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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Experimental ureterolithotripsy (1985)
    Springer
    World journal of urology 3 (1985), S. 33-35 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-8726
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Percutaneous renal calculus surgery has rapidly evolved, providing new methods for removal and destruction of calculi. Ureteroscopy has provided visual access to the ureteric lumen. As the ureter is a thin tube that grips calculi with little surrounding fluid, conventional operative and physiological concepts relating to the kidney and bladder cannot be assumed to be true for it as well. A new, atraumatic method of placing calculi in the dog ureter is described, as is use of this model to evaluate electrohydraulic and ultrasonic ureterolithotripsy. Ultrasonic ureterolithotripsy was found to be safe and effective. Electrohydraulic ureterolithotripsy was effective, but should be used with caution as there were a number of associated complications: direct contact with the ureter causes significant damage and it is recommended that it only be used under vision with irrigation and on the low-power setting.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00326885
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An experimental technique for renal intrapelvic access (1990)
    Springer
    Urological research 18 (1990), S. 159-163 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-0879
    Keywords: Renal ; Experimental ; Nephrostomy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary This study describes an experimental technique for insertion of an indwelling cannula into the canine renal pelvis, and demonstrates its use in the measurement of pelviureteric pressure and motility, creatinine clearance, Whitaker tests, nephrostograms and nephrostomy drainage. The system, which consists of cannula, Heplock and plastic fixation disc, has been inserted into 53 canine kidneys (48) dogs, and percutaneous needle passage into the subcutaneously placed Heplock was used to gain access to the renal pelvis. This technique was successful in virtually all cases (131 separate procedures), and there were few complications. The indwelling intrapelvic canula is a simple, cheap and reliable method of gaining longterm renal intrapelvic access in the dog, and has many experimental applications.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00302480
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Changes in regional renal perfusion following ischemia/reperfusion injury to the rat kidney (1991)
    Springer
    Urological research 19 (1991), S. 259-264 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-0879
    Keywords: Ischemia ; Reperfusion ; Medullary congestion
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Post-ischemic renal failure is associated with a zone of vascular hyperaemia in the outer medulla of the kidney. The effect of this lesion on regional renal perfusion is, however, unclear. Acute unilateral renal ischemia was applied to four groups of ten adult male Wistar rats for a period of 60 min, followed by revascularisation for 0, 15, 30 or 60 min. The aorta was then clamped and Microfil was injected at a standard pressure to fill the renal vasculature. Gross and histological examinations of the renal parenchyma and vasculature were then performed. Regional renal Microfil perfusion was quantified by examination of unstained histological sections, giving rise to a vascular perfusion index (VPI) for each vascular region of the kidney. The VPIs were similar in control and ischemic kidneys that were not subjected to reflow (group 1). In contrast, the VPI was markedly decreased in the inner stripe and inner medulla in animals in which revascularisation had occurred (groups 2–4), and the vasculature in these regions was histologically shown to be packed with red blood cells. Post-ischemic renal failure is associated with hyperperfusion of the medulla resulting from blockage of the vasculature that occurs during revascularisation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00305308
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The skeletal framework of human kidney and renal cell carcinoma (1990)
    Springer
    Urological research 18 (1990), S. 241-244 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-0879
    Keywords: Kidney ; Tumour ; Connective tissue ; Sodium hydroxide ; Scanning electron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The three dimensional architecture of the connective tissue framework of normal human kidney and three renal cell carcinomas was studied. A sodium hydroxide maceration technique was used to remove the cellular elements thus exposing the underlying connective tissue structures. The collagen fibrillar network was visualized using the scanning electron micriscope. In normal kidney the fibres were fine, and smooth, and corresponded to the shapes of the original parenchymal constituents. The fibres of the kidney tumours were coarse in nature and irregularly distributed. The technique provides a rapid method for studying connective tissue fibres in normal and diseased tissue. The three dimensional architecture thus exposed enhances our knowledge of tumour stroma.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00294765
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The laser in the management of benign prostatic hyperplasia (1995)
    Springer
    World journal of urology 13 (1995), S. 73-73 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-8726
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00183616
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The role of adverse risk factors in response to epodyl treatment in superficial bladder cancer (1986)
    Springer
    World journal of urology 4 (1986), S. 211-214 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-8726
