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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Growth and respiration in two mangrove species at a range of salinities (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Physiologia plantarum 75 (1989), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1399-3054
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Growth and dark respiration rates were measured in leaves and roots of seedlings of Avicennia marina (Forsk.) Vierh, (grey mangrove), and Aegiceras corniculatum (L.) Blanco (river mangrove). Plants were grown in a soil mixture at ambient temperatures and watered with 0.25 and 100% sea-water. Oxygen uptake was measured in excised root and leaf samples. In both species growth was maximal in 25% sea-water, and root respiration was lowest in 100% sea-water. Differences were found between the two species in the responses of leaf respiration to salinity. In A. corniculatum leaf respiration was raised in both 25 and 100% sea-water, while in A. marina only leaves in 100% sea-water showed higher rates of respiration. These results are consistent with the view that A. marina is the more salt-tolerant of the two species. In A. corniculatum the respiration rates of the hypocotyl were also measured, and were much higher in 100% sea-water than in the other two treatments. The results suggest that at high salinities there is a high metabolic cost in the shoots of both species, and that at such salinities rates of root respiration may be limited by the supply of substrate from the shoots.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-3054.1989.tb06185.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Salinity, growth and root respiration in the grey mangrove, Avicennia marina (1984)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Physiologia plantarum 60 (1984), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1399-3054
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Relationships between growth parameters and root respiration under various conditions of salinity were investigated in seedlings of the grey mangrove Avicennia marina (Forsk.) Vierh. Growth, root/shoot ratios, leaf succulence and osmotic potential of leaves were measured for seedlings grown for 6–8 weeks in 100, 50, 25 and 0% seawater. Oxygen uptake of root segments, from distal to proximal ends of roots, was measured for all treatments. Total growth was maximal in 25% seawater, highest leaf succulence was obtained in 50% seawater, and highest leaf osmotic potential in 100% seawater. Oxygen uptake in distal root segments, as measured both by Clark oxygen electrode and Warburg manometry, showed a stimulation in the presence of salt that closely paralleled growth stimulation. The rates of respiration were highest in 25% seawater. The oxygen uptake was not stimulated by salt per se, since concentrations higher than 25% were associated with a decline in rate of oxygen uptake from the maximum. Values for the respiratory quotient approximated to one in all treatments. Avicennia marina has been reported to exclude from its roots about 90% of the salt in the surrounding medium. It might have been expected that increased concentrations of salt in the growth medium would be associated with a standard salt respiration response in the roots; however, this was not obtained.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-3054.1984.tb04549.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The structure of the salt gland of Aegiceras corniculatum (1971)
    Springer
    Planta 99 (1971), S. 183-191 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The salt glands of Aegiceras corniculatum have been examined by light- and electron-microscope techniques. A gland consists of a large number of abutting secretory cells and a single, large basal cell. The secretory cells and basal cell are joined by well defined plasmodesmata. The glandular cuticle shows differences between the top and sides of the gland, which may indicate a variation in the nature or quality of wax deposited. These variations may be significant in the secretion process, in view of the lack of evidence for the presence of pores. In ultrastructure, the secretory cells are generally similar to others that have been described, though there is no evidence of any particular association of vacuoles within these cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00386836
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electrical properties of the salt gland of Aegiceras (1974)
    Springer
    Planta 115 (1974), S. 285-296 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Microelectrode and current clamping techniques have been used to investigate the electrical properties of the salt gland of Aegiceras corniculatum Blanco. Three regions of the gland corresponding to the cuticular cap, secretory cells, and the basal cell are distinguishable according to their resting potential and voltage response characteristics. The resting potentials of the secretory cells and basal cells are shown to be markedly negative with respect to the cuticular cap and the surface of the gland. Penetration of the base of the gland always results in a sharp drop in the resting potential. It is also shown that there exists a low resistance pathway from the cuticular region to the underside of the gland which shunts the secretory cells, and that the cuticular cap presents a high electrical resistance. The resting potential and voltage response at various positions in the gland were also measured with variation in leaf illumination. It is shown that the resting potential becomes less negative throughout the gland for the transition light to dark. A similar change in illumination generally produces a rise in voltage response.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00388611
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electrical properties ofValonia ventricosa (1976)
    Springer
    The journal of membrane biology 29 (1976), S. 81-94 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1424
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary The cytoplasmic electrical potential and membrane resistance of mature cells ofValonia ventricosa have been measured by inserting a microelectrode concentric with another electrode into the vacuole of the cell. The cytoplasmic region was investigated by advancing the microelectrode into the cell wall from the vacuolar side. The results revealed a unique region where the vacuolar electric potential and membrane resistance changed in a simultaneous single step to values close to zero. The measured potential always remained positive immediately after the step. At no time was a highly negative potential region encountered. Further penetration of the microelectrode revealed a low resistance negative potential region of −12.6±1.1 mV associated with the cell wall. Experiments were also carried out on aplanospores ofV. ventricosa to compare mature and immature cells. The chemical composition of the vacuolar and protoplasmic phases of mature cells was determined. The results agreed with previous results except that the Cl− ion content of the protoplasm was significantly higher at 381±20 mmoles/liter (H2O). It was concluded that mature cells ofValonia are significantly different from immature cells in that no highly negative potential cytoplasmic region was found in mature cells. It was considered that the measured step change in electric potential and membrane resistance occurred at the plasmalemma and that the tonoplast was a region of very low resistance. The implications of these findings in terms of models of ion transport intoValonia are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01868953
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Impact of expected climate change on mangroves (1995)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 295 (1995), S. 75-81 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: climate change ; mangrove ; ecosystems
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract There is a consensus of scientific opinion that the activities of man will cause a significant change in the global climate over the next hundred years. The rising level of carbon dioxide and other industrial gases in the atmosphere may lead to global warming with an accompanying rise in sea-level. Mangrove ecosystems grow in the intertidal zones in tropical and sub-tropical regions and are likely to be early indicators of the effects of climate change. The best estimates of predicted climate change in the literature are presented. It is suggested that a rise in mean sea-level may be the most important factor influencing the future distribution of mangroves but that the effect will vary dramatically depending on the local rate of sea-level rise and the availability of sediment to support reestablishment of the mangroves. The predicted rise in mean air temperature will probably be of little consequence to the development of mangroves in general but it may mean that the presence of mangroves will move further north and south, though this will depend on a number of additional factors. The effect of enhanced atmospheric CO2 on the growth of mangroves is unknown at this time but that there is some evidence that not all species of mangroves will respond similarly. The socio-economic impacts of the effects of climate on mangrove ecosystems may include increased risk of flooding, increased erosion of coast lines, saline intrusion and increased storm surges.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00029113
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mangrove rehabilitation: choice and necessity (1999)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 413 (1999), S. 47-52 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: mangrove ; rehabilitation ; conservation ; sustainable production ; coastal protection
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The concept of mangrove ecosystem rehabilitation is considered. Four main reasons for rehabilitating mangroves are identified: conservation, landscaping, sustainable production and coastal protection. Practical aspects of mangrove rehabilitation, such as the causes of site degradation, site selection, source of seedlings and planting, monitoring and maintenance are then briefly mentioned. Future developments that may impact on mangrove ecosystem restoration such as the importance of biodiversity, biotechnology, ecological modelling, mapping, human ecology and data bases, are then briefly reviewed. Finally, the matter of choice and necessity is addressed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1003863415354
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  • 8
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    A World Without Mangroves? (2007)
    In:  EPIC3Science, 317(5834), pp. 41-42
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-17
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
    Format: application/pdf
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