The death rate was approximately 26.6% in the cases with a body weight of more than 2 500 g 26.6%, and approximately 54% in the cases with a body weight of less than 2500 a.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01286720
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  • 10
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    Unknown
    Matrimonio y uniones de hecho en la reciente jurisprudencia constitucional (1995)
    Pamplona : Periodicals Archive Online (PAO)
    Ius canonicum. 35:69 (1995) 287-300 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-325X
    Topics: Law , Theology and Religious Studies
    Notes: COMENTARIOS
    URL: http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&res_dat=xri:pao:&rft_dat=xri:pao:article:p022-1995-035-69-000013
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