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary This study presents a critical analysis of the use of intravesical Epodyl in patients who had been having recurrences for a mean of 5.5 years after diagnosis and assesses its value particularly in patients with poor risk superficial bladder carcinoma. Epodyl was associated with a complete response rate of 32%, with the complete response lasting for a mean of 4.3 years to death or end of follow-up. It was ineffective in patients who initially had pT1 histology but was associated with a decrease in recurrence rate in patients who had large or multiple tumours at diagnosis. It was less effective in patients whose recurrence pattern after initial resection was continuous rather than intermittent. If a patient has not responded to Epodyl by 1 year, radical cystectomy should be carried out as soon as possible.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00326963
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Urological follow-up of 124 women following spinal cord injury (1990)
    Springer
    World journal of urology 7 (1990), S. 212-213 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-8726
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A review of the urological status of 124 women with spinal cord injuries admitted over a 25-year period to the National Medical Rehabilitation Centre is presented. In all, 84 (68%) of these patients are currently catheter-free, 27 (22%) have permanent catheter drainage, 11 perform clean, intermittent self-catheterisation and 2 have undergone urinary diversions. There are many reports on the urological follow-up of patients with spinal cord injuries, but few of these have dealt with women. It is clear that whereas males may be kept ‘dry’ with the aid of external urinals, women present a distinct problem. The experience at our centre clearly shows that women less frequently develop outlet obstruction and suffer less from incontinence. This study assesses the status of 124 women, with particular reference to continence and catheter independence.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01576344
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Partial unilateral ureteric obstruction alters regional renal blood flow (1990)
    Springer
    World journal of urology 8 (1990), S. 170-174 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-8726
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Complete unilateral ureteric obstruction decreases ipsi-lateral and increases contra-lateral renal blood flow, with shunting of intrarenal blood flow from outer to inner cortical zones. We tested the hypothesis that partial unilateral ureteric obstruction would also result in alterations in renal perfusion patterns. In five dogs, the left ureter was partially obstructed for 4 weeks and then reimplanted into the bladder for a further 4 weeks. Whitaker tests confirmed partial ureteric obstruction. Renal blood flow was assessed at each stage by distribution of radioactively labelled microspheres prior to and following ureteric obstruction and after reimplantation. Partial unilateral ureteric obstruction significantly decreased total blood flow to the ipsi-lateral kidney (51% vs 26%;P〈0.05) and increases total blood flow to the contralateral kidney (49% vs 74%;P〈0.05). In the ipsilateral kidney, partial ureteric obstruction induced a significant decrease in outer cortical blood flow (57% vs 76%;P〈0.01) and a concomitant increase in inner cortical blood flow (35% vs 18%;P〈0.02). A similar, albeit less marked, shunting of blood from outer to inner cortex was seen in the contralateral kidney. Relief of sbstruction after 4 weeks did not restore the renal circulation to its pre-obstruction profile. We speculate that the alterations in intrarenal blood flow may be hormonally mediated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01576766
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Renal haemodynamics and prostaglandin synthesis in partial unilateral ureteric obstruction (1994)
    Springer
    Urological research 22 (1994), S. 279-285 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-0879
    Keywords: Partial ureteric obstruction ; Blood flow Prostaglandins
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Haemodynamic changes in partial unilateral ureteric obstruction (PUUO) may be related to altered prostaglandin synthesis. In 12 dogs the left ureter was partially obstructed for 5 weeks. In six dogs the ureter was reimplanted into the bladder and to investigate the effect of this procedure on the contralateral side the other six animals underwent ipsilateral nephroureterectomy. Renal blood flow (RBF) was measured by the distribution of radiolabelled microspheres. Changes in urinary prostaglandin (PG) concentrations were validated by renin activity using angiotensin I. Reduced left RBF during obstruction was associated with increased thromboxane A2 synthesis (P〈0.01). Increased RBF to the nonobstructed side was associated with elevated PGE2 formation (P〈0.05). Elevated angiotensin I levels (P〈0.01) corresponded to maximal increases in PG synthesis. Reimplantation of the obstructed kidney did not exert a direct effect on contralateral RBF or PG concentration. Haemodynamic changes in PUUO in vivo are associated with alterations in renal PGs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00297195
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Regional renal blood flow in normal and disease states (1995)
    Springer
    Urological research 23 (1995), S. 1-10 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-0879
    Keywords: Regional renal blood flow ; Ureteric obstruction ; Nephrectomy ; Ischaemia ; Prostaglandin ; Angiotensin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Renal function is intimately dependent on renal blood flow. Alterations in either total or regional renal blood flow have major consequences for renal function. Through homeostatic mechanisms the kidneys are able to maintain relatively stable rates of flow over a wide range of perfusion pressures. A combination of neural, endocrine, exocrine and autocrine signals serve to regulate renal blood flow at both local and systemic levels. Alterations in the balance of these systems occur in the presence of certain pathophysiological conditions and an understanding of the subsequent changes in regional renal blood flow distribution aids in the understanding of the associated changes in renal function. The regulation and distribution of regional blood flow and the effects of surgical and pathophysiological conditions on these factors are reviewed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00298844
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