Note: Intro -- Foreword -- Preface -- Introduction -- Contents -- Contributors -- New Frontiers in Integrated Solid Earth Sciences -- Perpectives on Integrated Solid Earth Sciences -- Introduction -- Mass Transfer -- Continental Topography: Interplay of Deep Earth and Surface Processes -- Geoprediction: Observation, Reconstruction and Process Modelling -- Observing the Present -- Reconstructing the Past -- Lithosphere Deformation Behaviour -- Process Modelling and Validation -- Challenges and New Developments -- Integrated Approach to Selected Natural Laboratories and Analogues -- Coupled Deep Earth and Surface Processes -- Coupled Process Modelling and Validation -- ILP Activities Within the International Year of Planet Earth -- Task Force 1: Earth Accretionary Systems (in Space and Time) (ERAS) -- Task Force 2: Tectonic Causes of Volcano Failure and Possible Premonitory Signals -- Task Force 3: Lithosphere-Asthenosphere Interactions -- Task Force 4: Ultra-Deep Continental Crust Subduction (UDCCS) -- Task Force 5: Global and Regional Parameters of Paleoseismology -- Implications for Fault Scaling and Future Earthquake Hazard -- Task Force 6: Sedimentary Basins -- Task Force 7: Temporal and Spatial Change of Stress and Strain -- Task Force 8: Baby-Plumes Origin, Characteristics, Lithosphere-Asthenosphere Interaction and Surface Expression -- Regional Coordinating Committee Europe: TOPO-EUROPE -- Regional Coordinating Committee Asia: TOPO-CENTRAL-ASIA: 4D Topographic Evolution in Central Asia -- Regional Coordinating Committee DynaQlim: Upper Mantle Dynamics and Quaternary Climate in Cratonic Areas -- International Continental Scientific Drilling Programme (ICDP) -- Perspectives on Integrated Solid Earth Sciences -- References -- 3D Crustal Model of Western and Central Europe as a Basis for Modelling Mantle Structure -- Introduction. , Basic Model Assumptions -- Crustal Model of Western and Central Europe -- Southeastern Europe -- Italian Peninsula -- Iberian Peninsula and Central Atlantic Margin -- England and North Atlantic Margin -- Central Europe -- Northern and Eastern Europe -- EuCrust-07: Statistical Analysis and Difference with Previous Models -- Lithology of the European Crust -- Conclusions -- References -- Thermal and Rheological Model of the European Lithosphere -- Introduction -- Thermal Model of the European Lithosphere -- Lithosphere Thickness of Europe -- Introduction to the Strength Calculation -- Rheological Model of the European Lithosphere -- Effective Elastic Thickness ( Te ) of the European Lithosphere -- How Reliable are the Strength Estimates? -- Conclusions -- Appendix: Anharmonicity Correction -- Voigt-Reuss-Hill (VRH) Averaging -- References -- Thermo-Mechanical Models for Coupled Lithosphere-Surface Processes: Applications to Continental Convergence and Mountain Building Processes -- Introduction -- Interplays Between Surface and Tectonic Processes -- Tectonic Forcing on Surface Processes -- Coupling Between Denudation and Tectonic Uplift Due To Isostasy -- Coupling Between Surface Processes and Horizontal Strains -- Coupling of Surface Processes and Tectonic Input/Reaction in Full Scale Mechanical Models: Major Stages -- Surface Processes Modelling: Principles and Numerical Implementation -- Basic Models of Surface Processes -- Alternative Models of Surface Processes -- Structure and Rheology of the Lithosphere -- Rheology -- Thermal Model -- Implementation of Coupled Models -- Semi-Analytical Model for Intermediate Tectonic Convergence Rate -- Unconstrained Fully Coupled Numerical Model -- Experiments -- Semi-Analytical Model -- Case 1: No Surface Processes: ''Subsurface Collapse'' -- Case 2: No Shortening: ''Erosional Collapse''. , Case 3: Dynamically Coupled Shortening and Erosion: ''Mountain Growth'' -- Coupled Regime and Graded Geometries -- Sensitivity to the Rheology and Structure of the Lower Crust -- Comparison With Observations -- Numerical Experiments -- Conclusions -- Appendix 1: Model of Flexural Deformation of the Competent Cores of the Brittle-Elasto-Ductile Crust and Upper Mantle -- Appendix 2: Model of Flow in the Ductile Crust -- Appendix 3: Analytical Formulation for Ascending Crustal Flow -- Appendix 4: Numerical Algorithm for the Full Thermo-Mechanical Model -- References -- Achievements and Challenges in Sedimentary Basin Dynamics:A Review -- Introduction -- Deep Controls on the Architecture of Sedimentary Basins -- Constraints on Basin Fill and Crustal Configuration by Seismic Imaging -- Industrial Reflection Seismic and Supporting Potential Field Data -- Crustal-Scale