Publication Date:
2024-03-15
Description:
In the ocean the main climate drivers affecting marine organisms are warming, hypercapnia, and hypoxia. We investigated the acute effects of warming (W), warming plus hypercapnia (WHc, ~1800 μatm CO2), warming plus hypoxia (WHo, ~12.1 kPa O2), and a combined exposure of all three drivers (Deadly Trio, DT) on king scallops (Pecten maximus). All exposures started at 14 °C and temperature was increased by 2 °C once every 48 h until the lethal temperature was reached (28 °C). Gill samples were taken at 14 °C, 18 °C, 22 °C, and 26 °C and analyzed for their metabolic response by 1H-nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Scallops were most tolerant to WHc and most susceptible to oxygen reduction (WHo and DT). In particular under DT, scallops' mitochondrial energy metabolism was affected. Changes became apparent at 22 °C and 26 °C involving significant accumulation of glycogenic amino acids (e.g. glycine and valine) and anaerobic end-products (e.g. acetic acid and succinate). In line with these observations the LT50 was lower under the exposure to DT (22.5 °C) than to W alone (~ 25 °C) indicating a narrowing of the thermal niche due to an imbalance between oxygen demand and supply.
Keywords:
1H NMR spectroscopy; Acetate; Acetoacetate; Alanine; Alkalinity, total; Animalia; Aragonite saturation state; Arginine; Aspartate; Benthic animals; Benthos; beta-Alanine; Betaine; Bicarbonate ion; Brackish waters; Calcite saturation state; Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010); Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Carbonate ion; Carbonate system computation flag; Carbon dioxide; Carnitine; Choline; Containers and aquaria (20-1000 L or 〈 1 m**2); Creatine; Dimethylamine; Dimethyl sulfone; estuary_Vigo; EXP; Experiment; Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Glutamate; Glutamine; Glycine; Homarine; Homocysteine; Hypotaurine; Identification; Individuals; Isoleucine; Laboratory experiment; Lactate; Leucine; Lysine; Malonate; Mollusca; Mortality/Survival; N,N-Dimethylglycine; North Atlantic; O-Acetylcarnitine; OA-ICC; Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre; Octopine; O-Phosphocholine; Other studied parameter or process; Oxygen; Oxygen, partial pressure; Oxygen, partial pressure, standard deviation; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide, standard deviation; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Pecten maximus; pH; pH, standard deviation; Salinity; Salinity, standard deviation; Sample type; Sarcosine; Single species; sn-Glycero-3-phosphocholine; Species, unique identification; Species, unique identification (Semantic URI); Species, unique identification (URI); Succinate; Survival; Taurine; Temperate; Temperature; Temperature, technical; Temperature, water; Temperature, water, standard deviation; Threonine; Treatment; Trigonelline; Trimethylamine; Trimethylamine N-oxide; Triphosphates; Type of study; Uridine diphosphate glucose; Valine
Type:
Dataset
Format:
text/tab-separated-values, 10830 data points
Permalink