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  • 1
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Eleven monoclonal antibodies (MoAb) directed against the immunoregulatory plasma glycoprotein α1-microglobulin were characterized. The MoAb were produced in mice immunized with a mixture of α1-microglobulin homologues from man. guinea pig, rat and rabbit. Using radioimmunoassay, western blotting, affinity chromatography. and Scatchard analysis, the affinities and binding sites of the MoAb were analysed. All antibodies were more or less cross-reactive, bul most showed a major specificity for one or two of the α1- microglobulin homologues. None of the aniibodies was directed against the carbohydrate moiety of α1-microglobulin. Six of the MoAb had high affinity for the antigen and four of these were directed towards the same part of the molecule though differing in their species specificity. Five showed lower affinity for the antigen and were mainly directed towards epitopes on other parts of the molecule. Only some of the antibodies could block the proliferation of lymphocytes induced by human α1-microglobulin. The blocking efficiency of the different antibodies was similar when tested on the stimulation of human or mouse lymphocytes, suggesting that the same part of the α1-microglobulin molecule is responsible in both species. The magnitude of blocking by the different MoAb was not related to their affinities, emphasizing the importance of where on the α1-microglobulin molecule, rather than how strongly, they bind. The binding of the strongest blocking antibody was shown lo be directed to a C-terminal peptide of rat α1-microglobulin, indicating that this part of the α1-microglobulin is important for the mitogenic effects. Thus the panel of anti-α1-microglobulin MoAb should be a valuable tool for structural and functional studies of α1-microglobulin.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    BBA - Protein Structure 229 (1971), S. 359-367 
    ISSN: 0005-2795
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 0093-691X
    Keywords: Bovine ; LH ; estradiol ; estrous cycle ; estrus ; progesterone
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 0093-691X
    Keywords: IVC ; IVF ; IVM ; oocyte ; reindeer
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1573-7438
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Cette étude examina la relation centre la reprise de l'activité ovarienne et l'état de santé d'un groupe de 20 femelles zébus des pays tropicaux humides. Les profiles chimiques du sang furent aussi analysés pour contrôler l'état nutritionnel. La teneur en progestérone du plasma fut utilisée pour déterminer l'activité ovarienne. Pendant l'étude, qui dura 18 semaines après le vêlage, sept animaux reprirent une activité ovarienne alors que treize restèrent à un stade sans oestrus. Le début de la première phase lutéale fut enregistré au jour 87±19 (écart 60–106). Les animaux qui reprirent des cycles furent de façon significative en meilleure condition physique et eurent un poids moyen significativement superieur aux femelles sans oestrus. Dans le groupe qui reprit une activité ovarienne, les teneurs en calcium diminuèrent de façon significative trois semaines avant la première montée de progestérone du premier cycle normalisé. L'étude fut divisée en deux périodes correspondant aux semaines 0–8 (phase I) et 9–18 (phase II) se basant sur le fait que les animaux furent tous inactifs du point de vue reproductif jusqu'a la huitième semaine. Pendant la phase I, il n'y eut pas de différences significatives entre les groupes pour les concentrations sanguines en albumine, glucose, urée, cholestérol, calcium et phosphore. Pendant la phase II l'albumine fut de façon significative plus élevée et l'urée plus basse chez les femelles reprenant une activité ovarienne. Les résultats suggèrent que les femelles capables de maintenir leur condition physique pendant toute la période du vêlage auront un premier oestrus plus rapide que les femelles ayant perdu du poids. Les teneurs plus faibles en urée et plus fortes en albumine chez les animaux ayant un cycle reflètent probablement d'une meilleure efficacité dans la nutrition. Les demands en lactation furent compensées par l'altération due métabolisme azoté.