Reflection and Refraction Seismology -- Continental-Scale Maps of the European Moho and Lithospheric Thickness -- Mantle Tomography and Other Controls on Lithospheric Thickness and Mantle Heterogeneities -- Lithosphere Rheology and Tectonic Controls on Basin Segmentation and Topography -- Lithosphere Strength and Deformation Mode -- Lithospheric Folding: An Important Mode of Intraplate Basin Formation -- Linking the Sedimentary Record to Processes in the Lithosphere -- Mechanical Controls on Basin Evolution: Europe's Continental Lithosphere -- Dynamics of Sedimentary Systems and Deformation Patterns -- Compressional Basins: Lateral Variations in Flexural Behaviour and Implications for Paleotopography -- Topographic Expression of Compressional and Extensional Flat-Ramp Systems -- Coupling versus Decoupling between Forelands and Orogenic Wedges and Development of Thrust-Top Pull-Apart Basins -- Intracratonic Basins -- Passive Margins. , Source Sink Processes: Coupling of Climate, Uplift and Erosion, Subsidence and Sedimentation -- Requirements for Data Acquisition and Development of New Analytical Techniques -- Chronostratigraphy, Sedimentation Rates and Timing of Maximum Burial -- Paleo-Thermometers, Rates and Timing of Unroofing -- Pioneer Studies for Calibrating Paleo-Elevations -- New Developments in Numerical and Physical Modelling of Erosion, Sedimentation and Mountain Building Processes -- Coupled Kinematic and Mechanical Models of Thrust Belt Evolution -- Numerical Stratigraphic Models Coupling Erosion-Transport-Sedimentation -- Physical Experiments and Parameters Controlling Continental Topography and Erosion -- Synergy between Analogue and Numerical Modelling Addressing Coupling Between Deep Earth and Surface Processes and Paleo-Topography -- New Trends in Integrated Basin Modelling Studies and Validation -- Dynamic Controls on Reservoir Quality in Foreland Fold-and-Thrust Belts -- Pore Fluid Pressure, Fluid Flow and Reactive Transport -- 3D Kinematic Evolution of Complex Structures -- Geomechanics, Fracturing and Reservoir Prediction -- Aspects of Future Basin Study -- References -- Recent Developments in Earthquake Hazards Studies -- Introduction -- The Science of Earthquakes Understanding the Hazard -- Background -- Diffuse Plate Boundaries -- The Earthquake Cycle -- Earthquake Triggering: Natural and Man-Made -- Intraplate Earthquakes -- Transient Aseismic Slip and Subduction Zone Seismic Tremor -- The Paleoseismic Record Paleoseismic Record -- Lessons from the Earthquake Record -- A Survey of Earthquake Hazards -- Earthquake Engineering and Building Codes -- Future Directions in Earthquake Science -- Enhanced Seismic Monitoring -- Global Positioning Systems (GPS) Global Positioning Systems. , Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) -- Shakemaps of Seismic Intensities -- Earthquake Forecasting vs. Earthquake Prediction -- Earthquake Early Warning -- Closing Comments -- References -- Passive Seismic Monitoring of Natural and Induced Earthquakes: Case Studies, Future Directions and Socio-Economic Relevance -- Introduction -- Quantifying the Earthquake Process -- Case Studies -- Monitoring the Failure Process: Acoustic Emission Activity and Fracturing in the Laboratory -- Tracking the Hydro-Frac: Passive Seismic Monitoring in Hydrocarbon Reservoirs -- Induced Seismicity at Crustal Depth: The KTB Deep Borehole Observatory -- The Parkfield Earthquake Experiment -- The San Andreas Fault Observatory at Depth -- Outlook and Future Directions -- NanTroSEIZE: Monitoring of a Locked Segment Along the Convergent Plate Boundary Offshore of Japan -- The Istanbul/Marmara Branch of the North Anatolian Fault Zone in NW Turkey: Locked or Creeping? -- Concluding Remarks -- References -- Non-volcanic Tremor: A Window into the Roots of Fault Zones -- Introduction -- Episodic Tremor and Slip -- New Opportunities -- Fundamental Properties of Tremor -- Locating Non-volcanic Tremor -- Waveform Envelope Location Methods -- Amplitude Based Location Methods -- Small Aperture Seismic Array Based Location Methods -- Phase Based Location Methods -- The Future of Tremor Location -- Developing a Physical Model for Tremor -- The Fluid Flow Model for Non-volcanic Tremor -- Case Study I: Non-volcanic Tremor in Japan -- Low Frequency Earthquakes -- Tremor Migration -- A Wide Range of Slow Events -- Case Study II: Stress Interactions of Tremor with Other Earth Processes -- Earthquakes Influencing Tremor -- The Tides Influencing Tremor -- Theoretical Models of Slow Slip (and Tremor). , Discussion and Outstanding Questions.