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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reproducible sputtering and properties of Y-Ba-Cu-O films of various thicknesses (abstract) (1988)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 64 (1988), S. 5913-5913 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: One goal of this work was to develop a reproducible method of preparing high quality Y-Ba-Cu-O superconducting films and to study their properties versus thickness. This was accomplished by rf diode sputtering from a single target. Twenty-seven depositions were made using a target containing 8.9-at. % Y, 37.3-at. % Ba, and 53.8-at. % Cu. Film thicknesses ranged from 0.09 to 2.4 μm. The film compositions obtained were 15.6±1.0-at. % Y, 35.8±1.0-at. % Ba, and 48.7±1.7-at. % Cu for the mean and standard deviation. The films were amorphous as deposited and crystallized by annealing in O2 at 915 °C. X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy indicated that, on (100)SrTiO3 substrates, films with thickness less than ∼0.25 μm were epitaxially oriented with their c axis perpendicular to the substrate. Films on (110)SrTiO3 were oriented with their c axis parallel to the substrate. On (100)SrTiO3, zero resistance was achieved in 30 samples from 27 runs at 85.6±1.4 K with a transition width (10%–90%) of 1.8±1.1 K independent of thickness. Results for deposition on a variety of other substrates were more variable. Diamagnetic shielding of up to 38% was calculated from the initial slope of M vs H. This low value was attributed to the presence of second phases and a significant diffusion layer thickness, both observed by transmission electron microscopy. Critical currents, measured by transport using a four-point probe, reached 8.1×105 A/cm2 at 77.35 K for a 0.2-μm film deposited on (100)SrTiO3 . Comparable values were obtained by calculation from the M-H hysteresis loop, from which we infer that there are either continuous epitaxial sheets of c axis oriented 123 or, if there are grain boundaries, the coupling across them is strong.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.342201
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reproducible sputtering and properties of Y-Ba-Cu-O films of various thicknesses (1988)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 64 (1988), S. 6388-6391 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: One goal of this work was to develop a reproducible method of preparing high quality Y-Ba-Cu-O superconducting films and to study their properties versus thickness. This was accomplished by rf diode sputtering from a single target. Twenty-seven depositions were made using a target containing 8.9-at. % Y, 37.3-at. % Ba, and 53.8-at. % Cu. Film thicknesses ranged from 0.09 to 2.4 μm. The film compositions obtained were 15.6±1.0-at. % Y, 35.8±1.0-at. % Ba, and 48.7±1.7-at. % Cu for the mean and standard deviation. The films were amorphous as-deposited and crystallized by annealing in O2 at 915 °C. X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy indicated that, on (100)SrTiO3 substrates, films with thickness less than ∼0.25 μm were epitaxially oriented with their c axis perpendicular to the substrate. Films on (110)SrTiO3 were oriented with their c axis parallel to the substrate. On (100)SrTiO3, zero resistance was achieved in 30 samples from 27 runs at 85.6±1.4 K with a transition width (10%–90%) of 1.8±1.1 K independent of thickness. Results for deposition on a variety of other substrates were more variable. Diamagnetic shielding of up to 38% was calculated from the initial slope of M vs H. This low value was attributed to the presence of second phases and a significant diffusion layer thickness, both observed by transmission electron microscopy. Critical currents, measured by transport using a four-point probe, reached 8.1×105 A/cm2 at 77.35 K for a 0.2-μm film deposited on (100)SrTiO3 . Comparable values were obtained by calculation from the M-H hysteresis loop, from which we infer that there are either continuous epitaxial sheets of c axis oriented 123 or, if there are grain boundaries, the coupling across them is strong.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.342051
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Curran-Knowles Process (1941)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Industrial & engineering chemistry 33 (1941), S. 850-852 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5045
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ie50379a006
