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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Photoprotective effect of Pothomorphe umbellata root extract against ultraviolet radiation induced chronic skin damage in the hairless mouse (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Clinical and experimental dermatology 30 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2230
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: In this study we evaluated the activity of Pothomorphe umbellata root extract on hairless mice chronically exposed to UVB radiation (76.5 mJ/cm2, 4 days per week for 22 weeks). Mouse dorsal surfaces were treated topically with 20 mg/cm2 of a carbomer 940 gel (vehicle) with or without P. umbellata root extract to a final concentration of 0.1%, for 2 h before irradiation. Another irradiated group received no topical treatment. A fourth group received no treatment and was not irradiated. Visible skin wrinkling was evaluated using a scale ranging from 0 to 4, where 0 corresponds to no skin modification, and 4 to the maximum visual skin alteration observed in our experiments. Histological measurements were carried out on standard haematoxylin & eosin stained sections. The mean distances between the outermost surface of the epidermis (excluding the stratum corneum) and the dermal–epidermal junction were determined by morphometric analysis. These distances were statistically increased in the irradiated control groups when compared to the nonirradiated control group and to the irradiated group using P. umbellata root extract. These data demonstrate that P. umbellata may be successfully used as a topical skin-protecting agent against the deleterious effects of UV radiation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2230.2005.01749.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Activation and Regeneration of a NiMo/Al2O3 Hydrotreatment Catalyst (1994)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Industrial & engineering chemistry research 33 (1994), S. 1692-1699 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5045
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ie00031a009
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthesis of Niobium Carbide from Niobium Oxide Aerogels (1995)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Chemistry of materials 7 (1995), S. 179-184 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5002
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cm00049a027
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of succinylacetone on dimethylsulfoxide-mediated induction of heme pathway enzymes in mouse Friend virus-transformed erythroleukemia cells
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Experimental Cell Research 154 (1984), S. 474-484 
    Details
    ISSN: 0014-4827
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0014-4827(84)90171-X
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  • 5
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    Infantile haemangiomas do not occur more frequently in children with congenital melanocytic naevi (2016)
    Wiley-Blackwell
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-09
    Description: Infantile Haemangioma (IH) is a very common benign vascular tumour with a reported incidence of 4-10% in infants 1 , and no clear genetic basis described as yet 2 . Congenital melanocytic nevi (CMN) are benign melanocytic tumours present in 1% of newborns, which when multiple are caused by post-zygotic mutations in the gene NRAS in the majority of cases 3 , and where single carry various somatic mutations where causality is difficult to prove 4–6 . Melanocytic and vascular birthmarks can co-exist in the condition Phakomatosis pigmentovascularis, and the same genetic mutation is responsible for both cutaneous lesions 7 , however these do not involve either CMN or IH. Moreover, the vascular lesion in PPV is considered congenital and malformative as CMN, and not proliferative and acquired as IH 8 . A case series of six patients presenting with both CMN and IH has previously been reported, where the authors hypothesised that this co-occurrence might be more common than expected by chance 9 . This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
    Print ISSN: 0007-0963
    Electronic ISSN: 1365-2133
    Topics: Medicine
    Published by Wiley-Blackwell
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  • 6
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    Targeted metabolomics and mathematical modeling demonstrate that vitamin B-6 restriction alters one-carbon metabolism in cultured HepG2 cells (2014)
    The American Physiological Society (APS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-07-02
    Description: Low vitamin B-6 nutritional status is associated with increased risk for cardiovascular disease and certain cancers. Pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP) serves as a coenzyme in many cellular processes, including several reactions in one-carbon (1C) metabolism and the transsulfuration pathway of homocysteine catabolism. To assess the effect of vitamin B-6 deficiency on these processes and associated pathways, we conducted quantitative analysis of 1C metabolites including tetrahydrofolate species in HepG2 cells cultured in various concentrations of pyridoxal. These results were compared with predictions of a mathematical model of 1C metabolism simulating effects of vitamin B-6 deficiency. In cells cultured in vitamin B-6-deficient medium (25 or 35 nmol/l pyridoxal), we observed 〉200% higher concentrations of betaine ( P 〈 0.05) and creatinine ( P 〈 0.05) and 〉60% lower concentrations of creatine ( P 〈 0.05) and 5,10-methenyltetrahydrofolate ( P 〈 0.05) compared with cells cultured in medium containing intermediate (65 nmol/l) or the supraphysiological 2,015 nmol/l pyridoxal. Cystathionine, cysteine, glutathione, and cysteinylglycine, which are components of the transsulfuration pathway and subsequent reactions, exhibited greater concentrations at the two lower vitamin B-6 concentrations. Partial least squares discriminant analysis showed differences in overall profiles between cells cultured in 25 and 35 nmol/l pyridoxal vs. those in 65 and 2,015 nmol/l pyridoxal. Mathematical model predictions aligned with analytically derived results. These data reveal pronounced effects of vitamin B-6 deficiency on 1C-related metabolites, including previously unexpected secondary effects on creatine. These results complement metabolomic studies in humans demonstrating extended metabolic effects of vitamin B-6 insufficiency.
