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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    In vitro chemosensitivity test for human genito-urinary tumors using collagen gel matrix (2005)
    Melbourne, Australia : Blackwell Science Pty
    International journal of urology 12 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1442-2042
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Background:  Although the aim of chemosensitivity tests is to predict the efficacy of anticancer agents for individual patients, no generally accepted assay has been established.Methods:  A chemosensitivity test was conducted for solid tumors with an organ culture system using collagen gel matrix (CGM). Seventy-five samples of transitional cell carcinoma (TCC), 20 of germ cell tumor (GCT) and 13 of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) were used for the chemosensitivity test, and 20 patients were treated with anticancer drugs on the basis of the test results.Results:  Positive rates of anticancer drugs for the 75 TCC samples were 64.9% for carboplatin, 63.4% for cisplatin, 32.1% for etoposide, 19.7% for THP-adriamycin, 16.7% for vinblastine, and 12.3% for methotrexate, indicating that positive rates of the latter three agents consisting of an MVAC regimen were unexpectedly low. The GCT had higher positive rates than the other cancers while RCC had the lowest. In 20 eligible patients (seven patients with bladder tumors and 13 with GCT), the true positive and true negative rates were 42% (5/12) and 75% (6/8), respectively, and the sensitivity and specificity were 71% (5/7) and 46% (6/13), resulting in a 55% (11/20) accurate predictive value.Conclusion:  Although predictive accuracy was moderate when combination chemotherapy was used, information about chemosensitivity may have some beneficial effect on the treatment of patients with invasive bladder cancer or advanced GCT, because insensitive drugs detected by the test could be deleted or replaced with more sensitive ones.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1442-2042.2004.00985.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oncostatic and immunomodulatory effects of a glycoprotein fraction from water extract of abalone, Haliotis discus hannai (1987)
    Springer
    Cancer immunology immunotherapy 24 (1987), S. 207-212 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0851
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The liquid from heat-treatment of an abalone, Haliotis discus hannai, which is normally discarded as waste, was found to contain a new glycoprotein antineoplastic agent. A fraction of the liquid obtained from chromatography that was 22% carbohydrate and 44% protein was injected locally or systematically into ICR mice or BALB/c mice inoculated s.c. with allogeneic sarcoma 180 or syngeneic Meth-A fibrosarcoma, and growth of the tumors was strongly inhibited. There was an optimum dose range for the inhibition of the growth of sarcoma 180, and optimum timing. The fraction did not have antitumor activity in T cell-deficient nude mice (CD-1 nu/nu or BALB/c nu/nu mice), and administration of carrageenan in vivo decreased its activity in ICR mice. This fraction activated the cytostatic activity of peritoneal and alveolar macrophages in vivo. These results suggest that the antitumor activity is not due to a direct toxic effect but to stimulation of a host-mediated response.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00205631
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Studies of effects of anticancer agents in combination with/without hyperthermia on metastasized human bladder cancer cells in chick embryos using the polymerase chain reaction technique (1994)
    Springer
    Cancer chemotherapy and pharmacology 35 (1994), S. S84 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0843
    Keywords: Polymerase chain reaction ; Chick embryonic assay
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Cultivated T24 cells derived from a human bladder cancer were inoculated into the chorioallantoic membrane vein of chick embryos. Hyperthermic treatment was performed following injection of anticancer agents 3 days after the inoculation of the T24 cells. DNA samples were obtained from the livers of the chick embryos, and the polymerase chain reaction technique was used to amplify a DNA fragment specific to the human β-globin gene. The Southern hybridization method was used to evaluate the inhibitory effects of anticancer agents in combination with/without hyperthermia on T24 cells metastasized to the liver. The hyperthermia exerted an inhibitory effect on the growth of the T24 cells in the livers of the chick embryos, and this was dependent on the thermal dose. The antitumor effects of hyperthermia performed at 42.5° C for 20 min and at 43.0° C for 10 min were evidenced by 69.2% an 82.0% inhibition of the growth of the metastasized T24 cells, respectively, as compared with the growth of untreated T24 cell. Hyperthermia performed at 42.5° C for 10 min alone produced 26.7% tumor growth inhibition, and these conditions for hyperthermia were subsequently used as a criterion for evaluating the effects of its combination with various anticancer agents. Adriamycin (20 μg/egg) alone, mitomycin C (10 μg/egg) alone, carboplatin (10 μg/egg) alone, and cisplatin (10 μg/egg) alone produced 13.5%, 58.9%, 27.3%, and 29.1% tumor growth inhibition, respectively. Adriamycin and mitomycin C applied in combination with hyperthermia showed additive inhibitory effects on the growth of the metastasized T24 cells in this chick embryo model.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00686927
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Membrane-type 1 matrix metalloproteinase enhances lymph node metastasis of gastric cancer (2000)
    Springer
    Clinical & experimental metastasis 18 (2000), S. 321-327 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7276
    Keywords: gastric cancer ; lymph node metastases ; MT1-MMP ; NMP-2
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The mechanisms of the lymph node metastasis remain unclear. We demonstrate the role of MT1-MMP on the lymph node metastasis using in vivo experimental model of lymph node metastasis by orthotopic implantation of MT1-MMP transfected gastric cancer cell line in the stomach of nude rats. TMK-1 cell line without expression of MT1-MMP was transfected with the pcDNA3 plasmid containing a 3.4-kb MT1-MMP cDNA fragment by calcium phosphate method, and the transfected cell line was designated as TMK-MT. Western blot and RT-PCR analyses showed the specific bands corresponding to MT1-MMP in the TMK-MT cells. By gelatin zymography, the activated form (62-kDa) of MMP-2 was identified in the medium of TMK-MT cell line, but was not detected in TMK-1 cells. Six weeks after orthotopic implantation of TMK-1 and TMK-MT xenografts of nude mouse-subcutaneus tumor into the stomach of nude rats, gastric tumors were found in all the animals. Histologically, the lymphatic invasion was found in the submucosa of the TMK-MT gastric tumors. Lymph node metastasis was not detected in nude rats bearing TMK-1 gastric tumor (0/8). In contrast, lymph node metastasis was detected in five out of 8 rats, bearing TMK-MT gastric tumor. MT1-MMP immunoreactivity was found on the cell membrane and cytoplasm of TMK-MT cells not only in the lymph node metastasis but also in the stomach tumor. These results suggest that MT1-MMP overexpression induced by transfection of its gene may promote lymph node metastasis of transformed cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1010887014669
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Compact chromatin packaging of inactive X Chromosome involves the actively transcribed Xist gene (1999)
    Springer
    Mammalian genome 10 (1999), S. 606-610 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1777
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. The Xist gene responsible for X inactivation may take a unique chromatin structure because of exceptional expression from inactive X Chromosome, (Chr). We have examined differential chromatin packaging of the Xist gene region between active and inactive X Chr with a novel method consisting of the chromatin fractionation and allele-specific detection. Analysis of F1 heterozygous female mice from T(X;16)16H × MSM crosses and two cell clones derived from inter-subspecific F1 female mice demonstrated that the packaging level of the transcribed Xist region on inactive X Chr was as tight as that of the repressed Pgk-1 allele on the same chromosome. On the other hand, restriction endonuclease sensitivity assay of chromatin showed that the promoter region, but not transcribed regions, of the transcribed Xist allele retained accessibility to nucleases. These results may suggest a cis-element(s) in a regulatory region of the Xist gene to prevent the transcriptionally inhibitory effect of the chromatin packaging.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003359901054
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