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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: The long-term monitoring of basic hydrological parameters (temperature and salinity), collected as time series with adequate temporal resolution (i.e. with a sampling interval allowing the resolution of all important timescales) in key places of the Mediterranean Sea (straits and channels, zones of dense water formation, deep parts of the basins), constitute a priority in the context of global changes. This led CIESM (The Mediterranean Science Commission) to support, since 2002, the HYDROCHANGES programme (http//www.ciesm.org/marine/programs/hydrochanges.htm), a network of autonomous conductivity, temperature, and depth (CTD) sensors, deployed on mainly short and easily manageable subsurface moorings, within the core of a certain water mass. The HYDROCHANGES strategy is twofold and develops on different scales. To get information about long-term changes of hydrological characteristics, long time series are needed. But before these series are long enough they allow the detection of links between them at shorter timescales that may provide extremely valuable information about the functioning of the Mediterranean Sea. The aim of this paper is to present the history of the programme and the current set-up of the network (monitored sites, involved groups) as well as to provide for the first time an overview of all the time series collected under the HYDROCHANGES umbrella, discussing the results obtained thanks to the programme.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Long-term monitoring programme. ; Hydrological variability
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed
    Format: pp.301-324
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Several samples collected from two main rivers (Souani and Mghogha) and the largest pipeline of Tangier’s city that pours into Tangiers bay (Mediterranean Moroccan margin), were analysed with the objective of evaluating the chemical and/or organic contamination degree of superficial sediments present along these continental emissaries. The sedimentary dynamics of these rivers show coarsening upstream evolution, influenced by the urban and industrial liquid and solid discharges (infilling basin side with building materials such a bricks, cement, glass, etc.). Organic matter is present with high concentration, showing a positive correlation with the sediment fine fraction. Total Nitrogen displays a parallel evolution with the organic matter, with especially high concentrations near the urban sewage. The six heavy metals analyzed in the superficial sediments, show variable but relatively high concentrations, mainly in the fine fraction, with Zn 〈 Cr 〈 Pb 〈 Ni 〈 Cu 〈 Cd. The correlative study of these metallic elements prove their double anthropogenic and natural origin.
    Description: Dans le but d’évaluer le degré de contamination chimique et/ou organique des sédiments superficiels le long des émissaires continentaux, des échantillons de sédiments de surface ont été prélevés et analysés le long des oueds Souani et Mghogha et au niveau de la canalisation majeure de la ville de Tanger débouchant sur la baie située sur la marge méditerranéenne marocaine. La dynamique sédimentaire dans les oueds montre exceptionnellement une évolution amont–aval granocroissante en relation avec l’activité anthropique (remblaiement des bassins versants par les matériaux de construction tels que les briques, ciments, verres, etc.). La matière organique est présente à des teneurs relativement élevées en corrélation positive avec la sédimentation fine. L’azote total montre une évolution parallèle à la matière organique avec des teneurs élevées, notamment à proximité des rejets urbains. Les six métaux lourds analysés dans les sédiments superficiels se trouvent à des concentrations variables relativement fortes : Zn 〈 Cr 〈 Pb 〈 Ni 〈 Cu 〈 Cd. L’étude corrélative de ces éléments métalliques confirme l’origine anthropique et naturelle des métaux rencontrés de préférence dans la fraction fine à des concentrations élévées.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Sedimentology ; Mineralogy ; Pollution ; Geochemical surveys ; Bay dynamics
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Non-Refereed , Article
    Format: 478738 bytes
    Format: application/pdf
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