Keywords:
Groundwater -- Arsenic content -- Taiwan.
;
Arsenic -- Physiological effect -- Taiwan.
;
Environmental toxicology -- Taiwan.
;
Electronic books.
Description / Table of Contents:
This book will improve the knowledge and understanding of the occurrence and genesis of arsenic-rich groundwaters in Taiwan. It deals with constraints on the mobility of arsenic in groundwater, its uptake from soil and water by plants, arsenic-propagation through the food chain, human health impacts, and arsenic-removal technologies. Taiwan case experiences are described in this book and can be applied worldwide. A state-of-the-art overview of research on arsenic in Taiwan, the book should create interest in regions within Taiwan that are affected by the presence of arseniferous aquifers and draw attention from the international scientific community, and improve the international cooperation on arsenic problems worldwide.
Type of Medium:
Online Resource
Pages:
1 online resource (217 pages)
Edition:
1st ed.
ISBN:
9780203848067
Series Statement:
Arsenic in the Environment Series
URL:
https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/geomar/detail.action?docID=565929
DDC:
363.738/4
Language:
English
Note:
Cover -- Half Title -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- About the Book Series -- Editorial Board -- Table of Contents -- Foreword -- Authors' Preface -- About the Authors -- Acknowledgements -- 1: Taiwan and the Global Arsenic Problem -- 1.1 General Introduction to the Arsenic Problem -- 1.1.1 Origin, Release and Occurrence of Groundwater Arsenic -- 1.1.2 Geochemical Arsenic Mobility Controls -- 1.1.3 Other Arsenic Mobility Controls -- 1.1.4 Remediation of Arsenic-Contaminated Sites -- 1.1.5 Human Exposure to Arsenic and Related Health Effects -- 1.2 Arsenic: From History to Taiwan -- 1.2.1 Arsenic Discoveries in Groundwater of Argentina -- 1.2.2 Arsenic Discoveries in Groundwater of Mexico -- 1.2.3 Arsenic Discoveries in Ground- and Surface-Water of Chile -- 1.2.4 Arsenic Discoveries in Groundwater of Taiwan -- 1.3 Arsenic: From Taiwan to the End of the 20th Century -- 1.4 Arsenic in the 21st Century-Recognizing Groundwater Arsenic as a Global Problem -- 1.5 Regulations of Arsenic Contents in Drinking Water and Its Impact on the Exposed Population -- 1.6 Why Was the "Taiwan Signal" Not Immediately Recognized Worldwide? -- 1.7 Why Does Arsenic Continue to Affect People Worldwide? -- 1.8 Demands for International Cooperation and Networking -- 2: Geological Controls of Arsenic Concentrations in Ground- and Surface-Waters-An Overview of Our Worldwide State-of-the-art Knowledge -- 2.1 Arsenic in the Earth's Environments and Introduction into Ground-and Surface-Water Resources -- 2.2 Geogenic Arsenic: Occurence and Sources -- 2.2.1 Arsenic in Minerals and Amorphous Phases -- 2.2.2 Arsenic in Rocks -- 2.3 Mechanisms of Arsenic Mobilization into Aqueous Environments: an Overview -- 2.3.1 Arsenic Species in Natural Waters and Reaction Kinetics -- 2.3.2 Arsenic Release and Mobility: Solid-fluid Interfacial Processes.
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2.3.3 Additional Factors and Processes Influencing Concentrations of Dissolved Arsenic -- 2.3.4 Arsenic Transport in Natural Water -- 2.4 Sulfide Oxidation -- 2.4.1 Mechanism and Kinetics of Arsenic Mobilization Through Sulfide Oxidation -- 2.4.2 Example: Arsenic Mobilization by Sulfide Oxidation in the Near-Neutral Sandstone Aquifer of Northeastern Wisconsin, USA -- 2.4.3 Example: Franconian Upper Triassic Sandstone Aquifer, Germany -- 2.5 Arsenic Input Due to Leaching in Geothermal Reservoirs: The Role of Geothermal Fluids -- 2.5.1 Arsenic Input from Geothermal Waters and Other Geothermal Manifestations -- 2.5.2 Examples of Arsenic Input from Geothermal Waters -- 2.6 the Role of Fe, Mn, and Al Oxides and Oxyhydroxides as Sources and Sinks for Dissolved Arsenic -- 2.6.1 Arsenic Release by Dissolution of Metal Oxyhydroxides -- 2.6.2 Arsenic Release/sequestration Due to Sorption by Fe, Mn and Al Oxides and Oxyhydroxides -- 2.6.2.1 Influence of Redox Potential and pH on Adsorption Capacity -- 2.6.2.2 Influence of Competing Ions on Arsenic Adsorption Capacity -- 2.6.2.3 Example: Chaco-Pampean Plain, Argentina -- 2.6.2.4 Example: Molasse Trough Sand Aquifer, Southern Germany -- 2.7 Adsorption Processes and Capacity of Clay Minerals -- 2.8 Precipitation/Dissolution and Sorption Processes of Calcite -- 2.9 Interactions Between Arsenic and Humic Substances -- 3: History of Blackfoot Disease -- 3.1 Prologue: a Mysterious Disease -- 3.2 Clinical Characteristics of Blackfoot Disease -- 3.3 Pathological Findings of Blackfoot Disease -- 3.4 Epidemiological Characteristics of Blackfoot Disease -- 4: Cause of Blackfoot Disease: Arsenic in Artesian Well Water -- 4.1 Types of Wells in Blackfoot Disease-Endemic Area -- 4.2 Characteristics of Well Water in Blackfoot Disease Endemic Area -- 4.3 Arsenic Levels in Well Water in Lanyang Basin.