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    LONG-RANGE PCR AMPLIFICATION AS AN ALTERNATIVE STRATEGY FOR CHARACTERIZING NOVEL HLA-B ALLELES (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    International journal of immunogenetics 23 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1744-313X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: We have developed a simple, rapid and reliable method for specifically amplifying and cloning full-length HLA-B genes from genomic DNA. Using this methodology we characterized three alleles of interest at the molecular level. Two of the alleles appeared in our routine class I PCR-SSOP typing system, a variant of B*5801 found in the Daudi cell line and RCE 56 and a variant of B*4101 found in a number of volunteer donors on our Bone Marrow Donor Registry. The third, a variant B35 allele found in RCE 80, was first identified as unusual by serology. Our sequencing analysis of exon 2 and exon 3 identified two of these alleles as the recently reported novel HLA-B*5802 and HLA-B*4102 alleles, while the third represents a new B35 allele officially designated B*3513.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-313X.1996.tb00125.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Coassembly of K V LQT1 and minK (IsK) proteins to form cardiac I KS potassium channel (1996)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 384 (1996), S. 80-83 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] The previously described KVLQT1 complementary DNA pre-dicted a protein with six hydrophobia membrane-spanning a-helices (S1-S6), and a typical K+ channel pore-signature sequence11. However, this cDNA seemed to be lacking the amino-terminal domain and was not able to undergo functional expres-sion. ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/384080a0
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Analysis of single-nucleotide polymorphisms in the interleukin-4 receptor gene for association with inflammatory bowel disease (2000)
    Springer
    Immunogenetics 51 (2000), S. 1-7 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1211
    Keywords: Key words Inflammatory bowel ; Crohn's ; Ulcerative colitis ; Interleukin-4 receptor ; Association
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Genetic linkage analysis in families with multiple cases of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has mapped a gene which confers susceptibility to IBD to the pericentromeric region of chromosome 16 (IBD1). The linked region includes the interleukin(IL)-4 receptor gene (IL4R). Since IL-4 regulation and expression are abnormal in IBD, the IL4R gene is thus both a positional and functional candidate for IBD1. We screened the gene for single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) by fluorescent chemical cleavage analysis, and tested a subset of known and novel SNPs for allelic association with IBD in 355 families, which included 435 cases of Crohn's disease and 329 cases of ulcerative colitis. No association was observed between a haplotype of four SNPs (val50ile, gln576arg, A3044G, G3289A) and either the Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis phenotypes using the transmission disequilibrium test. There was also no evidence for association when the four markers were analyzed individually. The results indicate that these variants are not significant genetic determinants of IBD, and that the IL4R gene is unlikely to be IBD1. Linkage disequilibrium analyses showed that the val50ile and gln576arg variants are in complete equilibrium with each other, although they are separated by only about 21 kilobases of genomic DNA. This suggests that a very dense SNP map may be required to exclude or detect disease associations with some candidate genes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002510050001
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Implications of endotracheal tube biofilm for ventilator-associated pneumonia (1999)
    Springer
    Intensive care medicine 25 (1999), S. 1072-1076 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1238
    Keywords: Key words Ventilator-associated pneumonia ; Microbial biofilm ; Antibiotic resistance ; Endotracheal tube ; Medical device
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Objective: To determine the relationship between, and antibiotic resistance of, endotracheal tube (ET) biofilm and pulmonary pathogens in ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP).¶Setting: General intensive care units in two university teaching hospitals.¶Design: The microbiology of ET biofilm and tracheal samples from patients with and without VAP were compared. For individual patients, matching pairs of pathogens were confirmed as identical and characterised for antibiotic susceptibility.¶Patients: 40 intensive care unit patients – 20 with VAP, 20 without VAP as control. The duration of intubation (median and range) was 6.5 days (3–17) and 5 days (2–10), respectively.¶Measurements and results: Samples of tracheal secretions were taken during ventilation for bacteriological culture. Following extubation, ETs were examined for the presence of biofilm. Isolates of high pathogenic potential included Staphylococcus aureus, enterococci, Enterobacteriaceae, pseudomonads and Candida spp. Where the same microorganism was found on tracheal and ET samples by phenotyping, these were confirmed as identical by genotyping and characterised for antibiotic susceptibility in both the free floating and biofilm forms. Seventy per cent of patients with VAP had identical pathogens isolated from both ET biofilm and tracheal secretions. No pairing of pathogens was observed in control patients (p 〈 0.005). Susceptibility data for these pairs show that the ET acts as a reservoir for infecting microorganisms which exhibit significantly greater antibiotic resistance than their tracheal counterparts.¶Conclusion: This investigation provides further evidence for the role of ET biofilm in VAP. The difficulty in eradicating an established microbial biofilm using antibiotics implies that increased attention must be directed towards modification of the ET to prevent or substantially reduce biofilm formation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001340051014
