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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 611 (1990), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1615-5947
    Keywords: Subclavian artery ; anomalous right subclavian artery ; embolism ; brachial artery ; distal ulnar artery bypass ; amputation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A 35-year-old black woman presented with thrombosis of an anomalous right subciavian artery and distal arterial embolization. Initially, her right subclavian artery was reimplanted onto the common carotid artery, and a brachial artery embolectomy plus intraoperative thrombolytic therapy were used to reopen her distal arterial circulation. When her brachial artery repair thrombosed the following day, a distal ulnar artery bypass and repeat thrombolytic therapy were required to restore arterial patency. Six months later, she returned with severe, progressive, neointimal hyperplasia of her brachial artery and a second attempt at arterial reconstruction was unsuccessful. She eventually required a right below-elbow amputation. This patient demonstrated an anomalous right subclavian artery that presented with distal embolization without an antecedent history of severe atherosclerotic disease or the development of a right subclavian artery aneurysm. A review of the medical literature relating to complications of this anomaly is provided.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Annals of vascular surgery 6 (1992), S. 357-361 
    ISSN: 1615-5947
    Keywords: Lithotomy position ; lower extremity complication ; pelvis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The lithotomy position is commonly used during the performance of a variety of abdominal and pelvic operations. Previous publications reporting complications with these operations have been largely anecdotal. We report our experience with eight patients over the past four years who have suffered serious lower extremity complications following operations in which the lithotomy position was used. The average time in the lithotomy position for our patients was 7.4 hours (range: 3.7–12 hours). The mean interval between the original operation and the secondary operation to treat the lower extremity complication was 18.9 hours (range: 2–51 hours). The average hospital length of stay for these patients, 38.4 days (range: 11–119 days), was often prolonged as a direct result of their limb complication. Serious lower extremity complications may result from operations in which the lithotomy position is used. To prevent such complications, strict attention should be paid to the positioning of the limbs in the operating room and the time in the lithotomy position should be minimized. Perioperative monitoring of the lower extremity circulation and compartment pressures are essential in these patients since early detection and treatment of these complications is the only way to prevent permanent limb injury.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Annals of vascular surgery 7 (1993), S. 463-469 
    ISSN: 1615-5947
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Acute arterial ischemia of the lower extremities is a major cause of mortality and limb loss in patients with peripheral vascular disease. Patients with acute limb ischemia secondary to embolus or in situ thrombosis usually require emergency revascularization, either surgically or with the use of thrombolytic agents. It is commonly assumed that heparin therapy alone, without disobliterative intervention, can produce clinical improvement through continued patency and enlargement of the collateral circulation. The occurrence of spontaneous thrombolysis of major limb vessels is not generally accepted. We describe three patients, all with confirmed occlusion of either the iliac or superficial femoral arteries, who had spontaneous thrombolysis of occluded vessels. These experiences document that spontaneous resolution of arterial occlusion does occur, although it may be infrequent.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1615-5947
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The high reported incidence of deep venous thrombosis (DVT) in trauma patients has prompted surveillance venous duplex scanning of the lower extremities. We report our retrospective experience with 183 multiple trauma patients who were admitted to the surgical intensive care unit and underwent 261 surveillance venous scans. There were 122 men and 61 women whose average age was 38 years. All patients were treated prophylactically with either extremity pneumatic compression or subcutaneous heparin to prevent DVT. Most (87%) patients suffered blunt trauma and had either head (3%), spinal (3%), intra-abdominal (9%), or lower extremity (17%) injuries or a combination of injuries (68%). Almost two thirds of the patients had no symptoms suggestive of possible DVT. Of the 261 venous scans performed, 239 (92%) were normal, 16 (6%) were positive for proximal lower extremity DVT, and six (2%) showed thrombus limited to the calf veins. Patients with symptoms of lower extremity DVT were significantly more likely to have proximal DVT compared to those without symptoms (15% vs. 5%,p 〈0.05).Patients with spinal injuries also had a higher incidence of proximal DVT (18% vs. 6%,p 〈0.05).At current hospital charges, the cost to identify each proximal DVT was $6688. If surveillance duplex scans were performed on all trauma patients in the surgical intensive care unit, the national annual expense would be $300,000,000. Routine DVT surveillance is expensive and should be reserved for symptomatic patients or those with spinal injuries.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1615-5947
