Publication Date:
2022-06-09
Description:
The effusion rate is the most important parameter to gatherwhen a volcanic eruption occurs, because it controls
the way inwhich a lava body grows, extends and expands, influencing its dimensional properties. Calculation of
lava flow volume from thermal images collected by helicopter surveys has been largely used during the last
decade for monitoring subaerial effusive eruptions. However, due to the depths where volcanic activity occurs,
monitoring submarine volcanic eruptions is a very difficult task. The 2011–2012 submarine volcanic eruption
at El Hierro, Canary Islands, has provided a unique and excellent opportunity to monitor eruptive processes
occurring on the seabed. The use of a hand-held thermal camera during daily helicopter flights allowed us to
estimate for the first time the daily and total erupted magma volumes from a submarine eruption. The volume
of magma emitted during this eruption has been estimated at 300 Mm3, giving an average effusion rate
of ~25 m3 s−1. Thermal imagery by helicopter proved to be a fast, inexpensive, safe and reliable technique of
monitoring volcanic eruptions when they occur on the shallow seabed.
Description:
This research was financially supported by the projects MAKAVOL
(MAC/3/C161) from the European Union MAC 2007–2013 Transnational
Cooperation Program as well as from the Cabildo Insular de Tenerife. We
are also grateful to the staff of El Hierro airport (AENA) for providing
logistical support.
Description:
Published
Description:
219-225
Description:
5V. Sorveglianza vulcanica ed emergenze
Description:
JCR Journal
Description:
restricted
Keywords:
Shallow submarine eruption
;
Thermal airborne monitoring
;
Erupted volume
;
Effusion rate
;
04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.06. Volcano monitoring
Repository Name:
Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
Type:
article
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