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The fusion protein gene of phocine distemper virus: nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequences and a comparison of morbillivirus fusion proteins (1992)
    Springer
    Archives of virology 126 (1992), S. 159-169 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-8798
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The nucleotide sequence of the gene encoding the fusion protein of phocine distemper virus has been determined. The mRNA is 2206 nucleotides in length and contains one major open reading frame (ORF) of 1893 nucleotides encoding a potential protein of 631 amino acid residues. However, analogy with canine distemper virus (CDV) suggests that translation of the F protein starts at the sixth AUG codon in the mRNA sequence which is located at position 461, resulting in an F0 protein of exactly the same size (537 aa) as that of CDV. The overall homology at nucleotide level between the CDV and PDV F genes is 66%. The homology between the two F proteins of these respective viruses is 83%.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01309692
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ventilation and respiration in roots of one-year-old seedlings of grey mangrove Avicennia marina (Forsk.) Vierh. (1995)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 295 (1995), S. 23-29 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: aerenchyma ; Avicennia marina ; diffusion ; mangrove ; roots ; respiration
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Avicennia marina (Forsk.) Vierh. was grown from seed for 12 months in artificially tidal tanks providing a range of duration and depth of inundation. Plant growth characteristics were measured at harvest. Root aerenchyma development was estimated by pycnometry, root respiration rates by manometry, and the oxygen supply capacity of the above-ground portions of the plant was determined using oxygen electrode chambers. The mass per plant at harvest was influenced by the extent of inundation during growth with maximal growth at intermediate-length (1.5 to 6.5 h per tide) inundation periods. Those plants that had been submerged the longest (8.5 h per tide) had the least root tissue. The oxygen conductance of the stem base plus any pneumatophores showed a maximum in plants grown under intermediate inundation. Oxygen demand and internal gas space per unit dry weight of root were independent of extent of inundation. During high tide the plants grown at inundation periods of more than about 3–5 hours per tide were likely to become anaerobic. This may constitute a physiological limit for this species at the bottom of the tidal range.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00029107
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    High performance tangential flow filtration (1997)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 56 (1997), S. 71-82 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: tangential flow filtration ; ultrafiltration ; size exclusion chromatography ; protein purification ; fractionation ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Conventional tangential flow filtration (TFF) has traditionally been limited to separation of solutes that differ by about ten-fold in size. Wide pore-size distributions, membrane fouling, and concentration polarization phenomena have commonly been cited as reasons for this limitation. The use of TFF in the biotechnology industry has therefore been restricted to cell-protein, virus-protein, and protein-buffer separations. A multi-disciplinary team with industrial and academic members was formed to overcome these limitations and enable protein-protein separations using High Performance TFF (HPTFF) systems. Pore-size distributions have been improved with the development of new membrane formulation and casting techniques. Membrane fouling has been controlled by operating in the transmembrane pressure-dependent regime of the filtrate flux curve and by carefully controlling fluid dynamic start-up conditions. Concentration polarization was exploited to enhance, rather than limit, the resolution of solutes. Concentration polarization has also been controlled by operating a co-current filtrate stream that maintains transmembrane pressure constant along the length of the TFF module. High yields and purification factors were obtained even with small differences in protein sieving. IgG-BSA and BSA monomer-oligomer mixtures have successfully been separated with these systems. HPTFF technology provides a competitive purification tool to complement chromatographic processing of proteins. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Biotechnol Bioeng 56: 71-82, 1997.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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