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4.4 Association Between Blackfoot Disease and Artesian Well Water -- 4.5 Arsenic in Drinking Water: the Cause of Blackfoot Disease -- 4.6 Co-morbidity of Unique Arsenic-induced Skin Lesions and Blackfoot Disease -- 4.7 Host and Environmental Co-factors for Blackfoot Disease -- 4.8 Arsenic in Drinking Water and Circulatory Diseases Other Than Blackfoot Disease -- 4.9 Arsenic in Drinking Water and Prevalence of Diabetes and Hypertension -- 4.10 Reduction in Mortality of Arsenic-induced Diseases After Implementation of Public Water Supply System in the Endemic Area of Blackfoot Disease -- 5: Non-Vascular Health Effects of Arsenic in Drinking Water in Taiwan -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Skin Cancer -- 5.3 Internal Cancers -- 5.4 Eye Diseases -- 5.5 Other Health Outcomes -- 5.6 Summary and Conclusions -- 6: Arsenic Sources, Occurrences and Mobility in Surface Water, Groundwater and Sediments -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Hydrogeology and Sedimentology of Arsenic in Aquifers -- 6.2.1 Chianan Plain -- 6.2.2 Lanyang Plain (Yilan Plain) -- 6.2.3 Guandu Plain -- 6.3 Potential Arsenic Sources -- 6.3.1 Geogenic Sources -- 6.3.1.1 Chianan Plain -- 6.3.1.2 Lanyang (or Yilan) Plain -- 6.3.2 Anthropogenic Sources -- 6.3.2.1 Mining Activity -- 6.3.2.2 Industrial Activity -- 6.3.2.3 Agricultural Activity -- 6.4 Arsenic Distributions and Mobility Controls -- 6.4.1 Water Chemistry in the Chianan and Lanyang Plains -- 6.4.2 Arsenic in Sediments -- 6.4.3 Mobilization and Transport of Arsenic -- 6.4.3.1 Arsenic Speciation -- 6.4.3.2 Redox-Mediated Mobilization and Transport of Arsenic -- 6.4.3.3 Microbe-Mediated Mobilization and Transport of Arsenic -- 6.5 Arsenic in Mud Volcanoes and Hot Springs -- 6.6 Concluding Remarks -- 7: Arsenic in Soils and Plants: Accumulation and Bioavailability -- 7.1 Accumulation and Behavior of Arsenic in Soil.
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7.2 Bioaccumulation of Arsenic in Plants and Crops -- 8: Potential Threat of the Use of Arsenic-Contaminated Water in Aquaculture -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 Arsenic in Aquacultural Organisms -- 8.2.1 Tilapia -- 8.2.2 Milkfish -- 8.2.3 Mullet -- 8.2.4 Clam -- 8.2.5 Oyster -- 8.2.6 Arsenic Levels in Groundwater and Farmed Fish/Shrimp in Lanyang Plain -- 8.3 Arsenic Methylation Capability -- 8.4 Health Risk Assessment -- 9: Current Solutions to Arsenic-Contaminated Water -- 9.1 Introduction -- 9.2 Change of Water Source -- 9.3 Water Treatment Processes for Centralized Systems -- 9.3.1 Precipitation Methods -- 9.3.2 Adsorption and Ion Exchange Methods -- 9.3.3 Membrane Technology -- 9.4 Point-of-use and Point-of-Entry Devices -- 9.5 Case Study in Southwestern Taiwan -- 9.6 Recommendations -- 10: Future Areas of Study and Tasks for the Taiwan Arsenic Problem -- 10.1 Sources of Arsenic and Mobilization in Groundwater -- 10.2 Human Impact Through the Food Chain -- 10.3 Health Effects of Arsenic in Drinking Water, Treatment, Risk Assessment and Prevention -- 10.4 Future Treatment Demands, Including Nanotechnology -- References -- Subject Index.
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