    Print ISSN: 0193-1849
    Electronic ISSN: 1522-1555
    Topics: Medicine
    Published by The American Physiological Society (APS)
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  • 7
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    Vitamin B-6 restriction impairs fatty acid synthesis in cultured human hepatoma (HepG2) cells (2013)
    The American Physiological Society (APS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-02-16
    Description: Vitamin B-6 deficiency has been reported to alter n-6 and n-3 fatty acid profiles in plasma and tissue lipids; however, the mechanisms underlying such metabolic changes remain unclear. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of vitamin B-6 restriction on fatty acid profiles and fatty acid synthesis in HepG2 cells. Cells were cultured for 6 wk in media with four different vitamin B-6 concentrations (10, 20, 50, and 2,000 nM added pyridoxal, representing deficient, marginal, adequate, and supraphysiological conditions) that induced a range of steady-state cellular concentrations of pyridoxal phosphate. Total cellular lipid content was greatest in the deficient (10 nM pyridoxal) medium. The percentage of arachidonic acid and the ratio of arachidonic acid to linoleic acid in the total lipid fraction were ~15% lower in vitamin B-6-restricted cells, which suggests that vitamin B-6 restriction affects n-6 fatty acid interconversions. Metabolic flux studies indicated significantly lower fractional synthesis rate of oleic acid and arachidonic acid at 10, 20, and 50 nM pyridoxal, whereas that of eicosapentaenoic acid was lower in the cells cultured in 10 nM pyridoxal. Additionally, relative mRNA expressions of 5 and 6 desaturases were 40–50% lower in vitamin B-6-restricted cells. Overall, these findings suggest that vitamin B-6 restriction alters unsaturated fatty acid synthesis, particularly n-6 and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid synthesis. These results and observations of changes in human plasma fatty acid profiles caused by vitamin B-6 restriction suggest a mechanism by which vitamin B-6 inadequacy influences the cardiovascular risk.
    Print ISSN: 0193-1849
    Electronic ISSN: 1522-1555
    Topics: Medicine
    Published by The American Physiological Society (APS)
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  • 8
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    Time delay of baroreflex control and oscillatory pattern of sympathetic activity in patients with metabolic syndrome and obstructive sleep apnea (2013)
    The American Physiological Society (APS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-04-02
    Description: The incidence and strength of muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA) depend on the magnitude (gain) and latency (time delay) of the arterial baroreflex control (ABR). However, the impact of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) on oscillatory pattern of MSNA and time delay of the ABR of sympathetic activity is unknown. We tested the hypothesis that MetS and OSA would impair the oscillatory pattern of MSNA and the time delay of the ABR of sympathetic activity. Forty-three patients with MetS were allocated into two groups according to the presence of OSA (MetS + OSA, n = 21; and MetS – OSA, n = 22). Twelve aged-paired healthy controls (C) were also studied. OSA (apnea-hypopnea index 〉 15 events/h) was diagnosed by polysomnography. We recorded MSNA (microneurography), blood pressure (beat-to-beat basis), and heart rate (EKG). Oscillatory pattern of MSNA was evaluated by autoregressive spectral analysis and the ABR of MSNA (ABR MSNA , sensitivity and time delay) by bivariate autoregressive analysis. Patients with MetS + OSA had decreased oscillatory pattern of MSNA compared with MetS – OSA ( P 〈 0.01) and C ( P 〈 0.001). The sensitivity of the ABR MSNA was lower and the time delay was greater in MetS + OSA compared with MetS – OSA ( P 〈 0.001 and P 〈 0.01, respectively) and C ( P 〈 0.001 and P 〈 0.001, respectively). Patients with MetS – OSA showed decreased oscillatory pattern of MSNA compared with C ( P 〈 0.01). The sensitivity of the ABR MSNA was lower in MetS – OSA than in C group ( P 〈 0.001). In conclusion, MetS decreases the oscillatory pattern of MSNA and the magnitude of the ABR MSNA . OSA exacerbates these autonomic dysfunctions and further increases the time delay of the baroreflex response of MSNA.
