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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Isolation of Elaeagnus-compatible Frankia from soils collected in Tunisia (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 234 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The occurrence and diversity of Frankia nodulating Elaeagnus angustifolia in Tunisia were evaluated in 30 soils from different regions by a Frankia-capturing assay. Despite the absence of actinorhizal plants in 24 of the 30 soils, nodules were captured from all the samples. Eight pure strains were isolated from single colonies grown in agar medium. On the basis of 16S rRNA and GlnII sequences, seven strains were clustered with Frankia, colonizing Elaeagnaceae and Rhamnaceae in two different phylogenetic groups while one strain described a new lineage in the Frankia assemblage, indicating that Frankia strains genetically diverse from previously known Elaeagnus-infective strains are present in tunisian soils. Genomic fingerprinting determined by rep-PCR, and tDNA-PCR-SSCP, confirmed the wide genetic diversity of the strains.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.2004.tb09554.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Restriction site insertion-PCR (RSI-PCR) for rapid discrimination and typing of closely related microbial strains (1999)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 180 (1999), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Taking advantage of point mutations between DNA sequences of closely related microbial strains, PCR primers modified with respect to the target sequence at positions 2–5 near the 3′ end were designed to obtain a fragment harbouring an artificial restriction site specific for a given strain. The modified forward primer coupled with a specific reverse primer allows for the amplification of DNA fragments which can be digested with the specific endonuclease only in those strains where the restriction site is inserted by the DNA polymerase. The effectiveness of the method, named restriction site insertion-PCR (RSI-PCR), was tested on isolates of the ‘Bacillus cereus group’ for the rapid typing and discrimination of these closely related strains.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1999.tb08780.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Interspecific, intraspecific and interoperonic variability in the 16S rRNA gene of methanogens revealed by length and single-strand conformation polymorphism analysis (1998)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 164 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Thirty-seven strains of mesophilic and thermophilic methanogenic Archaea, belonging to 30 species, were analyzed by length polymorphism (LP) and single-strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) of an amplified 300-bp fragment of the 16S rRNA gene (Escherichia coli positions 9–331) including the variable regions V1 and V2. LPs and SSCPs were detected between species and between strains of the same species (Methanobacterium formicicum). LPs were found in Mb. formicicum DSMZ 3637, Mb. ivanovii DSMZ 2611, Mb. wolfei DSMZ 2970, Methanosarcina barkeri DSMZ 800, and Methanosaeta concilii DSMZ 3671, suggesting the presence of polymorphic 16S rRNA genes in the genome. We propose that LP and SSCP analysis of the 16S rRNA gene could be of practical help for strain identification.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1998.tb13116.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    16S–23S rRNA internal transcribed spacers as molecular markers for the species of the 16S rRNA group I of the genus Bacillus (1998)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 163 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The internal transcribed spacers between the 16S and the 23S ribosomal RNA genes were used to discriminate species of the 16S rRNA group I of the genus Bacillus by PCR. The spacer-PCR fingerprints clearly discriminated the different species, except those closely related like the members of the ‘B. cereus group’ (B. cereus, B. thuringiensis and B. mycoides) and the species of the ‘B. subtilis group’ (B. amyloliquefaciens and B. licheniformis). Examining in more detail the shortest internal transcribed spacers, B. subtilis group species were distinguished by single-strand conformation polymorphism analysis, whereas B. mycoides was differentiated from B. cereus/B. thuringiensis by restriction analysis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1998.tb13050.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Single strand conformation polymorphism analysis of PCR-tDNA fingerprinting to address the identification of Bacillus species (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 157 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The suitability of tDNA-PCR fingerprinting to identify species of the genus Bacillus was tested on 75 strains. Strains belonging to the same species or the same phylogenetic cluster were correctly grouped. Among B. stearothermophilus strains, different pattern types were found. This could be due to the unclear taxonomic situation of these strains, rather than to a failure of the tDNA-PCR. Single strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) of the PCR products allowed species discrimination within the ‘B. subtilis group’, but not within the ‘B. cereus group’. The tDNA-PCR, alone or coupled with SSCP analysis, is useful to address Bacillus species identification, particularly for those species which are not phylogenetically tightly clustered.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1997.tb12757.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Different types of sludge granules in UASB reactors treating acidified wastewaters (1995)
    Springer
    Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 68 (1995), S. 329-337 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9699
    Keywords: UASB reactors ; granular sludge ; acidogenic and methanogenic activities ; F420 coenzyme ; elemental compositions ; flotation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The influence of a high energy substrate, i.e. sucrose, on the granular sludge yield and the development of different types of granular sludge was investigated by using Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Bed (UASB) reactors fed with synthetic wastewater. The feed COD was a mixture of volatile fatty acids (VFA) i.e., 20, 40, and 40% of the COD as C2-, C3-, and C4-VFA, respectively. Furthermore, experiments were carried out in which 10 and 30% of the VFA COD was substituted with sucrose. The following distinctly different types of granules were observed in each testrun: in the reactor fed with solely VFA, black (B) and white (W) granules developed; in the reactor fed with a mixture of 90% VFA and 10% sucrose, three types of granules i.e., B, W, and grey (G) granules could be seen; in the reactor fed with 70% VFA and 30% sucrose, only W and G granules were found. The granular sludge yield increased proportional to the amount of sucrose COD. At steady-state performance of the reactors, specific acidogenic (SAA) and methanogenic (SMA) activity tests on these granules revealed that B granules had the highest SMA with low SAA. The W granules had very high SMA with low SAA. G granules gave the highest SAA with a considerable SMA. Measurement of coenzyme F420 revealed that B granules consist mainly of acetoclastic methanogens. The fore-mentioned tests were supplemented with analyses of the wash-out cells present in the reactor effluent and the results suggested that acidogens, if present, prevail at the granule surface. The B granules were particularly rich in Ca, Mn, and Zn minerals. The size distribution analysis showed that the granule diameter increased in the following order: B〈W〈G granules. The biogas bubbles tended to adhere to the B and W granules but not so strongly to the G granules.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00874143
