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  • 1
    ISSN: 1600-0560
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: CD44, a family of closely related glycoproteins generated by alternative splicing, as well as the increased β1,6-branching of Asn-linked oligosaccharides (β1,6-branches), have been implicated in tumor progression and metastasis. We have investigated the expression of CD44 standard (CD44s), various CD44 splice variants (CD44v3,- v4,- v5,- v6 and- v9), and of β1,6-branches in a total of 37 paraffin-embedded human primary melanomas and metastases.Out of the 28 studied primary melanomas, 27 were positive for CD44s, 21 for CD44v5 (cytoplasmic staining) and 26 for β1,6 branches. Furthermore, superficial spreading melanomas showed a significant (p=0.004) stronger staining for CD44s than the thick (〉 1.5 mm) nodular melanomas, whereas no significant difference was found with regard to staining for CD44v5 and β1,6-branches. Eight of the 9 studied melanoma metastases were positive for CD44s, 6 for CD44v5 (cytoplasmic staining) and 7 for β1,6-branches. No CD44v3, -v4, -v6 and -v9 could be detected in any of the tumors. On average, metastases as compared to primary tumors, exhibited a significant (p=0.002) weaker staining for CD44s. However, metastasizing melanomas could not be distinguished from non-metastasizing ones based on CD44 immunostaining.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-119X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract CD44 isoforms have been implicated in tumor progression and metastasis formation. This study presents a thorough immunohistochemical analysis of CD44 standard ann isoform expression in normal human skin appendages and epidermis applying monoclonal antibodies against CD44s, CD44v3,-v4,-v5,-v6, and-v9. An improved immunohistochemical protocol with microwave-based antigen retrieval in paraffin section and heavy metal amplificatio of the diaminobenzidine reaction product provided enhanced resolution and sensitivity as compared to studies on frozen sections. The hair follile, the seborrheic and eccrine sweat glands were strongly positive for all CD44 isoforms studied. In the latter, the clear cells but not the dark (intercalated) cells were positive. The sudoriferous ducts adjacent to the glands were weakly positive for all CD44 isoforms and strongly positive near the skin surface. In the apocrine glands, the basal cells showed only a moderate positivity. The myoepithelial cells expressed only CD44s. In the epidermis, all CD44 isoforms were detectable, with strongest CD44 immunostaining in the lower third of the stratum spinosum and weaker staining in the stratum basale and the upper two-thirds of the stratum granulosum. The stratum granulosum and corneum were unreactive. Thus, a regional and cell type-specific CD44 expression was revealed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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