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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The aerodynamic characteristics of cat allergen (1993)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 23 (1993), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: To further characterize airborne cat allergen and a newly established cat challenge facility, airborne Fel d I levels and particle size distributions were studied in both the cat challenge room and home environments under different conditions of ventilation and physical activity. In the cat room, there has been a dramatic and continued rise in the concentration of airborne Fel d I since the room was established. No differences in total airborne Fel d I levels or particle size distribution were detected under widely differing rates of ventilation (40 air changes per hour vs 8 ac/hr vs 〈 1 ac/hr). Likewise, altering ventilation had little effect on the clearance of airborne antigen after disturbance. Significant increases in allergen levels were detected, however, after simply allowing the cats to leave their holding cage and move about the room, Feld I levels in homes ranged from 2–468.5 ng/m3 similar to the levels seen in the cat room without disturbance. Feld I particle size distribution was very consistent in both homes and the cat room with the majority of airborne Fel d I being detected on particles 〉 17 μm. Although very little allergen f 〈 15%) was detected on particles 〈4 μm, this important fraction was present under all conditions. We conclude that airborne cat allergen resides primarily on relatively large particles, that a small but consistent fraction is found on very small particles, and that neither allergen levels or particles size distribution are significantly influenced by ventilation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2222.1993.tb00360.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mouse allergen-specific immunoglobulin G and immunoglobulin G4 and allergic symptoms in immunoglobulin E-sensitized laboratory animal workers (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 35 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background High levels of allergen-specific IgG have been associated with clinical efficacy in immunotherapy studies, but whether this antibody isotype is associated with clinical tolerance in the setting of environmental exposure remains unclear.Objective To determine if mouse allergen-specific IgG (mIgG) and IgG4 (mIgG4) levels are associated with mouse-related symptoms among IgE-sensitized laboratory workers.Methods Fifty-eight workers with either skin test or serologic evidence of IgE-mediated mouse sensitization were studied. Symptom data were obtained by a questionnaire. Serum levels of mouse-specific IgG, IgG4, and IgE were quantified by a solid-phase antigen-binding assay (IgG) and RAST (IgG4 and IgE), and the relationships between mouse-specific serologic responses and mouse-related symptoms were analysed.Results Twenty-three (39.7%) participants reported mouse-related symptoms. Mouse-specific IgG and IgG4 levels were not associated with mouse-related symptoms among the study population as a whole. Among the 29 (50%) participants with detectable mouse-specific IgE (mIgE), higher mouse-specific IgG and IgG4 levels were associated with a decreased risk of symptoms, after adjusting for mIgE level (odds ratio (OR) 0.3, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.1–1.4, and OR 0.3, 95% CI: 0.04–2.6, respectively). Higher levels of mIgG and mIgG4 remained associated with a decreased risk of symptoms after additional adjustment for sex and handling of mice (OR 0.1, 95% CI: 0.02–0.7, and OR 0.2, 95% CI: 0.02–2.1, respectively). Higher mIgG : IgE and mIgG4 : IgE ratios were also associated with a decreased risk of symptoms after adjusting for these confounders (OR 0.1, 95% CI: 0.02–0.7, and OR 0.2, 95% CI: 0.02–0.92, respectively).Conclusion Among workers with detectable mIgE, higher mIgG and mIgG4 levels are associated with a decreased risk of mouse-related symptoms. High serum levels of mIgG or mIgG4 may be markers for clinical tolerance among laboratory mouse workers with detectable mIgE, but these findings need to be confirmed in larger, prospective studies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2222.2005.02331.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Allergenic proteins are fragmented in low concentrations of sodium hypochlorite (2001)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science, Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 31 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background To facilitate allergen removal from indoor environments, it would be helpful to have household cleaning products that modified allergenic activity. Because NaOCl dissolves proteins in high concentrations and is both capable of killing bacteria and viruses and inactivating viral antigens at somewhat lower concentrations, we explored its effects on Mus m 1 and other indoor allergens.Objective To examine the ability of NaOCl to reduce the allergenicity of Mus m 1 and other indoor allergens.Methods Using purified mouse urinary allergen, we examined the effect on protein measured by Coomassie protein assay and on Mus m 1 measured by ELISA. We also examined the effects using SDS/PAGE and Western blots probed with sheep anti-Mus m 1 and with allergic human serum.Results When NaOCl and Mus m 1 were combined in a molar ratio of 100 : 1, IgE binding to Mus m 1 on Western blot was significantly reduced. At higher NaOCl concentrations the protein appeared to fragment and eventually became undetectable. Fragmentation appeared to be random in that peptides of a wide range of apparent molecular weight were produced. The reaction was complete within 1–2 min at OCl : pr ratios of greater than 200 : 1 and was optimal at pH 7.4. Immunological activity of other allergens (Fel d 1, Bla g 1, Der p 1) was decreased in vitro and dried allergen extracts were removed from surfaces. Adding an extraneous protein, BSA, to NaOCl:Mus m 1 solutions decreased the effect of NaOCl on the allergen.Conclusions We concluded that NaOCl at concentrations commonly used in household products is capable of dramatically affecting allergenic protein.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2222.2001.01127.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparison of oral and inhaled metaproterenol for prevention of exercise-induced asthma (1981)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 11 (1981), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The effectiveness of inhaled versus oral metaproterenol in preventing exercise-induced asthma (EIA) was studied.Inhaled metaproterenol given 10 min before the exercise significantly reduced the degree of EIA in a group of twenty-four patients, and in 75% of them completely prevented it. The mean percentage decrease in FEV1 was 6-5% with the inhaler and 30.1%, with placebo. When inhaled 1 hr before the exercise, metaproterenol was still better than placebo but its effectiveness was considerably lower. Metaproterenol tablets had a slight protective effect given I hr before, and none when administered 2 hr before exercise.There was no correlation between the protective effect against EIA and the bronchodilating effect obtained before exercise. Metaproterenol administered by metered-dose inhaler is a very effective prophylactic medication against clinically troublesome EIA, while metaproterenol tablets should not be recommended for this purpose.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2222.1981.tb02180.x
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