    Print ISSN: 0363-6135
    Electronic ISSN: 1522-1539
    Topics: Medicine
    Published by The American Physiological Society (APS)
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  • 9
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    Modulation of sympathetic activity and heart rate variability by ivabradine (2015)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-09-17
    Description: Aims Bradycardic agents are currently used in the treatment of angina and heart failure; direct information on their effects on cardiac sympathetic nerve activity (SNA) may be relevant to their chronic use. The present study evaluates the effect of pacemaker inhibition on SNA; direct nerve recordings and indirect autonomic indexes are compared. Methods and results Experiments were performed in 18 anaesthetized rats. SNA (direct nerve recording) and heart rate variability (HRV) indexes were evaluated in parallel. All parameters were recorded 10 min before to 60 min after administration of the I f blocker ivabradine (IVA; 2 mg/kg, i.v.; n = 8) or vehicle (VEH; n = 5). IVA-induced RR interval (RR) prolongation (at 60 min +15.0 ± 7.1%, P 〈 0.01) was associated with decreased diastolic arterial pressure (DAP; –17.3 ± 8.4%, P 〈 0.05) and increased SNA (+51.1 ± 12.3%, P 〈 0.05). These effects were accompanied by increased RR variance (RR 2 ), which showed strong positive correlation with RR. Frequency-domain HRV indexes (in normalized units) were unchanged by IVA. After baroreceptor reflexes had been eliminated by sino-aortic denervation ( n = 5), similar IVA-induced RR prolongation (at 60 min +14.3 ± 5.9%, NS vs. intact) was associated with a larger DAP reduction (–30.9 ± 4.1%, P 〈 0.05 vs. intact), but failed to affect SNA. Conclusions (i) IVA-induced bradycardia was associated with increased SNA, resulting from baroreceptor unloading; if this applied to chronic IVA use in humans, it would be of relevance for therapeutic use of the drug. (ii) Whenever mean HR is concomitantly changed, time-domain HRV indexes should not be unequivocally interpreted in terms of autonomic balance.
    Print ISSN: 0008-6363
    Electronic ISSN: 1755-3245
    Topics: Medicine
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 10
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    Outer radiation belt dropout dynamics following the arrival of two interplanetary coronal mass ejections (2015)
    Wiley-Blackwell
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-12-29
    Description: Magnetopause shadowing and wave-particle interactions are recognized as the two primary mechanisms for losses of electrons from the outer radiation belt. We investigate these mechanisms, using satellite observations both in interplanetary space and within the magnetosphere and particle drift modeling. Two interplanetary shocks/sheaths impinged upon the magnetopause causing a relativistic electron flux dropout. The magnetic cloud (MC) and interplanetary structure sunward of the MC had primarily northward magnetic field, perhaps leading to a concomitant lack of substorm activity and a ten day-long quiescent period. The arrival of two shocks caused an unusual electron flux dropout. Test-particle simulations have shown ∼2 to 5 MeV energy, equatorially mirroring electrons with initial values of L ≥5.5 can be lost to the magnetosheath via magnetopause shadowing alone. For electron losses at lower L-shells, coherent chorus wave-driven pitch angle scattering and ULF wave-driven radial transport have been shown to be viable mechanisms.
    Print ISSN: 0094-8276
    Electronic ISSN: 1944-8007
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Wiley-Blackwell on behalf of American Geophysical Union (AGU).
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