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 7
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    Harnessing the microbiome to prevent global biodiversity loss (2022)
    Nature Research
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-02-07
    Description: Global biodiversity loss and mass extinction of species are two of the most critical environmental issues the world is currently facing, resulting in the disruption of various ecosystems central to environmental functions and human health. Microbiome-targeted interventions, such as probiotics and microbiome transplants, are emerging as potential options to reverse deterioration of biodiversity and increase the resilience of wildlife and ecosystems. However, the implementation of these interventions is urgently needed. We summarize the current concepts, bottlenecks and ethical aspects encompassing the careful and responsible management of ecosystem resources using the microbiome (termed microbiome stewardship) to rehabilitate organisms and ecosystem functions. We propose a real-world application framework to guide environmental and wildlife probiotic applications. This framework details steps that must be taken in the upscaling process while weighing risks against the high toll of inaction. In doing so, we draw parallels with other aspects of contemporary science moving swiftly in the face of urgent global challenges.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 8
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    The trade-off between heat tolerance and metabolic cost drives the bimodal life strategy at the air-water interface (2016)
    In:  EPIC3Scientific Reports, 6, pp. 19158, ISSN: 2045-2322
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-08-25
    Description: The principle of oxygen and capacity limitation of thermal tolerance in ectotherms suggests that the long-term upper limits of an organism's thermal niche are equivalent to the upper limits of the organism's functional capacity for oxygen provision to tissues. Air-breathing ectotherms show wider thermal tolerances, since they can take advantage of the higher availability of oxygen in air than in water. Bimodal species move from aquatic to aerial media and switch between habitats in response to environmental variations such as cyclical or anomalous temperature fluctuations. Here we tested the prediction that bimodal species cope better with thermal stress than truly aquatic species using the crab Pachygrapsus marmoratus as a model species. When in water, oxygen consumption rates of P. marmoratus acutely rise during warming. Beyond a temperature threshold of 23 °C the crab's aerobic metabolism in air remains lower than in water. In parallel, the haemolymph oxygen partial pressure of submerged animals progressive decreases during warming, while it remains low but constant during emersion. Our results demonstrate the ability of a bimodal breathing ectotherm to extend its thermal tolerance during air-breathing, suggesting that there are temperature-related physiological benefits during the evolution of the bimodal life style.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
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    PAPER (OA)
  • 9
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    Thermal specialization across large geographical scales predicts the resilience of mangrove crab populations to global warming (2014)
    In:  EPIC3Oikos, 124(6), pp. 784-795, ISSN: 00301299
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-06-15
    Description: The broad prediction that ectotherms will be more vulnerable to climate change in the tropics than in temperate regions includes assumptions about centre/edge population effects that can only be tested by within-species comparisons across wide latitudinal gradients. Here, we investigated the thermal vulnerability of two mangrove crab species, comparing populations at the centre (Kenya) and edge (South Africa) of their distributions. At the same time, we investigated the role of respiratory mode (water- versus air-breathing) in determining the thermal tolerance in amphibious organisms. To do this, we compared the vulnerability to acute temperature fluctuations of two sympatric species with two different lifestyle adaptations: the free living Perisesarma guttatum and the burrowing Uca urvillei, both pivotal to the ecosystem functioning of mangroves. The results revealed the air-breathing U. urvillei to be a thermal generalist with much higher thermal tolerances than P. guttatum. Importantly, however, we found that, while U. urvillei showed little difference between edge and centre populations, P. guttatum showed adaptation to local conditions. Equatorial populations had elevated tolerances to acute heat stress and mechanisms of partial thermoregulation, which make them less vulnerable to global warming than temperate conspecifics. The results reveal both the importance of respiratory mode to thermal tolerance and the unexpected potential for low latitude populations/species to endure a warming climate. The results also contribute to a conceptual model on the latitudinal thermal tolerance of these key species. This highlights the need for an integrated population-level approach to predict the consequences of climate change.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
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  • 10
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    Harnessing the microbiome to prevent global biodiversity loss (2022)
    Springer Nature
    In:  EPIC3Nature Microbiology, Springer Nature, 7(11), pp. 1726-1735, ISSN: 2058-5276
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-02
    Description: Global biodiversity loss and mass extinction of species are two of the most critical environmental issues the world is currently facing, resulting in the disruption of various ecosystems central to environmental functions and human health. Microbiome-targeted interventions, such as probiotics and microbiome transplants, are emerging as potential options to reverse deterioration of biodiversity and increase the resilience of wildlife and ecosystems. However, the implementation of these interventions is urgently needed. We summarize the current concepts, bottlenecks and ethical aspects encompassing the careful and responsible management of ecosystem resources using the microbiome (termed microbiome stewardship) to rehabilitate organisms and ecosystem functions. We propose a real-world application framework to guide environmental and wildlife probiotic applications. This framework details steps that must be taken in the upscaling process while weighing risks against the high toll of inaction. In doing so, we draw parallels with other aspects of contemporary science moving swiftly in the face of urgent global challenges.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , peerRev
    Format: application/pdf
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