    Abstract: Resumen Este estudio investigó la relación entre el reinicio de la actividad ovárica y la condición corporal en un rebaño de 20 vacas zebú en el trópico húmedo. Se realizaron también análisis de sangre para monitorizar el estado nutricional de los animales. Se utilizaron los niveles plasmáticos de progesterona para determinar actividad ovárica. Durante el estudio, que duró las primeras 18 semanas postparto, 7 animales reiniciaron la actividad ovárica mientras que los 13 restantes permanecieron en anoestro. El inicio de la primera fase luteínica tuvo lugar el día 87±19 postparto (rango 16–106). Los animales que reiniciaron la actividad ovárica tenían una condición corporal significativamente mejor y un peso significativamente más alto que los animales que se mantuvieron en anoestro. En el grupo de animales que reinició la actividad ovárica, la concentración plasmática de calcio disminuyó significativamente durante las tres últimas semanas antes del aumento en la concentración de progesterona correspondiente al primer ciclo ovárico. Debido a que hasta la octava semana después del parto todos los animales estuvieron en anoestro, el estudio se dividió en dos períodos: período I (semanas 1 a 8) y período II (semanas 9 a 18). Durante el período I no se encontraron diferencias significativas entre los dos grupos de animales en las concentraciones plasmáticas de albúmina, glucosa, urea, colesterol, calcio ni fósforo. Durante el período II la concentración de albúmina fue significativamente más alta en el grupo de animales que reiniciaron la actividad ovárica, mientras que la concetración de urea fue significativamente mayor en los animales que permanecieron en anoestro. Los resultados sugieren que las vacas que son capaces de mantener su condición corporal durante las primeras semanas postparto tienen intervalos parto-estro más cortos que las vacas que han perdido condición corporal. El hecho de que los animales que reiniciaron antes su actividad ovárica tuvieran una concentración plasmática de albúmina superior y una concentración de urea inferior que los que permanecieron en anoestro probablemente refleja una mayor eficiencia en la utilización del alimento en los animales que reiniciaron la actividad ovárica. Es decir, las demanadas energéticas de la lactación fueron compensadas mediante un cambio en el metabolismo del nitrógeno.
    Notes: Summary This study investigated the relationship between resumption of ovarian activity and body condition in a herd of 20 zebu cows in the humid tropics. Blood chemistry profiles to monitor nutritional status were also evaluated. Plasma progesterone was used to determine ovarian activity. During the study, which lasted 18 weekspost partum, 7 of the animals resumed ovarian activity while 13 remained in the anoestrous stage. The beginning of the first luteal phase was registered on day 87±19 (range 60 to 106). The animals which resumed cyclicity were in significantly better body condition and had significantly higher mean body weight than anoestrous cows. In the group which resumed ovarian activity, calcium levels decreased significantly from 3 weeks before until the first rise of progesterone in the first normal cycle. The study was divided into 2 periods corresponding to weeks 0 to 8 (I) and 9 to 18 (II) based on the finding that until week 8 all animals were reproductively inactive. During period I there were no significant differences between the groups in blood concentrations of albumin, glucose, urea, cholesterol, calcium and phosphorus. During period II albumin was significantly higher and urea significantly lower in the cows resuming ovarian activity. The results suggest that cows able to maintain their body condition from calving through the earlypost-partum period will have shorter intervals to firstpost-partum oestrus than cows which have lost body weight. The lower urea and higher albumin levels in the cyclic animals probably reflected a better feed efficiency—the demands of lactation were compensated by an altered nitrogen metabolism.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2016-08-16
    Description: Purpose: A 31-gene expression signature reflected in dynamic contrast enhanced (DCE)-MR images and correlated with hypoxia-related aggressiveness in cervical cancer was identified in previous work. We here aimed to construct a dichotomous classifier with key signature genes and a predefined classification threshold that separated cervical cancer patients into a more and less hypoxic group with different outcome to chemoradiotherapy. Experimental Design: A training cohort of 42 patients and two independent cohorts of 108 and 131 patients were included. Gene expression data were generated from tumor biopsies by two Illumina array generations (WG-6, HT-12). Technical transfer of the classifier to a reverse transcription quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) platform was performed for 74 patients. The amplitude A Brix in the Brix pharmacokinetic model was extracted from DCE-MR images of 64 patients and used as an indicator of hypoxia. Results: Classifier candidates were constructed by integrative analysis of A Brix and gene expression profiles in the training cohort and evaluated by a leave-one-out cross-validation approach. On the basis of their ability to separate patients correctly according to hypoxia status, a 6-gene classifier was identified. The classifier separated the patients into two groups with different progression-free survival probability. The robustness of the classifier was demonstrated by successful validation of hypoxia association and prognostic value across cohorts, array generations, and assay platforms. The prognostic value was independent of existing clinical markers, regardless of clinical endpoints. Conclusions: A robust DCE-MRI–associated gene classifier has been constructed that may be used to achieve an early indication of patients' risk of hypoxia-related chemoradiotherapy failure. Clin Cancer Res; 22(16); 4067–76. ©2016 AACR .