    Keywords: Extended polytetrafluoroethylene grafts ; popliteal artery bypass
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We have used polytetrafluoroethylene preferentially for bypasses to the above-knee popliteal artery since 1979. Since this approach has recently been challenged, we reviewed our experience with 138 grafts in 128 patients. The majority (74%) of patients were male with a mean age of 63.2 years. Risk factors included: smoking (85%), hypertension (55%), diabetes mellitus (45%), and coronary artery disease (41%). The indications for operation were disabling claudication (18%), rest pain (42%), gangrene/tissue loss (33%), and miscellaneous (7%). Perioperative (30 day) mortality was 3% and morbidity (excluding amputation or graft failure) was 5%. Patients were followed for up to eight years with a mean follow-up of 22.1 months. Grafts which remained patent, but did not prevent major amputation, were classified as “failed”. Primary patency was 75% at one year and 54% at five years. Limb salvage was 88% at one year and 70% at five years. Risk factors, indication for operation and arteriographic runoff had no statistically significant impact on short- or long-term patency. However, bypass grafts to isolated popliteal segments had a significantly (p=0.025) increased perioperative failure rate compared to all other grafts. Our data support the continued use of polytetrafluoroethylene for above-knee femoropopliteal bypass except perhaps in patients who require grafting to an isolated popliteal segment where higher early failure rates were seen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1615-5947
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) are potentially lethal arterial lesions that are best managed by elective surgical repair. However, asymptomatic AAAs may go undetected on routine physical examination or patients with such lesions may not consult a physician. To determine the prevalence of asymptomatic AAAs in a high-risk population, weretrospectively reviewed all abdominal CT scans on veterans 〉50 years of age that had been ordered for indications other than aneurysmal disease during a recent 10-month period. Of the 111 patients studied, 15 (13.5%) had suprarenal and/or infrarenal AAAs (one patient had both). Patients with AAAs were significantly older (p=0.0001) and were heavier tobacco users (p=0.003). For patients 〉60 years of age with peripheral vascular occlusive disease and a history of tobacco use, there was a 29.2% prevalence for AAA compared with 0% in those without any of these risk factors (p=0.04). There was a very definite trend suggesting that patients with peripheral vascular disease (p=0.06) were more likely to have an AAA. Because of the high prevalence of AAAs found in this population we then conducted aprospective study over a 24-month period during which patients 〉60 years of age with known peripheral vascular disease and a history of smoking who presented to the vascular laboratory for evaluation of problems not related to AAA were asked to undergo an abdominal CT scan. Fifty-six volunteers agreed to participate in the study. Seven patients had AAAs and one patient had an isolated iliac aneurysm, for a 14.3% overall prevalence of aneurysms. There was no difference in the incidence of risk factors in those patients with aneurysms and those without aneurysms. This represents one of the highest incidences for AAA thus far reported. If immediate repair is not performed, such patients must be followed closely for the development of symptoms or enlargement of their AAA.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Annals of vascular surgery 6 (1992), S. 31-33 
    ISSN: 1615-5947
    Keywords: Claudication ; hemodynamic indices ; peripheral vascular disease ; limb salvage ; amputation ; ischemia
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We reviewed the records of approximately 1,500 patients seen in the Vascular Laboratory of the Cincinnati Veterans Affairs Medical Center from 1980 to 1987 and identified 23 patients (25 limbs) who metall of the following criteria: 1) an ankle/brachial index less than or equal to 0.35; 2) an ankle or transmetatarsal pulse volume recording less than or equal to 3 mm in amplitude; and 3) no history of ischemic rest pain or gangrene. These patients were followed in the Vascular Laboratory for periods ranging from 11 to 127 months (mean 45.2 months). The study was terminated in March 1991 or when revascularization or amputation was required for limb-threatening symptoms or if the patient expired. Thirteen extremities (52%) showed no progression to limb-threatening symptoms. Claudication actually improved in three, remained unchanged in eight, and progressed in two. Twelve (48%) extremities developed limb-threatening conditions, with rest pain occurring in three, ischemic ulceration in six and gangrene in three. Eight of these limbs underwent revascularization and only one ultimately required major amputation. Another extremity presented with extensive gangrene and underwent a primary above-knee amputation. Three other patients did not undergo revascularization because of death in one and refusal in two others. Patients with intermittent claudication who have critical hemodynamic indices are at much greater risk for developing symptomatic limb-threatening ischemia. Close follow-up is mandatory since nearly half of these patients will eventually require operation for limb salvage. Patients who are unlikely to comply with a regular follow-up program may be considered for early revascularization to prevent complications of limb-threatening ischemia.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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