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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant, cell & environment 11 (1988), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-3040
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract. Root nodule organogenesis is described. Plant regulated aspects of nodulation and N2 fixation are reviewed and discussed. Since the effective N2 fixing symbiosis requires the interaction of the host plant and bacterium in an appropriate environment (the rhizosphere and the root nodule) it is essential that research aimed at improving N2 fixation involve a knowledge and understanding of the plant genes that affect nodule development, growth, and function. Current knowledge of host plant genes involved in N2 fixation is summarized. Various experimental approaches to the study of the host plant's contribution to nodulation are noted. The functions of nodule specific proteins (nodulins) in symbiosis are delineated. Future areas of research are suggested.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words Oat ; Oil content ; Acetyl-CoA carboxylase ; Molecular markers ; Candidate gene
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  Oat groats are unique among cereals for the high level and the embryo-plus-endosperm localization of lipids. Genetic manipulation of groat quality traits such as oil is desired for optimizing the value of oat in human and livestock diets. A locus having a major effect on oil content in oat groats was located on linkage group 11 by single-factor analysis of variance, simple interval mapping and simplified composite interval mapping. A partial oat cDNA clone for plastidic acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACCase), which catalyzes the first committed step in de novo fatty acid synthesis, identified a polymorphism linked to this major QTL. Similar QTL and ACCase locus placements were obtained with two recombinant inbred populations, ‘Kanota’בOgle’ (KO) and ‘Kanota’בMarion’ (KM), containing 137 and 139 individual lines, respectively. By having a common parent these populations provide biological replication of the results in that significant genomic regions should be evident in analyses of multiple cross combinations. The KO population was mapped with 150 RFLP loci distributed over the genome and was grown in five diverse environments (locations and years) for measurement of groat oil content. The KM population was mapped with 60 RFLP loci and grown in three environments. The QTL linked to AccaseA on linkage group 11 accounted for up to 48% of the phenotypic variance for groat oil content. These results provide strong support for the hypothesis that ACCase has a major role in determining groat oil content. Other QTLs were identified in both populations which accounted for an additional 10–20% of the phenotypic variance.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1435-0653
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Zea mays L.) and most other grasses are naturally susceptible to graminicides represented by the herbicides sethoxydim (2[1-(ethoxyimino)butyl]-5-[2-(ethylthio)propyl]-3-hydroxy-2-cyclohexen-1-one) and haloxyfop (2-{4-[3-chloro-5-(trifluoro methyl)-2-pyridin-yl]oxy}phenoxy-methyl ester) because of the presence of a susceptible form of the target site enzyme, acetyl-CoA carboxylase. However, tolerant maize mutants have been obtained by tissue culture selection. Five selected mutant lines (S1, S2, S3, H1, H2) were previously shown to be allelic for the same tolerance gene (Acc1) and to express graminicide-tolerant acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACCase) activity. The objectives of this study were to determine the genetic relationships among three additional mutants (S4, S5, S6) and the original five mutants and to examine the graminicide susceptibility of ACCase activity. Herbicide tolerance in 3-wk-old seedlings segregated as a single-gene, partially dominant trait for all mutants. Crosses between mutants revealed that S1, S2, S3, S4, H1, and H2 were allelic for mutations at the Acc1 locus and that S5 and S6 were allelic for mutations at a second locus designated Acc2. ACCase activity from the S2 mutant expressed a high level of sethoxydim tolerance while ACCase activity from the S5 mutant expressed a much lower level of herbicide tolerance. These data suggest that Acc1 contributes a higher proportion of the total ACCase activity than the Acc2 locus. Acc1 and Acc2 were mapped to chromosome 2 and chromosome 10, respectively, on the basis of RFLP and seedling phenotype markers. The S3 allele of Acc1 cosegregated with a polymorphism on chromosome 2 identified by a maize ACCase cDNA probe indicating that the herbicide tolerance trait is conditioned by a structural gene for ACCase.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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