    Print ISSN: 1078-0432
    Electronic ISSN: 1557-3265
    Topics: Medicine
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2014-11-26
    Description: Ganciclovir (GCV) is an essential part of the Herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase (HSV-tk) gene therapy of malignant gliomas. The purpose of this study was to investigate the brain pharmacokinetics and tumor uptake of GCV in the BT4C rat glioma model. GCV’s brain and tumor uptakes were investigated by in vivo microdialysis in rats with orthotopic BT4C glioma. In addition, the ability of GCV to cross the blood-brain barrier and tumor vasculature was assessed with in situ rat brain perfusion. Finally, the extent to which GCV could permeate across the BT4C glioma cell membrane was assessed in vitro. The areas under the concentration curve of unbound GCV in blood, brain extracellular fluid (ECF), and tumor ECF were 6157, 1658, and 4834 μ M⋅min, respectively. The apparent maximum unbound concentrations achieved within 60 minutes were 46.9, 11.8, and 25.8 μ M in blood, brain, and tumor, respectively. The unbound GCV concentrations in brain and tumor after in situ rat brain perfusion were 0.41 and 1.39 nmol/g, respectively. The highly polar GCV likely crosses the fenestrated tumor vasculature by paracellular diffusion. Thus, GCV is able to reach the extracellular space around the tumor at higher concentrations than that in healthy brain. However, GCV uptake into BT4C cells at 100 μ M was only 2.1 pmol/mg of protein, and no active transporter–mediated disposition of GCV could be detected in vitro. In conclusion, the limited efficacy of HSV-tk/GCV gene therapy may be due to the poor cellular uptake and rapid elimination of GCV.
    Print ISSN: 0090-9556
    Electronic ISSN: 1521-009X
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2017-05-09
    Description: We previously reported that CD137 (encoded by Tnfrsf9 ) deficiency suppressed type 1 diabetes (T1D) progression in NOD mice. We also demonstrated that soluble CD137 produced by regulatory T cells contributed to their autoimmune-suppressive function in this model. These results suggest that CD137 can either promote or suppress T1D development in NOD mice depending on where it is expressed. In this study, we show that NOD. Tnfrsf9 –/– CD8 T cells had significantly reduced diabetogenic capacity, whereas absence of CD137 in non-T and non-B cells had a limited impact on T1D progression. In contrast, NOD. Tnfrsf9 –/– CD4 T cells highly promoted T1D development. We further demonstrated that CD137 was important for the accumulation of β cell–autoreactive CD8 T cells but was dispensable for their activation in pancreatic lymph nodes. The frequency of islet-infiltrating CD8 T cells was reduced in NOD. Tnfrsf9 –/– mice in part because of their decreased proliferation. Furthermore, CD137 deficiency did not suppress T1D development in NOD mice expressing the transgenic NY8.3 CD8 TCR. This suggests that increased precursor frequency of β cell–autoreactive CD8 T cells in NY8.3 mice obviated a role for CD137 in diabetogenesis. Finally, blocking CD137–CD137 ligand interaction significantly delayed T1D onset in NOD mice. Collectively, our results indicate that one important diabetogenic function of CD137 is to promote the expansion and accumulation of β cell–autoreactive CD8 T cells, and in the absence of CD137 or its interaction with CD137 ligand, T1D progression is suppressed.
    Print ISSN: 0022-1767
    Electronic ISSN: 1550-6606
    Topics: Medicine
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2018-12-12
    Description: In this work we present an ink-jet printed temperature sensor consisting of PEDOT:PSS printed on paper suitable for packaging, flexible electronics and other printed applications. The substrate showed to have a large influence on both the resistance as well as the temperature sensitivity of the PEDOT:PSS ink. This effect is most likely due to NaCl content in the photo paper coating, which reacts with the PEDOT:PSS. The temperature coefficient of a prepared device of α = −0.030 relative to room temperature (22 o C) was measured, which is higher than compared to for example Silicon α = −0.075.
    Electronic ISSN: 1748-0221
    Topics: Physics
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  • 10
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    In:  Deutsche Beiträge zu GPS-Kampagnen des Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research (SCAR) 1995-1998 | Deutsche Geodätische Kommission bei der Bayerischen Akademie der Wissenschaften : Reihe B ; 310
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Keywords: 550 - Earth sciences
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/bookPart
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